RU2519028C1 - Device for evaluation of thread slippage of textile materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textiles, paper.

SUBSTANCE: device for evaluation of thread slippage of textile materials comprises the means of fixing the test sample, the test sample loading means in the form of gear motor made with the ability to control the magnitude of the loading, the means of measuring the magnitude of loading and moving the threads, and a processor which is connected through the microcontroller and the interface unit with the gear motor. The means of measuring the magnitude of loading and moving the threads comprise a movable carriage with the needle comb and are provided with optically active elements and webcam mounted with the ability to read the magnitudes of loading and moving the threads and passing them to the processor.

EFFECT: constructive simplification of the measuring system, while simultaneous improvement of accuracy of evaluation of thread slippage of the textile materials.

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Description

The present invention relates to instrumentation for light industry and can be used to determine the expandability of the threads of textile materials both in their manufacture and in the manufacture of garments.

A device for implementing a method for assessing the anisotropy of the expandability of the threads in the seams of products described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2310846, publ. 2007.11.20, which is a “rack” type relaxometer, in which the upper clamp is replaced by a crossbeam cylinder, the radius of which can vary depending on the research tasks. When measuring the sample, which is a “daisy” formed by connecting a round sample with a diameter of 150 mm in the center and 8 “petals” (strips) of 50 × 110 mm, cut at different angles that are characteristic for the direction of the seams in the clothes, fix the clips alternately for each direction in the seam plane of the details of the garment after placing them on a cylindrical crossbar covered with material. After hanging the load to the clamp, the displacement of the threads from the seam and the change in linear dimensions are measured. A disadvantage of the known device is the subjectivity of the assessment of the expandability of the threads in the seams of clothing products without the possibility of establishing the accuracy and reliability of this assessment, which you need to know in the production of textile materials and at the design stage of garments, as well as the technological complexity of implementing the method with its help.

Closest to the claimed is a device for assessing the expandability of the textile yarn PT-2M, described in the current GOST 22730-87 "Textile cloth. “Spreadability determination method” and comprising a load clamp, a rubber roller, a drum driven by an electric motor through a worm gear, flat hard rubber lips between which the test sample is passed, a plastic plate placed at a distance of 6.0 ± 1.0 mm from said jaws, a leash with a load for fixing a sample of material and moving the deformation zone by means of a rocker arm, at the other end of which there is a load scale.

A disadvantage of the known device is its structural and technological complexity associated with the presence of two autonomous electromechanical drives in the form of a worm gear and a helical gear, as well as the insufficient accuracy of estimating the degree of expandability of the threads, due to the subjectivity of the visual fixation of the moment the sample reaches the boundary of the plastic plate and the visual reading of the values applied loading, which introduce subjectivity into the assessment of the studied parameter and indefinitely consistency in the measurement results.

The objective of the invention is to create a structurally simple device that provides technologically simple and at the same time reliable and objective assessment of the expandability of the threads of textile materials in the seams.

The technical result of the proposed device is a constructive simplification of the measurement system while improving the accuracy of evaluating the expandability of the threads of textile materials.

The technical result is achieved by a device for evaluating the expandability of the threads of textile materials, containing means for fixing and loading the test sample, means for measuring the magnitude of the loading and movement of the threads, which, unlike the known one, is equipped with a processor, and as a means of loading, contains a gear motor configured to control the magnitude of the loading moreover, the means for measuring the magnitude of loading and movement of the threads contain a movable carriage with a needle comb and are equipped with an optical ivnymi elements and the web camera mounted to read the values of the loading and moving filaments and transferring them to a processor and which, via the microcontroller interface unit associated with the motor-reducer.

The proposed device is clearly shown in the drawings, where Fig. 1 shows a structural-kinematic diagram of a device for determining the spreadability of threads of textile materials, and Fig. 2 shows a general view of the working bodies for expanding the threads in the form of a comb with needles.

The device comprises a bed 1, a screw drive 2, a fixed clamp 3, a carriage 4 mounted on a movable frame 5. The frame 5 carries a movable comb 6 with a set of needles 7 distributed over the width of the material sample in accordance with the type of its fibrous system made with the possibility of regulating the depth of lowering of the needles when they puncture the material and the relative movement of relative to each other in the transverse direction.

