RU2517363C2 - Airborne antenna feeder system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering, communication.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to radio engineering and specifically to antenna equipment, designed to service on-board radio equipment for short-range navigation and landing aircraft in the ultra-high frequency range. The airborne antenna feeder system comprises transceiving antennae with corresponding beam patterns, connected to each other by a feeder system which includes amplifiers, radiofrequency feeders connected to the on-board radio equipment, wherein the transceiving antennae are mounted on the front and rear edges of the left-side and right-side wings of the aircraft and have weakly directional beam patterns that are mirror symmetric relative to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the aircraft, wherein the antennae are designed to be mounted on an object such that the beam patterns of adjacent antennae in the horizontal plane overlap at a level which provides a stable radio link, wherein the output of each antenna is connected to the radio signal carrier frequency-independent input of the served radio equipment, in which there is a device for selecting and turning on a combination of operating antennae, which facilitates processing of radio signals received by the operating antennae and generation of a resultant received information signal, frequency division of transmission and reception signals, alternate turning on of one or two operating antennae during signal transmission.

EFFECT: providing stable operation of on-board equipment for short-range navigation and landing aircraft with circular scanning of space with horizontal polarisation of operating signal.

3 dwg

Description

The proposed aircraft antenna-feeder system (AFS) relates to the field of radio engineering, in particular to antenna technology, and is intended for servicing on-board radio equipment for near navigation and landing in the decimeter wavelength range.

The need to create the proposed AFS is due to the requirements: to provide a circular view of the space when placing antennas working with horizontal polarization of the field on an airplane, to ensure stable operation in areas of overlapping radiation patterns, used antennas, that is, in interference zones, to ensure stable operation in the "Landing" mode in in the absence of the ability to place antennas in the nose of the fuselage of the aircraft, the need to ensure work on widely spaced antennas, on the leading edge of the aircraft wing

Well-known analogues of the proposed technical solutions are:

Antenna with a circular pattern in the azimuthal plane of RU 2177661 C1, decl. 08/08/2000, containing two strips made in parallel planes, the width of the first and second strips, respectively, varies along the antenna according to a quasiperiodic law. The strips are shifted relative to each other along the antenna for half a period. The disadvantage of this analogue is that when placing the antenna on an airplane, the radiation pattern due to the re-reflecting parts of the airplane does not provide a circular view of the space.

Multifunctional structurally integrated VHF / UHF antenna system of an aircraft RU 2134002 C1, declared 08/12/1997, containing the antenna element, the conductive part of the aircraft structure, configured to function as a radiating and receiving component of the antenna system and matching the impedance with the transceiver equipment, matching electronic devices for connecting the antenna system to the transceiver, and the antenna excitation circuit when transmitting signals from the antenna element and the conductive part of the aircraft structure.

A feature of this analogue is the ability to ensure the operation of radio equipment in the high and very high frequency ranges, the disadvantage of this technical solution is the inability to provide a circular view of the space when using the electrically conductive part of the aircraft structure as a radiating element in the decimeter frequency range.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed technical solution is the antenna-feeder device of a spacecraft (KLA), RU 2276434 C1, stated 08/20/2004, selected as a prototype, containing antennas placed diametrically opposed to the outer perimeter of the KLA enclosure, interconnected by a feeder power system including radio-frequency feeders and power dividers connected to the on-board radio system, each of the antennas having an axisymmetric varono diagram directivity, the opening angle of which is regulated by the flight path of the spacecraft, the axial minimum directions of the antenna radiation pattern are aligned with the central the board of the sector of communication angles with the involved ground measuring station, and in the immediate vicinity of the antennas, amplifiers are installed and included in the feeder power system.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that the stable connection with the involved ground station is regulated by the flight path of the spacecraft, and in the areas of mutual overlap of the radiation patterns of the antennas used, the existence of an interference zone — a zone of zero reception — is inevitable.

The objective of the invention is to ensure the stable operation of aircraft radio equipment: with a circular view of the space with horizontal polarization of the working signal, including in areas of mutual overlap of the radiation patterns of the antennas used, and the same in the "Landing" mode when working on wide-spaced antennas.

