RU184625U1 - PORTABLE LABORATORY AND FIELD SPRINKLER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to equipment for producing artificial rain with different intensities in small areas for studying erosion processes in laboratory and field conditions. The required result is achieved using a portable laboratory field irrigation system and its hitch system, consisting of a tripod with a lifting mechanism, an electric drive and a swinging device. The lifting mechanism through the cable and the stationary unit raises and lowers the sprinkler when refueling it with water or when changing the height of the sprinkler. An electric drive, consisting of an electric motor and gearbox, forcibly rotates the sprinkler at a small predetermined speed. The swinging mechanism, consisting of a vertical axis with a thrust disc fixed with diametrical protrusions, on both sides of which are reels with cords, mushroom-shaped pressure discs with grooves and pins, washers, springs and adjusting nuts. The laces with the second ends are attached to the legs of the tripod with clamps so that their projections in the stretched state onto the horizontal plane form an angle of 90 °, i.e. the device sways with each cord in perpendicular vertical planes. When screwing the adjusting nuts, the spring compression force of the coils between the discs changes, which changes the time of the coils rolling and the swinging amplitude of the sprinkler. Using the above nodes allows you to get an automatic high-quality regime of sprinkling of experimental soil samples in laboratory and field conditions.

Description

The utility model relates to agriculture and can be used to obtain artificial rain for scientific research in laboratory and field conditions.

Known sprinkler for studying pressure-free water permeability of soils [RU 2611719 C1, 02.20.2017]. The sprinkler is made in the form of ridges of tubes with holes. The holes are drilled at an angle to each other and oriented upwards so that in flight the water jets collide and partially collapse into droplets or are quenched on the reflector. The known technical solution does not allow to obtain uniform rain with large drops, since the water in the jets, colliding and bouncing off the reflector, scatters in different directions, partially turning into dust, and unevenly falls on the registration area.

A known laboratory sprinkler plant [RU 171157 U1, 05.23.2017], in which a water atomizing device is connected to a water supply pump. It is deflected by a drive that includes an electric motor and an oscillating mechanism, made in the form of an eccentric kinematically connected with the working rod and placed in a glass. During operation, the swinging device makes oscillatory rotational movements, which in turn reduces uniformity, i.e. rain will be more intense at the center of rotation than at the edges.

The closest technical solution is a portable laboratory field rain plant [RU 2519789 C1, 06/20/2014], including a frame, vertical racks, a water tank, and a sprinkler unit with a float chamber and a filter. The well-known sprinkler allows high-quality sprinkling, but the sprinkler needs constant manual scrolling and swaying.

The purpose of the utility model is to automate the irrigation process in laboratory and field conditions. To solve this problem, a portable laboratory field irrigation system is proposed, which includes a tripod with a lifting mechanism and a cable passed through a fixed unit, which is fixed in the upper part of the tripod. At the second end of the cable, a sprinkler from a portable laboratory field sprinkler is hung out through a bracket with a stop lever, a gearbox, an electric motor, and a swinging device [RU 2519789 C1, 06/20/2014]. The tripod is made non-equilateral with angles projected on a horizontal plane from the center of 135, 135 and 90 °. The lifting mechanism consists of a drum with a horizontal axis, a ratchet, a handle, a fixing plate and a cable. An electric motor on a suspension bracket is fixed together with a reduction gear, on a vertical output shaft of which a swinging device is fixed on a threaded connection, consisting of a vertical axis, on which coils of different diameters with cords are mounted symmetrically with respect to the thrust disk with a locking screw, lock nut and pressure mushroom-shaped discs with grooves and pins, washers, springs and adjusting nuts. In this case, the coils are made of wear-resistant material, for example, fluoroplastic. On the vertical axis from below on a threaded connection, a mounted hook for the sprinkler is fixed.

In FIG. 1 shows a portable laboratory field irrigation system (side view), FIG. 2 is a layout of racks at a tripod and swinging cords; FIG. 3 is an enlarged image of a swinging device.

Portable laboratory field irrigation system consists of a tripod 1 (Fig. 1), a lifting mechanism 2 with a cable 3, passed through a fixed unit 4, installed in its upper part. At the end of the cable 3, a bracket 5 is fixed with a horizontal stop lever 6, an electric motor 7 and a gearbox 8, on the vertical output shaft of which a swinging device 9 with cords 10 and clamps 11 is installed, on which a sprinkler 12 is hung, which is a sprinkler from a portable laboratory field sprinkler installation [RU 2519789 C1, 06/20/2014]. Moreover, on two racks of the tripod 1 at the level of the swinging device 9, the clamps 11 with the cords 10 are fixed in such a way that the projection of the cords 10 (Fig. 2) on a horizontal plane is a right angle. In the center of tripod 1, under the sprinkler 12, a cylindrical soil monolith 13 under study is placed (Fig. 1), with a visor 14 and a collection tank 15. The swinging device 9 is made of an axis 16 fixed to the vertical output shaft of the gearbox 8 (Fig. 3), on which it is symmetrically relative to the thrust disk 17 with a locking screw 18, a lock nut 19 and diametrical protrusions 20, coils 21 are installed, pressure mushroom-shaped disks 22 with grooves 23 and pins 24, washers 25, springs 26 and adjusting nuts 27. Coils 21 are made with different diameters, and in them close slivers ends cords 10. Thrust washer 17 on the shaft 16 is fixedly secured locking screw 18, and fixed by a lock nut 19. At its plane in the diametric direction protrusions 20 and recesses on spools for them. At the lower end of the vertical axis 16 through a threaded connection, a hanging hook 28 is fixed on which a sprinkler 12 is hung.