The movable carriage 4 with a movable needle comb 6 has the possibility of rectilinear movement in the guides 8 of the bed 1 parallel to the plane of the sample under the influence of elastic elements 9, fastened to the movable transmitting force by the element 10, driven by the drive 2. The tabletop 11 mounted on the bed 1, performs the functions reference area of the sample of the studied material.

The device also includes optically active tags 12 for measuring in pixels the displacement of the comb 6 with the needles 7 in the direction of their loading by the drive 2 due to the stretching of the elastic elements 9. The carriage 4 has two degrees of freedom, with the possibility of longitudinal movement when loading the sample from the drive 2 and pivoting movement relative to the movable support 13 using the handle 14.

To measure the amount of movement of the carriage 4 with the needle comb 6 and the stretching of the elastic elements 9, a web camera 16 is installed on the tripod 15, connected to the processor 17, which, in turn, is connected through the microcontroller 18 and the interface unit 19 to the motor gearbox (MP) .

The needles 7 are movable relative to their attachment on the comb and move synchronously with the carriage when the handle 14 is rotated, piercing the sample until it is in mechanical contact with the non-metallic plate-like substrate 20 on which the sample 21 is placed.

The device operates as follows.

After appropriate preparation according to the requirements of GOST 22730-87, the studied textile sample 21 of the material with a fibrous structure is installed with one end slice in a fixed clamp 3, and the other end slice is placed in a conditionally movable clamp kinematically connected with the carriage 4 and comb 6.

After entering the initial data on the type and fiber composition of the sample into the processor by turning the handle 14, which punctures the sample material with needles 7 and partially inserts the needles into the non-metallic substrate 20, the processor 17 is ready to start measuring and assessing the degree of expandability of the textile material threads. After confirming the possibility of the start of the experiment, which is indicated by the processor, the operator turns on the MP motor gearbox and screw drive 2 for moving the movable clamp with the substrate 20 and the carriage 4 along the guides 8. The drive 2 through the kinematic links and elastic elements 9 moves the non-metallic substrate 20 and the carriage 4, in this case, the applied force is transmitted to the comb 6 with needles 7, which, moving, deform and extend the packet of threads of the sample of textile material.

The beginning of the movement and movement of the carriage 4 with a needle comb 6, as well as the tensile value of the elastic elements 9 are recorded by the optoelectronic elements 12 and the webcam 16. To ensure the necessary sensitivity of the measuring system, the webcam 16 has the possibility of vertical and horizontal movement on a tripod 15 and the supports of the bed 1. Information in pixels from the camera 16 is transmitted to the processor 17, which, in accordance with a pre-set calibration in pixels, determines the magnitude of the degree of separation of the system of threads d the action of comb 6 with needles 7 from the drive 2.

When moving the comb 6 with needles 7 by 2 mm, the magnitude of this movement is fixed and the applied force (P) is determined by calculation:

P = CX,

where C is the stiffness of the elastic element, X is the deformation (moving the boundary of the elastic element).

When moving the needle comb (reaching the extension value) by 2 mm, the force P and the index of the degree of extension (K) are determined:

. $$K=\frac{X}{P}\frac{mm}{H}$$

.

When K = 2, the processor 17 generates a stop command, which, through the microcontroller 18 and the interface unit 19, is supplied to the MP motor gearbox and helical gear 2, and at the same time provides information recording for the formation of an electronic database.

After stopping the drive 2, manually turning the carriage 4 to its original position and installing a new sample, the measurement cycle is repeated with the information recorded in the electronic database.

Claims (1)

A device for assessing the expandability of the yarns of textile materials, containing means for fixing and loading the test sample, means for measuring the magnitude of the loading and movement of the threads, characterized in that it is equipped with a processor, and as a means of loading, contains a gear motor configured to control the magnitude of the load, while means for measuring the magnitude of loading and moving the threads contain a movable carriage with a needle comb and are equipped with optically active elements and a web camera, ennymi to read the values of the loading and moving filaments and transferring them to a processor and which, via the microcontroller interface unit associated with the motor-reducer.

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