This problem is achieved by the fact that the transceiver antennas are located on the front, rear edges of the left and right wings of the aircraft of figure 1. Antennas are made, with mirror symmetric relative to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the aircraft, weakly directional radiation patterns of figure 3. Antennas are made taking into account the placement on the object so that the radiation patterns of adjacent antennas in the horizontal plane of FIG. 3 have mutual overlaps at a level that provides a stable radio link. The output (input) of each antenna of FIG. 2 is connected to the input (output) of the serviced radio equipment, independent of the carrier frequency of the radio signal, in which the device 6 is provided, FIG. 2. This device provides frequency separation of transmission and reception signals, selection and inclusion of a combination of working antennas: “left front, right rear”, “right front, left rear”, “left front”, “right front” for transmitting a radio signal, due to which interference-free radiation of a radio signal is provided. The radio signals received by the working antennas at the inputs independent of the carrier frequency of the radio signal are received for processing and generating the resulting informational receiving radio signal in the device 6, thereby eliminating interference zones in the receiving mode.

The technical result that is obtained by using the proposed technical solution is the creation of AFS for a large aircraft, on which there is no possibility of placing antennas in the bow, but the stable operation of on-board short-range navigation equipment and landing on wide-spread antennas is ensured.

To illustrate the above and explain the operation of the proposed technical solution, the following figures are given:

Figure 1 Placement of antennas on an airplane.

1. Front left antenna.

2. Front right antenna.

3. The rear left antenna.

4. The rear right antenna.

5. The longitudinal axis of symmetry of the aircraft.

Figure 2 Structural diagram of an aircraft antenna-feeder system.

1. Front left transceiver antenna.

2. Power amplifier and high frequency amplifier module.

3. Front right transceiver antenna.

4. Rear left transceiver antenna.

5. Rear right transceiver antenna.

6. Device for selecting and turning on working antennas, processing received radio signals, frequency separation of reception and transmission signals.

7. On-board radio equipment for short range navigation and landing.

8. Radio frequency feeders.

Figure 3 View of the radiation patterns of the antennas included in the APS.

1. Front left antenna.

2. Front right antenna.

3. The rear left antenna.

4. The bottom right antenna.

5. Flight direction - NP.

The proposed aircraft antenna feeder system operates as follows. Radio signals transmitted and received by onboard radio equipment 7, FIG. 2 are transmitted through radio frequency feeders 8, FIG. 2, modules of power amplifiers and high frequency amplifiers 2, FIG. 2 to antennas 1, 3, 4, 5, FIG. 2 for transmission to radiation or transmitting received radio signals — from them to the receiver of the short-range navigation and landing radio equipment. Modules of power amplifiers and high-frequency amplifiers (for a receiving signal) are introduced to provide levels of emitted, received radio signals at which a stable radio link is provided. The onboard radio equipment serviced by the AFS provides four carrier independent (microwave) frequencies of the input to which the corresponding antennas are connected. Pairwise inclusion of antennas or their single inclusion is carried out by the device 6, Fig.2 processing of the resulting signal and the subsequent connection of the desired combination of antennas. As a result of the processing, the reception information signals from each antenna are extracted, through which the resulting information signal is generated. Such a connection of the AFS to the radio equipment eliminates the loss of receiving information in the interference zones, at angles of mutual overlap of the radiation patterns and provides a circular view of the space in the horizontal plane. The interference-free transmission of signals to radiation is ensured by alternately turning on one or two working antennas in the "transmission" mode.

The conducted experimental studies allow us to draw a conclusion about the correctness of the proposed technical solution and the possibility of its industrial implementation.

Information sources

1. RU 2177661 C1, claimed 08/08/2000

2. RU 2134002 C1, declared 08/12/1997

3. RU 2276434 C1, claimed 08/20/2004

Claims (1)

Aircraft antenna-feeder system containing transceiver antennas with corresponding radiation patterns, interconnected by a feeder power system including amplifiers, radio-frequency feeders connected to the on-board radio equipment, characterized in that the transceiver antennas are located on the front, rear edges left and right wing of the aircraft and are made with mirror-symmetric relative to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the plane with directional radiation patterns, while a The antennas are made taking into account their placement on the object so that the radiation patterns of adjacent antennas in the horizontal plane have mutual overlaps at a level that provides a stable radio link, and the output of each antenna is connected to the input of the served radio equipment, which is independent of the carrier frequency of the radio signal, in which a selection device and inclusion of a combination of working antennas, providing processing of the received radio signals received by the working antennas and the formation of the resulting received information th signal frequency division transmission and reception of signals, alternately switch one or two working antennas for transmission purposes.

Images