RU2518174C2 - Query-based method of measuring radial velocity and position of glonass global navigation system satellite and system for realising said method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics, navigation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to radio engineering and specifically to navigation measurement, and can be used in a ground-based control system of an orbiting group of navigation spacecraft. A ground-based control station comprises a driving generator 1, a shift register 2, a phase-shift modulator 3, heterodynes 4, 11 and 33, mixers 5, 12, 17, 34, 43 and 44, a first intermediate frequency amplifier 6, power amplifiers 7, 10, 41 and 42, a duplexer 8, a transceiving antenna 9, third intermediate frequency amplifiers 13, 35, 45 and 46, a phase doubler 14, a phase halver 15, narrow band-pass filters 16 and 18, a Doppler frequency metre 19, correlators 20, 36, 47 and 48, multipliers 21, 49 and 50, low-pass filters 22, 51 and 52, optimising peak-holding controllers 23, 53 and 54, controlled delay units 24, 55 and 56, a range indicator 26, a switch 38, receiving antennae 39 and 40, and the satellite has a transceiving antenna 26, a duplexer 27, power amplifiers 28 and 32, heterodynes 29 and 59, mixers 30 and 60, a second intermediate frequency amplifier 31, a third intermediate frequency amplifier 61, a correlator 62, a threshold unit 63 and a switch 64.

EFFECT: broader functional capabilities and high noise-immunity, reliability of duplex radio communication between a ground-based control station and a GLONASS navigation system satellite and accuracy of measuring radial velocity and position of said satellite.

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Description

The proposed method and device relates to the field of navigation measurements and can be used in the ground-based control complex for the orbital constellation of navigation spacecraft (NSC) when performing the ephemeris and time-frequency support of the NSC of the GLONASS global navigation system (GNS).

Known methods and devices for measuring the parameters of the motion of space objects (RF patents No. 3032915, 2082090, 2086918, 2087003, 2091711, 2195781, 2211460, 2309431, 2394255; US patents No. 4905009, 5179286, 6111536, 6140982, 6784787; French patent No. 2701769 ; EP patent No. 1022581; patent WO No. 0048132. 1. Shebshaevich BC, Dmitriev PP and others. Network satellite radio navigation systems. - M .: Radio and communications, 1982, S.111-116. 2. GLONASS. Principles construction and operation. / Under the editorship of A.I. Perov and V.N.Kharisov, 4th edition, revised and additional - M .: Radio engineering, 2010, 800 s and others).

Of the known methods and devices closest to the proposed are "Request method for measuring radial velocity and a system for its implementation" (RF patent No. 2309431, G01S 17/78, 2006), which are selected as prototypes.

The known method and device are used to ensure flight safety of aircraft, to control the proximity and docking of spacecraft.

However, well-known technical solutions can provide a measurement of the radial velocity and the distance from the satellite of the GLONASS navigation system to the ground control point. In addition, the receivers that make up the system that implements the proposed method are constructed according to a superheterodyne circuit in which the same value of the third intermediate frequency ω _pr3 can be obtained by receiving signals at the following frequencies: ω ₁ , ω ₂ , ω _З1 , ω _Z2 :

$$\begin{array}{cc}{\omega }_{PR3}={\omega }_{\mathrm{one}}-{\omega }_{G\mathrm{one}},& {\omega }_{PR3}={\omega }_{G2}-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="\omega "\; filenames="00000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\omega </figure-callout>}}_2,\\ {\omega }_{PR3}={\omega }_{G\mathrm{one}}-{\omega }_{3\mathrm{one}},& {\omega }_{PR3}={\omega }_{32}-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="\omega \; G"\; filenames="00000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\omega \; </figure-callout>}}_G.\end{array}$$

Therefore, if the tuning frequencies ω ₁ and ω _{2 are} taken as the main reception channels, then along with them there are mirror receiving channels, the frequencies of which ω _З1 and ω _З2 are located symmetrically (mirror) relative to the frequencies ω _Г1 and ω _{Г2 of the} local oscillators (Fig. 3 ) The conversion of the mirror channels of the reception occurs with the same conversion coefficient K _ol that the main channels. Therefore, mirror reception channels most significantly affect the selectivity and noise immunity of superheterodyne receivers.

In addition to mirrored, there are other additional (combination) reception channels.

In general terms, any combination receive channel takes place when the following conditions are met:

$$\begin{array}{c}{\omega }_{PR3}=|\; |\; |\pm m{\omega }_{\mathrm{to}i}\pm n{\omega }_{G\mathrm{one}}|\; |\; |,\\ {\omega }_{PR3}=|\; |\; |\pm m{\omega }_{\mathrm{to}i}\pm n{\omega }_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="G"\; filenames="00000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">G</figure-callout>}2}|\; |\; |,\end{array}$$

where ω _Ki is the frequency of the i-th Raman reception channel;

m, n, i are positive integers.

The most harmful combinational receiving channels are those generated by the interaction of the first harmonics of the signal frequencies with the harmonics of the frequencies of small local oscillators (second, third), since the sensitivity of the receivers on these channels is close to the sensitivity of the main channels.

So, four combination channels with m = 1 and n = 2 correspond to the frequency (figure 3):

$$\begin{array}{cc}{\omega }_{K\mathrm{one}}={\omega }_{G\mathrm{one}}-{\omega }_{PR3},& {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="\omega \; K"\; filenames="00000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\omega \; </figure-callout>}}_K=2{\omega }_{G2}-{\omega }_{PR3},\\ {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\omega \; K"\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\omega \; </figure-callout>}}_K={\omega }_{G2}-{\omega }_{PR3},& {\omega }_{K\mathrm{four}}=2{\omega }_{G2}-{\omega }_{PR3}.\end{array}$$

The presence of false signals (interference) received via additional channels leads to a decrease in noise immunity, reliability of duplex radio communication between the ground control point and the satellite of the GLONASS navigation system, as well as the accuracy of measuring the range and radial speed, azimuth and elevation angle of the navigation system satellite.

An object of the invention is to expand the functionality of known technical solutions and increase the noise immunity, reliability of duplex radio communication between a ground control point and a satellite of the GLONASS navigation system and the accuracy of measuring the radial speed and location of the satellite of the GLONASS navigation system by accurately and unambiguously measuring the azimuth and elevation angle of the navigation satellite and suppressing false signals (interference) received on additional channels.