Portable laboratory field sprinkler works as follows.

On the field or in the laboratory, set the tripod 1 (Fig. 1), previously unwinding the lifting mechanism 2 and lowering the second end of the cable 3 to a convenient height for work. A bracket 5 is attached to it with a stop lever 6, an electric motor 7, a gearbox 8 and a swinging device 9, on a mounted hook 28 (Fig. 3), which is hung with a water sprinkler 12 (Fig. 1) from a portable laboratory field irrigation system [RU 2519789 C1, 06/20/2014]. The sprinkler 12 lowers to the height of the cylindrical soil monolith 13 and the monolith 13 is centered relative to the sprinkler. Turn the lifting mechanism 2 by the handle, and raise the sprinkler 12 to a predetermined height so that the stop lever 6 covers one of the racks of tripod 1. Unscrew the cords 10 on the coils 21 (Fig. 3) of the swinging device 9 (Fig. 1) and fasten their ends clamps 11 on the racks of the tripod 1 so that the clamps 11 were in the same horizontal plane with the corresponding coils and the projection of the cords 10 (Fig. 2) in a stretched state on a horizontal plane were located at right angles to each other. Monolith 13 is covered with a collecting tray and the sprinkler is started. When the sprinkler 12 (Fig. 1) reaches the specified mode, turn on the electric motor 7, which slowly rotates the sprinkler 12 through the gearbox 8. The vertical output shaft of the gearbox 8 rotates the vertical axis 16 (Fig. 3) of the swinging device 9 (Fig. 1), which through the stop disk 17 (Fig. 3) is fixed on the axis 16 by the locking screw 18 and the lock nut 19. The diametrical protrusions 20 of the stop disk 17 rotate the coils 21, which wind the cords 10, pulling themselves in one direction or another and rejecting the sprinkler 12 ( Fig. 1). The tension force of the cords 10 increases, and at a given moment of the coil 21 (Fig. 3) on the diametrical protrusions 20, one falls and the other rises, moving the mushroom-shaped pressure disks 20, which are moved by grooves 23 along the pins 24, moving the washers 25, compress the springs 26, and coils 21 quickly rotate 180 ° until the grooves on the coils 21 and diametrical protrusions 20 on the stop disc 17 coincide. The swinging device 9 (Fig. 1), and with it the sprinkler 12 receive a horizontal pulse for swinging on the cable 3. The size of the swinging the force changes when tightening the adjusting nut 27 (Fig. 3). With greater compression of the spring 26, the forces in the cords 10, and hence the swinging amplitude, increase. The coils 21 are made of different diameters, and the cords 10 (Fig. 2) are wound in perpendicular directions, which makes it possible to evenly pump the sprinkler 12 (Fig. 1) over the monolith 13 under investigation. Water entering the monolith 13 first moistens it and then erosion starts processes flowing from the monolith water is discharged into a collection tank 15, which is closed from accidental drops by a protective visor 14. When the swinging device is working, a torque arises relative to the vertical axis, which is balanced by the stop lever 6 supporting I was one of the pillars of the tripod 1. On the field, when there is wind there is no need for artificial rocking sprinkler, cord 10 is wound on the spool 21 and fix them with clamps 11.

The set of distinctive features of the proposed device allows to obtain a uniform and stable artificial rain both in laboratory and in the field.

Claims (3)

1. Portable laboratory field irrigation system, including an electric motor, gearbox and sprinkler, characterized in that the sprinkler on a tripod is hung with a cable passed through a fixed unit, one end of which is secured to a lifting mechanism, and the other end to a hanging bracket with a horizontal stop lever, an electric motor, a gearbox, on the vertical output shaft of which a swinging device with a hinged hook and a sprinkler is fixed, while the swinging device is made of symmetrically mounted s on a vertical shaft with respect to the thrust disk with a locking screw, locknut and diametral protrusions, two coils of different diameters with the cords and clamps, pressing poppet discs with slots and pins, washers, springs and the adjusting screws. 2. A portable laboratory field irrigation plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the cords are attached to the tripod posts through the clamps with the second ends, and at the same time, when projected onto the horizontal plane, they form a right angle between them. 3. Portable laboratory field irrigation plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the lifting mechanism is made of a drum with a horizontal axis, ratchet, handle, fixing plate and cable.

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