RU2519697C1 - Angular forming process - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: plastic deformation is carried out by male die ay composite female die. Said female die has crossed inlet, intermediate and outlet channels. At forming, ballast blanks are used to act on blank ends. At least one ballast blank is placed at female die inlet channel between male die and blank. At least two ballast blanks are arranged in outlet channel.

EFFECT: homogeneous fine-grain structure, good geometrical parameters of workpiece.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure, and in particular to methods for producing blanks and products, mainly from non-ferrous (aluminum and copper) alloys with enhanced mechanical properties of materials due to the formation of a fine-grained structure with increased uniformity.

The prior art method of deforming workpieces in intersecting channels, which consists in deforming the workpiece in the vertical and horizontal channels with the movement of the workpiece in the latter with backwater (Segal V.M., Reznikov V.I., Kopylov V.I. et al. “Processes plastic structure formation of metals ”, Minsk: Science and technology, 1994, p. 26).

The disadvantages of this, well-known from the prior art, method should include the complexity of the process of creating backwater using complex mechanisms.

The closest to the invention in terms of technical nature and the achieved positive effect is the angular pressing method known from the prior art, which consists in deforming a workpiece by means of a punch in a prefabricated matrix with intersecting input, intermediate and output channels (RU 2440210 C1 20.01.2012).

The disadvantage of this method is the lack of backing up the workpiece during pressing.

The technical result to which the claimed invention is directed is to increase the uniformity of accumulated deformations by the metal of the workpiece throughout its volume with increasing uniformity of the fine-grained structure, as well as improving quality by maintaining geometric parameters when the workpiece exits the matrix.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the method of angular pressing consists in plastic deformation of the workpiece by means of a punch in a prefabricated matrix with intersecting input, intermediate and output channels, according to the invention, plastic deformation of the workpiece is carried out by additional impact on its ends of the ballast workpieces, while in the input channel at least one ballast preform is arranged, and at least two in the output.

The invention is illustrated by graphic materials, where:

- figure 1 schematically shows a stamp for angular pressing.

1. Bandage;

2, 3, 9, 13. Matrix inserts;

4. Punch;

5. The receiving channel;

6, 11, 14. Ballast blank;

7. Procurement;

8. The pin;

10. The intermediate channel;

12. The output channel.

- figure 2 is a view of the stamp from above.

1. Bandage;

3, 9. Matrix inserts;

8. The pin;

15, 16. Half-matrices.

The method is as follows.

First, technological grease is applied to the ballast blank 14, as well as to the punch 4. Then, the ballast blank 14 with the applied lubricant is placed in the receiving channel 5 until it comes into contact with the intersection of the receiving and intermediate channels (5, 10). All intersecting channels are formed by matrix inserts 2, 3, 9 and 13, fixed by pins 8 between the half-matrices 15 and 16.

Next, the punch 4 is introduced into the receiving channel 5 until it contacts the upper end of the ballast billet 14, which is gradually pushed into the intermediate channel 10. For the subsequent pushing of the said ballast billet 14 into the output channel 12, at least one other ballast billet 11 is used, which is pushed into the intermediate channel 10 by the punch 4, the stroke of which at this stage of pressing is equal to the length of the ballast blank 11. Then, the blank 7 is installed in the receiving channel 5, and then again the ballast blank 6 and, affect Shoving it with a punch 4, simultaneously push all the blanks 6, 7, 11, and 14 with which the matrix channels are filled. At this stage of pressing, the stroke of the punch should be equal to the sum of the lengths of the ballast blank 6 and blank 7. The pressed blank 7 experiences two acts of shear deformation, namely, plastic deformation when entering from the receiving channel 5 into the intermediate channel 10 and moving from the intermediate channel 10 to the output channel 12. After pushing the workpiece 7 into the intermediate channel 10, another ballast billet (not shown) is installed in the receiving channel 5, which is pushed through the punch into the intermediate channel 1 0, and after it a blank of base metal (not shown in the drawing). Thus, the blank 7 and the ballast blanks 6 and 11 alternate. The last in the output channel 12 remains the ballast blank 6 or another, which, if necessary, is removed from the channels by disassembling the matrix.

Thus, the simultaneous pressing of the workpiece in a composite matrix with intersecting channels by means of a punch and ballast workpieces located in the receiving and output channels of the matrix as a single block of workpieces eliminates distortion of the ends of the workpiece and preserves geometric parameters when it leaves the matrix, which increases the utilization rate metal. In addition, providing support simultaneously from the opposite ends of the workpiece due to friction forces acting simultaneously on the entire deformation path, the effect of aligning the projection of the displacement velocity vector on the direction of the axes of the receiving and output channels of the matrix for all sections of simultaneously pressed blanks is achieved by a plane perpendicular to the axes of the receiving and output channels. Due to this, the homogeneity of the accumulated deformations by the metal of the main billet increases over its entire volume, which means the uniformity of the obtained fine-grained structure. Experimental data showed that, compared with the prototype, the uniformity of the fine-grained structure of the workpiece obtained by the claimed method increased by 10%, which indicates an increase in mechanical characteristics.

The claimed combination of essential features, reflected in the claims, provides the claimed technical result - improving the mechanical characteristics by achieving greater uniformity of the resulting fine-grained structure, and hence the uniformity of the distribution of mechanical properties over the volume of the wrought billet, as well as improving the quality of the workpieces by increasing the metal utilization rate for due to the elimination of undesirable shaping of the ends of the workpiece, which are supported by ballast blanks all the way to pressing.

The analysis of the claimed technical solution for compliance with the conditions of patentability showed that the characteristics indicated in the formula are essential and interconnected with the formation of a stable population unknown at the priority date from the prior art, the necessary features sufficient to obtain the required synergistic (over-total) technical result.

Thus, the above information indicates the fulfillment of the following set of conditions when using the claimed technical solution:

- the object embodying the claimed technical solution, when it is implemented, is designed to carry out the processing of metals and alloys by pressure and is intended to produce products with enhanced mechanical properties due to more intense fragmentation of structures with the formation of a fine-grained, uniform structure of the product material;

- for the claimed object in the form described in the formula, the possibility of its implementation using the methods and methods described above or known from the prior art on the priority date is confirmed;

- the object embodying the claimed technical solution, when implemented, is able to ensure the achievement of the technical result perceived by the applicant.

Therefore, the claimed subject matter meets the requirements of the patentability conditions of “novelty”, “inventive step” and “industrial applicability” under applicable law.

Claims (1)

The method of angular pressing, including plastic deformation of the workpiece by means of a punch in a prefabricated matrix with intersecting input, intermediate and output channels, characterized in that the plastic deformation of the workpiece is carried out by acting on its ends of the ballast workpieces, at least one ballast workpiece is located in the input channel precast matrix between the punch and the workpiece and at least two ballast blanks are located in the output channel of the precast matrix.

Images