The problem is solved in that the interrogation method for measuring the radial speed and location of the satellite of the GLONASS navigation system, which consists, in accordance with the closest analogue, in using two objects, while at the first object the interrogation signal at a frequency ω _{s is} manipulated in a 180 ° phase with a pseudo-random sequence maximum duration, thereby forming a complex signal with phase shift keying, converting it in frequency using the frequency ω _{G1 of the} first local oscillator, isolating the voltage of the first intermediate frequency ω _pr1 = ω _c + ω _G1 = ω ₁ , amplify it in power, radiate it at a frequency of ω ₁ = ω _pr1 , catch it with the relay of the second object, amplify it in power, convert it in frequency using the frequency ω _{G3 of the} third local oscillator, isolate the voltage of the second intermediate frequency ω _CR1 = ω _{CR1 -ω G3} = ω ₂ , amplify it by power, radiate it at the frequency ω ₂ = ω _CR2 , pick it up by the request unit of the first object, amplify it by power, convert it by frequency using the frequency ω _{G2 of the} second local oscillator, secrete the first voltage the third intermediate frequency ω _{D PR3} ± Ω = ω ₂ -ω _T2, multiply and divide it into two phase, is isolated harmonic oscillation at frequency ω _PR3 ± Ω _D, compare it with a frequency interrogation signal at frequency ω _s, the Doppler frequency ± isolated Ω _D and the magnitude and sign of the Doppler frequency determine the magnitude and direction of the radial velocity, at the same time a complex signal with phase manipulation at a frequency ω _{s is} passed through the first block of adjustable delay, multiplied by the first voltage of the third intermediate frequency, and the low-frequency tension, thereby forming the first correlation function R ₁ (τ), where τ is the current time delay, by varying the delay τ, the first correlation function R ₁ (τ) is maintained at the maximum level, the time delay τ _{З1 is} fixed between the request and relay signals and its the value determines the distance between the objects, differs from the closest analogue in that the ground control station is used as the first object, and the satellite of the GLONASS navigation system is used as the second object, while at the ground station e control received at a frequency of ω ₂ = ω _CR2 and a power-amplified signal is converted in frequency using the frequency ω _{G4 of the} fourth local oscillator, a second voltage of the third intermediate frequency ω _pr3 = ω ₂ -ω _{G4 is isolated} , it is multiplied with the first voltage of the third intermediate frequency, isolate a low-frequency voltage proportional to the second correlation function R ₂ (τ), compare it with a threshold voltage U _then and if it is exceeded, allow further processing of the received signal, capture the signal at a frequency of ω ₂ = ω _CR2 into two receiving antennas, amplify it in power, convert it in frequency using the frequency ω _{G2 of the} second local oscillator, isolate the third and fourth voltages of the third intermediate frequency ω _pr3 = ω _G2 -ω _2, respectively, multiply them with the first voltage of the third intermediate frequency passed through the second and third blocks of adjustable delay, select low-frequency voltage, thereby forming the third R ₃ (τ) and fourth R ₄ (τ) correlation functions, by varying the delay support the third R ₃ (τ) and the fourth R ₄ (τ) correlation functions at the maximum level, fix the delay time τ _З2 and τ _З3 between relayed signals and determine the azimuth and elevation angle of the satellite of the GLONASS navigation system by their value, and the frequencies ω _Г2 and ω _{Г4 of the} second and fourth local oscillators are separated by twice the value of the third intermediate frequency ω _Г2 -ω _G4 = 2ω _pr3 and choose symmetrical with respect to the frequency ω _{2 of the} received signal

ω ₂ = ω -ω _{T4 T2} = ω ₂ -ω _PR3,

the first transceiver and two receiving antennas are placed in the form of a geometric right angle, at the top of which the first transceiving antenna is placed, common for receiving antennas located in the azimuth and elevation planes, respectively, on the satellite of the GLONASS navigation system received at a frequency of ω ₁ = ω _pr1 and amplified by power, the signal is converted in frequency using the frequency ω _{G5 of the} fifth local oscillator, the fifth voltage of the third intermediate frequency ωpr ₃ = ω _G5 -ω _{1 is} isolated, it is multiplied with the voltage of the second industrial daily frequency, allocate a low-frequency voltage proportional to the fifth correlation function R ₅ (τ), compare it with a threshold voltage U _then and if it is exceeded, further processing of the received signal is allowed, and the frequencies ω _G3 and ω _{G5 of the} third and fifth local oscillators are carried to frequency ω ₁ received signal ω _Г5 -ω _Г3 = ω ₁ .

The problem is solved in that the system for measuring the radial speed and satellite location of the GLONASS navigation system, containing, in accordance with the closest analogue, two objects, the first object containing serially connected master oscillator, phase manipulator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the shift register , a first mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first local oscillator, an amplifier of the first intermediate frequency, a first power amplifier, a first duplexer, the input-output of which connected to the first transceiver antenna, a second power amplifier, a second mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator, and the first amplifier of the third intermediate frequency, a phase doubler in series, a phase divider into two, the first narrow-band filter, the fourth mixer, the second input of which is connected with the output of the master oscillator, a second narrow-band filter and a Doppler frequency meter, connected in series to the output of the phase manipulator, the first block of adjustable delay, the first a cutter, a first low-pass filter and a first extreme controller, the output of which is connected to the second input of the first adjustable delay unit, the range indicator is connected to the second input, the second object contains a third local oscillator in series, a third mixer, a second intermediate frequency amplifier, and a fourth amplifier in series power, a second duplexer, the input-output of which is connected to the second transceiver antenna, and a third power amplifier, the output of which is connected to the second input the third mixer, differs from the closest analogue in that it is equipped with fourth and fifth local oscillators, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth mixers, second, third, fourth and fifth amplifiers of the third intermediate frequency, second, third, fourth and fifth correlators, two threshold blocks , with two keys, second and third multipliers, second and third low-pass filters, second and third extreme controllers, two receiving antennas, fifth sixth power amplifiers, azimuth indicator, angle indicator places, and the fifth mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the fourth local oscillator, the second amplifier of the third intermediate frequency, the second correlator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first amplifier of the third intermediate frequency, the first threshold block and the first key, are connected in series to the output of the second power amplifier, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first amplifier, through the second block of adjustable delay connected to the output of the first key, the second low-pass filter and the second extreme control a generator, the output of which is connected to the second input of the second adjustable delay unit, whose azimuth indicator is connected to the second output, the sixth power amplifier, the seventh mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator, the fourth amplifier of the third intermediate frequency, are connected in series to the output of the second receiving antenna a third multiplier, the second input of which is connected through the third block of adjustable delay to the output of the first key, the third low-pass filter and the third extreme regulator for which it is connected to the second input of the third adjustable delay unit, the elevation indicator is connected to the second output of it, the eighth mixer is connected in series to the output of the third power amplifier, the second input of which is connected to the output of the fifth local oscillator, the fifth amplifier of the third intermediate frequency, the fifth correlator, the second input which is connected to the output of the amplifier of the second intermediate frequency, the second threshold unit and the second key, the second input of which is connected to the output of the amplifier of the second intermediate frequency, and the output is connected to the input of the fourth power amplifier, the ground control station is used as the first object, and the GLONASS navigation system satellite is used as the second object, the first transceiver antenna, the first and second receive antennas are placed in the form of a geometric right angle, at the top of which the first transceiver is placed an antenna common to the first and second receiving antennas located in the azimuthal and elevation planes, respectively.

The system that implements the proposed method contains a ground control point and a satellite of the GLONASS navigation system.

The structural diagram of the ground control point is presented in figure 1. The structural diagram of the satellite (repeater) of the GLONASS navigation system is presented in figure 2. Frequency diagrams illustrating the conversion of the signals shown in figure 3, 4 and 5.

 The relative position of the first transceiver antenna 9, the first 39 and the second 40 receiving antennas is shown in Fig.6.

The ground control station contains serially connected master oscillator 1, phase manipulator 3, the second input of which is connected to the output of shift register 2, the first mixer 5, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first local oscillator 4, amplifier 6 of the first intermediate frequency, first power amplifier 7, first a duplexer 8, the input-output of which is connected to the first transceiver antenna 9, the second power amplifier 10, the second mixer 12, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator 11, the first amplifier 13 of the third intermediate full frequency, the second correlator 36, the first threshold block 37, the first key 38, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first amplifier 13 of the third intermediate frequency, the first multiplier 21, the second input of which is connected through the first block 24 of the adjustable delay to the output of the phase manipulator 3, the first a low-pass filter 22 and a third extremal regulator 23, the output of which is connected to the second input of the first adjustable delay unit 24, to the second input of which a range indicator 25 is connected. A fifth mixer 34, the second input of which is connected to the output of the fourth local oscillator 33, and a second amplifier 35 of the third intermediate frequency, the output is connected to the second input of the second correlator 36, are connected in series to the output of the second power amplifier 10. A phase doubler 14 is connected in series to the output of the first key 38. a phase divider 15 into two, the first narrow-band filter 16, the fourth mixer 17, the second input of which is connected to the output of the master oscillator 1, the second narrow-band filter 18 and the Doppler frequency meter 19. A fifth power amplifier 41, a sixth mixer 43, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator 11, the third amplifier 45 of the third intermediate frequency, and the second multiplier 49, the second input of which is connected to the output through the second block 55 of adjustable delay, are connected in series to the output of the first receiving antenna 39 the first key 38, the second low-pass filter 51 and the second extreme controller 53, the output of which is connected to the second input of the adjustable delay unit 55, to the second output of which the azimuth indicator 57 is connected. The sixth power amplifier 42, the seventh mixer 44, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator 11, the fourth amplifier 46 of the third intermediate frequency, the third multiplier 50, the second input of which is connected to the output through the third block 56 of adjustable delay, are sequentially connected to the output of the second receiving antenna 40 the first key 38, the third low-pass filter 52 and the third extreme controller 54, the output of which is connected to the second input of the third adjustable delay unit 56, to the second output of which a pointer is connected 58 elevation angles.

The first multiplier 21, the first low-pass filter 22, the first extreme controller 23 and the first adjustable delay unit 24 form the first correlator 20.

The second multiplier 49, the second low-pass filter 51, the second extremal regulator 53, and the second adjustable delay unit 55 form a third correlator 47.

A third multiplier 50, a third low-pass filter 52, a third extremal regulator 54, and a third adjustable delay unit 56 form a fourth correlator 48.

The first transceiver antenna 9, the first 30 and the second 40 receive antennas are placed in the form of a geometric right angle, at the top of which is placed the first transceiver antenna 9, common to the receiving antennas 39 and 40 located in the azimuth and elevation planes, respectively.

The satellite (repeater) of the GLONASS navigation system contains a third local oscillator 29, a third mixer 30, a second intermediate frequency amplifier 31, a fifth correlator 62, a second threshold block 63, a second key 64, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second intermediate frequency amplifier, and a fourth amplifier 32 power, the second duplexer 27, the input-output of which is connected to the second transceiver antenna 26 and the third power amplifier 28, the output of which is connected to the second input of the third mixer 30. To the output of the third 28 Ithel power series connected eighth mixer 60, a second input coupled to an output of the fifth local oscillator 59, and the fifth amplifier 61 of the third intermediate frequency, the output of which is connected to the second input of the fifth correlator 62.

The proposed method is implemented by a system that operates as follows.

At the ground control point using a master oscillator 1, a high-frequency oscillation is formed

$$\begin{array}{cc}{u}_c(t)=U_c\cos ({\omega }_{c}t+{\varphi }_c),& 0\le t\le T_c\end{array}$$

where U _c , ω _s , φ _s , T _c - amplitude, carrier frequency, initial phase and duration of high-frequency oscillations,

which goes to the first input of the phase manipulator 3. The second input of the last is fed a pseudo-random sequence (PSP) of maximum duration M (t) from the output of shift register 2, covered by logical feedback. Feedback is carried out by adding modulo two output voltages of two or more stages and applying the resulting voltage to the input of the first stage. The repetition period (duration) of such a code sequence is n = 2 ⁿ -1, where n is the number of cascades of shift register 2.

The output of the phase manipulator 3 produces a complex signal with phase shift keying (PSK)

$$\begin{array}{cc}{u}_{c\mathrm{one}}^{\text{'}\text{'}}(t)=U_c\cos [{\omega }_{c}t+{\varphi }_k(t)+{\varphi }_c],& 0\le t\le T_c\end{array}$$

where φ _k (t) = {0, π} is the manipulated phase component that displays the phase manipulation law in accordance with the SRP M (t), and φ _к (t) = const for kτ _Э <t <(k + 1) τ _e , and can change abruptly at t = kτ _Oe , i.e. at the borders between elementary premises (k = 1, 2, ..., N);

τ _E , N is the duration and number of chips that make up the signal with a duration of T _s (T _c = τN).

This signal is fed to the first input of the first mixer 5, the second input of which is supplied with the voltage of the first local oscillator 4

$$u_{G\mathrm{one}}(t)=U_{G\mathrm{one}}\cos ({\omega }_{G\mathrm{one}}t+{\varphi }_{G\mathrm{one}})$$

At the output of the mixer 5, voltages of combination frequencies are generated. Amplifier 6 distinguishes the voltage of the first intermediate (total) frequency

, $$\begin{array}{cc}{u}_{PR\mathrm{one}}(t)=U_{PR\mathrm{one}}\cos [{\omega }_{PR\mathrm{one}}t+{\varphi }_k(t)+{\varphi }_{PR\mathrm{one}}],& 0\le t\le T_c\end{array}$$

,

;Where $$U_{PR\mathrm{one}}=\frac{\mathrm{one}}{2}{U}_c{U}_{G\mathrm{one}}$$

;

ω _CR1 = ω ₁ + ω _G1 = ω ₁ - the first intermediate (total) frequency;

φ _CR1 = φ _s + φ _G1,

which, after amplification in the first power amplifier 7 through the duplexer 8, enters the first transceiver antenna 9, is broadcast by it at a frequency ω _{1, is} captured by the second transceiver antenna 26 of the GLONASS navigation system satellite and through the duplexer 27 and the third power amplifier 28 is supplied to the first inputs of the third 30 and eighth mixers, the second inputs of which are supplied with the voltage of the third 29 and fifth 59 local oscillators, respectively:

, $$u_{G3}(t)={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="U\; G"\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U\; </figure-callout>}}_G\cos ({\omega }_{G3}t+{\varphi }_{G3})$$

,

, $$u_{G5}(t)=U_{G5}\cos ({\omega }_{G5}t+{\varphi }_{G5})$$

,

the frequencies ω and ω _{T3 T5} oscillators 29 and 59 are spaced at the frequency ω ₁ = ω _pr1 received signal ω -ω _{T3 T5} = ω ₁ = ω _pr1.

At the output of the mixers 30 and 30, voltages of the second and third intermediate frequencies are formed:

, $$u_{PR2}(t)={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="U\; P\; R"\; filenames="00000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U\; </figure-callout>}}_{PR}\cos [{\omega }_{PR2}t+{\varphi }_k(t)+{\varphi }_{PR2}]$$

,

, $$\begin{array}{cc}{u}_{PR3}(t)={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="U\; P\; R"\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U\; </figure-callout>}}_{PR}\cos [{\omega }_{PR3}t+{\varphi }_k(t)+{\varphi }_{PR3}]& 0\le t\le T_c\end{array}$$

,

Where $$\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="U\; P\; R"\; filenames="00000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U\; </figure-callout>}}_{PR}=\frac{\mathrm{one}}{2}{U}_{PR\mathrm{one}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="U\; G"\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U\; </figure-callout>}}_G;\\ {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="U\; P\; R"\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U\; </figure-callout>}}_{PR}=\frac{\mathrm{one}}{2}{U}_{PR\mathrm{one}}{U}_{G5};\end{array}$$

ω _pr3 = ω _{pr1 -ω G3} = ω _{G5 -ω pr1} = ω ₂ - the third intermediate (difference) frequency,

φ _pr2 = φ _pr1 -φ _G3 , φ _pr3 = φ _G5 -φ _pr1 .

These voltages are extracted by amplifiers 31 and 61 of the second and third intermediate frequencies and fed to the two inputs of the fifth correlator 62, the output of which produces a low-frequency voltage proportional to the fifth correlation function R ₅ (τ). Since the channel voltages U _CR2 (t) and U _CR3 (t) are formed by the same QPSK signal received on the main channel at a frequency of ω _2, there is a strong correlation between the channel voltages. The output voltage of the correlator 62 reaches its maximum value and exceeds the threshold voltage U _then in the threshold block 63. The threshold level U _{then is} exceeded only at the maximum value of the output voltage of the correlator 62. It should also be noted that the correlation function R ₅ (t) of complex PSK signals has a remarkable property: it has a significant main lobe and a low level of side lobes. When the threshold level U _pores is exceeded, a constant voltage is generated in the threshold block 63, which is supplied to the control input of the key 64 and opens it. In the initial state, the key 64 is always closed. The voltage of the second intermediate frequency U _CR2 (t) with the output of the amplifier 31 of the second intermediate frequency through the public key 64, the power amplifier 32 and the duplexer 27 enters the transceiver antenna 26, is radiated by it at a frequency ω ₂ = ω _CR2 and is captured by the antennas 9 , 39 and 40, respectively.

, $$u_{\mathrm{one}}(t)=U_{\mathrm{one}}\cos [({\omega }_{PR2}t\pm {\Omega }_D)(t-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\tau "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\tau </figure-callout>}}_{3\mathrm{one}})+{\varphi }_k(t-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\tau "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\tau </figure-callout>}}_{3\mathrm{one}})+{\varphi }_{PR2}]$$

,

, $$u_2(t)={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="U"\; filenames="00000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U</figure-callout>}}_2\cos [({\omega }_{PR2}t\pm {\Omega }_D)(t-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\tau "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\tau </figure-callout>}}_{32})+{\varphi }_k(t-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\tau "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\tau </figure-callout>}}_{32})+{\varphi }_{PR2}]$$

,

, $$u_3(t)={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="U"\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U</figure-callout>}}_3\cos [({\omega }_{PR2}t\pm {\Omega }_D)(t-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\tau "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\tau </figure-callout>}}_{33})+{\varphi }_k(t-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\tau "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\tau </figure-callout>}}_{33})+{\varphi }_{PR3}]$$

,

where ± Ω _D - Doppler frequency shift,

- время запаздывания ретранслированного сигнала относительно запросного; $${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\tau "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\tau </figure-callout>}}_{3\mathrm{one}}=\frac{2R}{c}$$

- the delay time of the relay signal relative to the request;

R is the distance from the ground control point to the satellite of the GLONASS navigation system,

C is the propagation velocity of radio waves,

τ _Z2 = t ₁ -t ₂ ;

τ ₃ = t ₁ -t ₃ ;

t ₁ , t ₂ , t ₃ - transit time of the relayed signal from the satellite to antennas 9, 39 and 40, respectively.

These signals from the output of the antennas 9, 39 and 40 through the duplexer 8, power amplifiers 10, 41 and 42 are fed to the first inputs of the mixers 12, 34, 43 and 44, the second inputs of which are supplied with the local oscillator voltages 11 and 33:

$$u_{G2}(t)={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="U\; G"\; filenames="00000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U\; </figure-callout>}}_G\cos ({\omega }_{G2}t+{\varphi }_{G2})$$

$$u_{G\mathrm{four}}(t)=U_{G\mathrm{four}}\cos ({\omega }_{G\mathrm{four}}t+{\varphi }_{G\mathrm{four}})$$

Moreover, the frequency ω and _F2 ω _T4 oscillators spaced apart by twice the value of the third intermediate frequency ω -ω _{T2 T4} = 2ω _PR3 and symmetrical with respect to selected frequency ω ₂ = ω ω _np2 received signal _T2 -ω ₂ = ω ₂ = ω -ω _{T4 PR3.} This circumstance leads to an increase in the number of additional receiving channels, but creates favorable conditions for their suppression due to the correlation processing of channel voltages.

At the output of the mixers 12, 34, 43 and 44, the voltages of the combination frequencies are generated. Amplifiers 13, 35, 45 and 46 distinguish the voltage of the third intermediate (difference) frequency:

$$u_{PR\mathrm{four}}(t)=U_{PR\mathrm{four}}\cos [({\omega }_{PR3}t\pm {\Omega }_D)(t-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\tau "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\tau </figure-callout>}}_{3\mathrm{one}})+{\varphi }_k(t-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\tau "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\tau </figure-callout>}}_{3\mathrm{one}})+{\varphi }_{PR3}]$$

$$u_{PR5}(t)=U_{PR5}\cos [({\omega }_{PR3}t\pm {\Omega }_D)(t-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\tau "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\tau </figure-callout>}}_{3\mathrm{one}})+{\varphi }_k(t-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\tau "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\tau </figure-callout>}}_{3\mathrm{one}})+{\varphi }_{PR\mathrm{four}}]$$

, $$u_{PR6}(t)=U_{PR6}\cos [({\omega }_{PR3}t\pm {\Omega }_D)(t-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\tau "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\tau </figure-callout>}}_{32})+{\varphi }_k(t-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\tau "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\tau </figure-callout>}}_{32})+{\varphi }_{PR3}]$$

,

$$\begin{array}{cc}{u}_{PR7}(t)=U_{PR7}\cos [({\omega }_{PR3}t\pm {\Omega }_D)(t-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\tau "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\tau </figure-callout>}}_{33})+{\varphi }_k(t-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\tau "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\tau </figure-callout>}}_{33})+{\varphi }_{PR3}]& 0\le t\le T_c\end{array}$$

Where $$U_{PR\mathrm{four}}=\frac{\mathrm{one}}{2}{U}_{\mathrm{one}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="U\; G"\; filenames="00000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U\; </figure-callout>}}_G$$

$$U_{PR5}=\frac{\mathrm{one}}{2}{U}_{\mathrm{one}}{U}_{G\mathrm{four}}$$

$$U_{PR6}=\frac{\mathrm{one}}{2}{U}_2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="U\; G"\; filenames="00000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U\; </figure-callout>}}_G$$

$$U_{PR7}=\frac{\mathrm{one}}{2}{U}_3{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="U\; G"\; filenames="00000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U\; </figure-callout>}}_G$$

_PR3 ω = ω ₂ -ω _T2 = ω ₂ -ω _T4 = ω _s - third intermediate (difference) frequency;

φ _pr3 = φ _Г2 -φ _pr2 ; φ _pr4 = φ _pr2 -φ _G4 .

Voltages U _CR4 (t) and U _CR5 (t) from the output of amplifiers 13 and 35 of the third intermediate frequency are supplied to two inputs of the second correlator 36, the output of which is allocated a low-frequency voltage proportional to the second correlation function R ₂ (τ). Since the channel voltages u _CR4 (t) and u _CR5 (t) are formed by the same complex QPSK signal received on the main channel at a frequency of ω ₂ , there is a strong correlation between the channel voltages. The output voltage of the correlator 36 reaches a maximum value and exceeds the threshold voltage U _then in the threshold block 37. In the latter, a constant voltage is generated, which is applied to the control input of the key 38 and opens it. In the initial state, key 38 is always closed. The voltage u _CR4 (t) from the output of the amplifier 13 of the third intermediate frequency through the public key 38 is supplied to the first input of the first multiplier 21, to the input of the doubler 14 of the phase, to the first inputs of the second 55 and third 56 blocks of adjustable delay.

At the output of the phase doubler 14, which can be used as a multiplier, the two inputs of which are supplied with the same voltage U _CR4 (t), a harmonic oscillation is formed

$$\begin{array}{cc}{u}_{\mathrm{four}}(t)=U_{\mathrm{four}}\cos [({\omega }_{PR3}t\pm {\Omega }_D)(t-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\tau "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\tau </figure-callout>}}_{3\mathrm{one}})+2{\varphi }_{PR3}]& 0\le t\le T_c\end{array}$$

,Where $$U_{\mathrm{four}}=\frac{\mathrm{one}}{2}{U}_{PR\mathrm{four}}^2$$

,

in which phase manipulation is already absent, since 2φ _k (t-τ _З1 ) = {0.2π}.

The width of the spectrum Δf _{c of the} complex QPSK signal is determined by the duration τ _{E of} its elementary premises Δf _c = 1 / τ _E,

while the width of the spectrum Δf _{2 of} its second harmonic is determined by the signal duration T _c and is equal to Δf ₂ = 1 / T _s .

Therefore, when the phase of a complex QPSK signal is doubled, its spectrum collapses N times

$$N\frac{\Delta f_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="c\; \Delta \; f"\; filenames="00000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c\; </figure-callout>}}}{\Delta f_{}}$$

This oscillation is fed to the input of the phase divider 15 into two, at the output of which a harmonic oscillation is formed

$$\begin{array}{cc}{u}_5(t)=U_5\cos [({\omega }_{PR3}t\pm {\Omega }_D)(t-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\tau "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\tau </figure-callout>}}_{3\mathrm{one}})+2{\varphi }_{PR3}]& 0\le t\le T_c\end{array}$$

which is allocated by the first narrow-band filter 16 and fed to the first input of the fourth mixer 17. At the second input of the last, a request signal u _c (t) is supplied from the output of the master oscillator 1. The output of the mixer 17 generates the voltage of the combination frequencies. The second narrow-band filter 18 is allocated voltage Doppler frequency

$$\begin{array}{cc}{u}_6(t)=U_6\cos [(\pm {\Omega }_{D}t+2{\varphi }_6]& 0\le t\le T_c\end{array}$$

;Where $$U_6=\frac{\mathrm{one}}{2}{U}_c{U}_5$$

;

φ ₆ = φ _with -φ _pr3 .

This voltage is supplied to the input of the meter 19 Doppler frequency, which provides a measurement of the Doppler frequency ± Ω _D. Moreover, the magnitude and sign of the Doppler frequency determine the magnitude and direction of the radial velocity of the satellite of the GLONASS navigation system.

At the same time, the first voltage of the third intermediate frequency U _CR4 (t) from the output of the first amplifier 13 of the third intermediate frequency through the public key 38 is fed to the first input of the multiplier 21, to the second input of which through the first block 24 of the adjustable delay from the output of the phase manipulator 3 a complex QPSK signal is supplied u _c1 (t). The voltage obtained at the output of the multiplier 21 is passed through the first low-pass filter 22, at the output of which the first correlation function R ₁ (τ) is formed, where τ is the current time delay. The first extreme controller 23, designed to maintain the maximum value of the first correlation function R ₁ (τ) and connected to the output of the first low-pass filter 22, acts on the control input of the first adjustable delay unit 24 and maintains the delay τ introduced by it equal to τ _З1 (τ = τ _S1 ), which corresponds to the maximum value of the first correlation function R ₁ (τ). Range indicator 25, associated with the scale of the first adjustable delay unit 24, allows you to directly read the measured range D from the ground control point to the satellite of the GLONASS navigation system

$$D=\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="c\; \tau "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c\; </figure-callout>}{\tau }_{}{}_{3\mathrm{one}}}{2}$$

Therefore, the task of measuring the specified range D is reduced to measuring the time delay of the relay signal relative to the request.

Voltages u _CR6 (t) and u _CR7 (t) from the output of amplifiers 45 and 46 of the third intermediate frequency are supplied to the first inputs of the multipliers 49 and 50, respectively, and voltage u _CR4 (t) to the second inputs of the switch 38. In this case, the scales of the second 55 and third 56 blocks of adjustable delay are graded directly in the values of the angular coordinates

$$\alpha =\arccos \frac{c{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\tau "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\tau </figure-callout>}}_{32}}{d_{\mathrm{one}}}$$

$$\beta =\arccos \frac{c{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\tau "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\tau </figure-callout>}}_{33}}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="d"\; filenames="00000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">d</figure-callout>}}_2}$$

where α, β are the azimuth and elevation angle of the satellite of the GLONASS navigation system;

C is the propagation velocity of radio waves;

τ _Z2 = t ₁ -t ₂ ; τ ₃ = t ₁ -t ₃ ;

t ₁ , t ₂ , t ₃ - transit time of the relayed signal from the satellite to antennas 9, 39 and 40, respectively.

The values of α and β are fixed by the azimuth 57 and elevation 58.

The operation of the system described above corresponds to the case of receiving useful PSK signals through the main channels at frequencies ω ₁ and ω ₂ (Figs. 4, 5).

If a false signal (interference) is received on the second mirror channel at a frequency ω _З2 (Fig. 4)

$$\begin{array}{cc}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="u"\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">u</figure-callout>}}_{32}(t)={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="U"\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U</figure-callout>}}_{32}\cos ({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\omega "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\omega </figure-callout>}}_{32}t+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\phi "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\varphi </figure-callout>}}_{32}),& 0\le t\le {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="T"\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_{32}\end{array}$$

the amplifiers 13 and 35 distinguish the following voltages:

$$u_{PR8}(t)={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="8"\; label="U\; P\; R"\; filenames="00000054.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U\; </figure-callout>}}_{PR}\cos ({\omega }_{PR3}t+{\varphi }_{PR8})$$

$$\begin{array}{cc}{u}_{PR9}(t)={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="9"\; label="U\; P\; R"\; filenames="00000054.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U\; </figure-callout>}}_{PR}\cos ({\omega }_{PR3}t+{\varphi }_{PR9}),& 0\le t\le {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="T"\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_{3\mathrm{one}}\end{array}$$

;Where $${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="8"\; label="U\; P\; R"\; filenames="00000054.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U\; </figure-callout>}}_{PR}=\frac{\mathrm{one}}{2}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="U"\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U</figure-callout>}}_{32}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="U\; G"\; filenames="00000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U\; </figure-callout>}}_G$$

;

$${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="9"\; label="U\; P\; R"\; filenames="00000054.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U\; </figure-callout>}}_{PR}=\frac{\mathrm{one}}{2}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="U"\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U</figure-callout>}}_{32}{U}_{G\mathrm{four}}$$

ω _CR3 = ω _Z2- ω _G2 is the third intermediate frequency;

3ω _PR3 = ω _P2 -ω _T4 - three times the value of the third intermediate frequencies;

φ _pr8 = φ _З2 -φ _Г2 ; _pr9 cp = φ _P2 -φ _T4.

However, only the voltage u _pr8 (t) falls into the passband of the amplifier 13 of the third intermediate frequency.

The output voltage of the correlator 36 is zero. The key 38 does not open and a false signal (interference) u _З2 (1), received on the second mirror channel at a frequency ω _З2 , is suppressed.

If a false signal (interference) received on the third mirror channel at a frequency ω _З3

$$\begin{array}{cc}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="u"\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">u</figure-callout>}}_{33}(t)={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="U"\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U</figure-callout>}}_{33}\cos ({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\omega "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\omega </figure-callout>}}_{33}t+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="\phi "\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\varphi </figure-callout>}}_{33}),& 0\le t\le {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="T"\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_{33}\end{array}$$

the amplifiers 13 and 35 distinguish the following voltages:

$$u_{PR10}(t)=U_{PR10}\cos ({\omega }_{PR3}t+{\varphi }_{PR10})$$

$$\begin{array}{cc}{u}_{PR\mathrm{eleven}}(t)=U_{PR\mathrm{eleven}}\cos ({\omega }_{PR3}t+{\varphi }_{PR\mathrm{eleven}}),& 0\le t\le {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="T"\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_{33}\end{array}$$

;Where $$U_{PR10}=\frac{\mathrm{one}}{2}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="U"\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U</figure-callout>}}_{33}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="U\; G"\; filenames="00000052.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U\; </figure-callout>}}_G$$

;

$$U_{PR\mathrm{eleven}}=\frac{\mathrm{one}}{2}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="U"\; filenames="00000052.png,00000053.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U</figure-callout>}}_{33}{U}_{G\mathrm{four}}$$

3ω _pr3 = ω _{Г2 -ω З3} - tripled value of the third intermediate frequency;

ω _CR3 = ω _G4- ω _Z3 is the third intermediate frequency;

φ _pr10 = φ _Г2 -φ _З3 ; _pr11 cp = φ -φ _{G4 P3.}

However, only the voltage u _pr11 (t) falls into the passband of the amplifier 35 of the third intermediate frequency. The output voltage of the correlator 36 is also zero. The key 38 does not open and a false signal (interference) u _s3 (t), received on the third mirror channel at a frequency ω _S3 , is suppressed.

For a similar reason, false signals (interference) received on the third combination channel ω _k3 or the fourth combination channel ω _k4 or on any other combination channel are suppressed. If false signals (interference) are simultaneously received on the second ω _З2 and third ω _З3 mirror channels, the amplifiers 13 and 35 of the third intermediate frequency are allocated voltage

, $$u_{PR8}(t)={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="8"\; label="U\; P\; R"\; filenames="00000054.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U\; </figure-callout>}}_{PR}\cos ({\omega }_{PR3}t+{\varphi }_{PR8})$$

,

, $$u_{PR\mathrm{eleven}}(t)=U_{PR\mathrm{eleven}}\cos ({\omega }_{PR3}t+{\varphi }_{PR\mathrm{eleven}})$$

,

which go to the two inputs of the correlator 36. At the output of the latter, a voltage is generated that does not reach the maximum value and does not exceed the threshold voltage in the threshold unit 37. The key 38 does not open and false signals (interference), simultaneously received on the second ω _З2 and third ω _З3 mirror channels are suppressed. This is because the channel voltages u _pr8 (t) and u _pr11 (t) are formed by different false signals (interference) u _З2 (t) and u _З3 (t) received at different frequencies ω _З2 and ω _З3 . Therefore, there is a weak correlation between them and the voltage of the correlator 36 does not reach the maximum value and does not exceed the threshold level U of the _pores in the threshold block 37. In addition, the correlation function R (τ) of the false signals (interference) does not have a pronounced main lobe.

False signals (interference) received simultaneously via other additional channels are likewise suppressed.

Thus, the proposed method and system, in comparison with the basic objects, provides measurement not only of the radial speed and range of the satellite of the GLONASS navigation system, but also its angular coordinates (azimuth and elevation angle), i.e. the location of the satellite of the GLONASS navigation system relative to the ground control point. In this case, the first transceiver and two receiving antennas are placed in the form of a geometric right angle, at the top of which the first transceiving antenna is placed, common to the first and second receiving antennas located in the azimuth and elevation planes, respectively. Moreover, to increase the accuracy of direction finding of the satellite of the GLONASS navigation system, the relative size of the measuring bases d ₁ / λ and d ₂ / λ is increased, and the resulting ambiguity is eliminated by correlation processing of the signals received by the indicated antennas. The location of receiving antennas in the form of a geometric right angle is a new principle of phase direction finding of radio emission sources, which has several advantages over the existing phase direction finding method.

The use of additional local oscillators, the frequencies of which are selected in a certain way, increase the number of additional receiving channels, but at the same time create favorable conditions for their suppression due to the correlation processing of channel voltages.

The use of correlators with an adjustable time delay provides not only the measurement of the radial speed and location of the satellite of the GLONASS navigation system, but also its tracking when moving relative to the ground control point.

The use of the duplex radio communication method using two frequencies and complex PSK signals provides frequency isolation and increases the noise immunity of the radio channel. The main advantage of the used duplex measurement method is that it excludes the influence of the atmosphere during the passage of the radio signal. Therefore, the accuracy of the measurement mainly depends on the parameters of the onboard repeater, the type of request signal used and its time delays in the transmission and reception equipment.

Complex QPSK signals have high noise immunity, energy and structural secrecy. The energy secrecy of these signals is due to their high compressibility in time and spectrum with optimal processing, which reduces the instantaneous radiated power.

As a result, a complex QPSK signal at the receiving point may be masked by noise and interference. Moreover, the energy of a complex QPSK signal is by no means small; it is simply distributed over the time-frequency domain so that at each point of this region the signal power is less than the power of noise and interference.

The structural secrecy of complex QPSK signals is due to the wide variety of their shapes and significant ranges of parameter changes, which makes it difficult to optimize or at least quasi-optimal processing of complex QPSK signals of an a priori unknown structure in order to increase the sensitivity of the receiver.

Complex QPSK signals allow the use of a new type of selection — structural selection. This means that it becomes possible to separate signals operating in the same frequency band and at the same time intervals.

Thus, the functionality of known technical solutions is expanded.

Claims (2)

1. A request method for measuring the radial speed and satellite position of the GLONASS navigation system, which consists in using two objects, while at the first object, the request signal at a frequency ω _{s is} manipulated by a 180 ° phase with a pseudorandom subsequent maximum duration, thereby forming a complex signal with phase manipulation , it is converted in frequency by using frequency ω _r1 of the first local oscillator is isolated voltage of the first intermediate frequency _pr1 ω = ω _c + ω ₁ = ω _r1, increase its power emit in ether n frequency ω ₁ = ω _pr1, catch repeater second object, increase in power is converted in frequency by using frequency ω LO third _G3, is isolated voltage of the second intermediate frequency ω = ω _{np2 pr1 G1} = ω -ω _2, increase of power emit ether at a frequency of ω ₂ = ω _pr2 , is caught by the request unit of the first object, amplified by power, converted by frequency using the frequency ω _{G2 of the} second local oscillator, the first voltage of the third intermediate frequency is isolated
ω _pr3 ± 'Ω _D = ω _G2 -ω ₂ , multiply and divide it in phase by two, isolate harmonic oscillation at a frequency ω _pr3 ±' Ω _D , compare it in frequency with the interrogation signal at a frequency of ω _s , isolate the Doppler frequency ± 'Ω _D and the magnitude and sign of the Doppler frequency determine the magnitude and direction of the radial velocity, at the same time a complex signal with phase manipulation at a frequency ω _{s is} passed through the first block of adjustable delay, multiplied by the first voltage of the third intermediate frequency, the low-frequency voltage is isolated, forming those m the very first correlation function R ₁ (τ), where τ is the current time delay, by varying the delay τ, the first correlation function R ₁ (τ) is maintained at the maximum level, the time delay τ _З between the request and relay signal is fixed and the distance is determined by its value between objects, characterized in that the ground control point is used as the first object, and the satellite of the GLONASS navigation system is used as the second object, while at the ground control point taken at a frequency of ω ₂ = ω _pr2 and the power-amplified signal is frequency-converted using the frequency ω _{Г4 of the} fourth local oscillator, a second voltage of the third intermediate frequency is _extracted ω _pr3 ± 'Ω _D = ω ₂ -ω _G4 , it is multiplied with the first voltage of the third intermediate frequency, a low-frequency voltage proportional to the second correlation function R ₂ (τ), it is compared with a first voltage U _pores and in case of exceeding permit further processing of the received signal at the frequency of the combining signal ω ₂ = ω _np2 two receiving antennas amplify e of the power is converted in frequency by using frequency ω _r2 of the second local oscillator is isolated third and fourth voltage third intermediate frequency _PR3 ω = ω ₂ -ω _T2 respectively multiply them with the first voltage of the third intermediate frequency, passed through the second and third adjustable delay blocks , isolate low-frequency voltages, thereby forming the third R ₃ (τ) and fourth R ₄ (τ) correlation functions, by varying the time delay support the third R ₃ (τ) and fourth R ₄ (τ) correlation functions at the maximum ur On the other hand, the delay time τ _З2 and τ _З3 between the relayed signals is _fixed and the azimuth and elevation angle of the satellite of the GLONASS navigation system are determined by their values, and the frequencies ω _Г2 and ω _{Г4 of the} second and fourth local oscillators are separated by twice the value of the third intermediate frequency ω _Г2 -ω _Г4 = 2ω and _PR3 are selected symmetrically relative to the frequency of the received signal ω ₂ ω ₂ -ω _{T2 T4} = ω ₂ = ω -ω _PR3, a first transceiver and two receiving antennas arranged in a geometric right angle, the vertex of which is placed a first transceiver and tennu common to the reception antennas, placed in the azimuth and elevation planes, respectively, on the satellite navigation system GLONASS received at the frequency ω ₁ = ω _pr1 and the amplified power signal is converted in frequency by using frequency ω _T5 fifth LO isolated fifth voltage of the third intermediate frequency ω _CR3 = ω _G5 -ω ₁ , multiply it with the voltage of the second intermediate frequency, select a low-frequency voltage proportional to the fifth correlation function R ₅ (τ), compare it with the threshold voltage U _then and if it is exceeded, further processing of the received signal is allowed, and the frequencies ω _G3 and ω _{G5 of the} third and fifth local oscillators are spaced apart by the frequency ω _{1 of the} received signal ω _G5 -ω _G3 = ω ₁ . 2. A system for measuring the radial velocity and satellite position of the GLONASS navigation system, containing two objects, the first object containing a serially connected master oscillator, a phase manipulator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the shift register, the first amplifier, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first the local oscillator, the amplifier of the first intermediate frequency, the first power amplifier, the first duplexer, the input-output of which is connected to the first transceiver antenna, the second power amplifier, W a swarm mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator, and a first amplifier of the third intermediate frequency, a phase doubler in series, a phase divider into two, a first narrow-band filter, a fourth mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the master oscillator, a second narrow-band filter and meter Doppler frequencies, serially connected to the output of the phase manipulator, the first adjustable delay unit, the first multiplier, the first low-pass filter and the first extreme controller, in the output of which is connected to the second input of the first adjustable delay unit, the range indicator is connected to the second output, the second object contains the third local oscillator, the third mixer and the second intermediate frequency amplifier, the fourth power amplifier, the second duplexer, the input-output of which is connected to a second transceiver antenna, and a third power amplifier, the output of which is connected to the second input of the third mixer, characterized in that it is equipped with a fourth and fifth heterodyne oscillators, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth mixers, second, third, fourth and fifth amplifiers of the third intermediate frequency, second, third, fourth and fifth correlators, two threshold blocks, two keys, second and third multipliers, second and third lower filters frequencies, the second and third extreme controllers, two receiving antennas, fifth and sixth power amplifiers, azimuth indicator, elevation indicator, and the fifth mixture is connected in series to the output of the second power amplifier the second input of which is connected to the output of the fourth local oscillator, the second amplifier of the third intermediate frequency, the second correlator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first amplifier of the third intermediate frequency, the first threshold block and the first key, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first amplifier of the third intermediate frequency and the output is connected to the input of the phase doubler and to the second input of the first multiplier, the fifth power amplifier, the sixth mixer, W are connected in series to the output of the first receiving antenna the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator, the third amplifier of the third intermediate frequency, the second multiplier, the second input of which is connected through the second block of adjustable delay to the output of the first key, the second low-pass filter and the second extreme regulator, the output of which is connected to the second input of the second block of adjustable delays, to the second output of which the azimuth indicator is connected, the sixth power amplifier, the seventh mixer, the second input of the cat are connected in series to the output of the second receiving antenna the fourth amplifier of the third intermediate frequency, the third multiplier, the second input of which is connected through the third block of the adjustable delay to the output of the first key, the third low-pass filter and the third extreme regulator, the output of which is connected to the second input of the third block of the adjustable delay, to the second output of which the elevation indicator is connected, the eighth mixer is connected in series to the output of the third power amplifier, the second input of which is connected to the output of the heel the local oscillator, the fifth amplifier of the third intermediate frequency, the fifth correlator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the amplifier of the second intermediate frequency, the second threshold block and the second key, the second input of which is connected to the output of the amplifier of the second intermediate frequency, and the output is connected to the input of the fourth power amplifier, the ground control station was used as the first object, and the satellite of the GLONASS navigation system, the first transceiver antenna, the first and second receiving antennas were used as the second object enny placed as geometric right angle, the vertex of which is placed the first transceiver antenna common to the first and second receiving antennas disposed in the azimuth and elevation planes respectively.

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