RU2515243C2 - Method of production of activated water - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to activation of water. Proposed method consists in water electrolysis between two electrodes separated by porous membrane. Voltage is fed in between said electrode, its negative and positive potentials are connected with cathode and node electrodes, respectively. Note here that said electrodes are made of schungite. Note also that ultrasound vibrations are excited in anode and cathode chambers at frequency exceeding cavitation threshold frequency to make 20-100 kHz. Note also that intensity of said ultrasound is in the range of stable cavitation to make 1.5 W/cm² to 2.5 W/cm².

EFFECT: ruled out harmful effects due to use schungite useful for animals and human beings.

Description

The invention relates to applied electrochemistry and can be used to obtain from activated shungite water, stimulating and normalizing processes in various biological objects, which can be used in medicine for the treatment and prevention of various diseases, as well as in cosmetology and other areas of human activity.

A known method of producing activated water, in which water is infused in a vessel with shungite placed in it for three days [1].

The disadvantages of this method of activating water are a long time for activating water and low mineralization of water with useful trace elements.

A known method of activating water using a household diaphragm electrolyzer to produce catholyte ("live" water) and anolyte ("dead" water), comprising a waterproof vessel body (glass jar), rectangular anode and cathode electrodes made of stainless steel (relating to non-conductive material) and mounted on the dielectric cover of the vessel-vessel, a rectifier semiconductor diode mounted on the dielectric cover and connected by the cathode to the anode electrode, waterproof a punchable tarpaulin bag placed in a vessel body, in which, in turn, an anode electrode is placed, and a two-wire power cord, the first end of the first wire of which is connected to the anode of the diode, the first end of the second wire is connected to the cathode electrode and the second ends of which end with a plug included in the AC 220 V [2].

The disadvantage of this method of water activation is that cations (positive ions) torn off by the electric field from the surface of the anode electrode due to convection fluid flows created by electrochemical processes on the surface of the anode electrode quickly reach the inner surface of the bag in less than a minute, pass through its pores and fall into the cathode chamber surrounding the sac. The catholyte is contaminated with metal ions that make up stainless steel, in particular nickel ions. To use such a catholyte inside the body is unsafe for human health.

A known method of activating water using an electrolyzer containing a rectangular waterproof vessel body made of an inert dielectric material, cathode and anode electrodes made of stainless steel, placed inside the vessel body and separated by two glass cups, the walls of which are surrounded by whatman shells playing the role of porous diaphragms, and a source of unipolar pulsating voltage, the negative and positive conclusions of which are connected respectively to cathode and anode electrodes [3]. The electrolyzer is powered by an alternating voltage network through a semiconductor rectifier diode and an incandescent lamp 220 V, 40 W connected in series, which acts as a quenching excess resistance voltage. A switch is connected in parallel with the incandescent lamp, and when closed, the process of obtaining catholyte and anolyte is boosted. Glass glasses are located on the pallet lowered into the vessel-vessel. The shells are located at a distance of about 1 cm from each other (judging by the two projections of the device shown in Fig. 1 in [3], p.26).

The disadvantage of this method is that it produces catholyte, which contains cations of the anode electrode unsafe for human and animal health, in particular nickel cations. This is due to the fact that the cations overcome the closest distance between the diaphragms in the prototype electrolysis cell in a time substantially shorter than the water electrolysis time, and the anode electrode cations are in the cathode chamber of the prototype electrolyzer long before the end of the electrolysis process.

Closest to the claimed one is a method of activating water using a diaphragm electrolyzer containing a rectangular waterproof vessel body made of an inert dielectric material, cathode and anode electrodes made of non-noble conductive materials placed inside the vessel body and separated by two porous diaphragms, and a unipolar pulsating voltage source, the negative and positive terminals of which are connected respectively to the cathode and the anode electrodes, and the porous diaphragms are placed from each other at a distance determined by the ratio:

1,3E · b · t≥L> 1,0E · b · t,

where L is the distance between the porous diaphragms, in cm; E is the average intensity of the pulsating electric field between the electrodes in the liquid, in V / cm; b is the mobility of the liquid fastest cations detached from the anode electrode by an electric field, in cm ² · V ^-1 · s ^-1 at E = 1 V / cm; t is the electrolysis time, in s [4].

The disadvantage of the prototype method is that cations hazardous to human and animal health, torn off by the field from the surface of the anode, fall into the water, and the selected distance L between the electrodes does not guarantee the complete exclusion of these cations from the finished product - catholyte. In addition, ions of metal ions (cations) that are dangerous and harmful to human and animal health, which are pulled out of the anode, are also found in the anolyte, which is also used for medicinal purposes, and can harm the health of people and animals. The increase in the distance between the electrodes in the prototype method leads to the need to increase the electrolysis voltage and leads to an increase in the process of water activation.

The task to which the invention is directed, consists not only in eliminating the negative factor in the analogue methods and in the prototype method, which consists in detaching harmful and dangerous ions from the metal anode by the electric field, but also converting this negative factor into a positive factor, which can significantly intensify the process of water activation, and increase its stimulating, preventive and therapeutic properties.

The problem is solved in that in the method of activating water, which consists in its electrolysis between two electrodes separated by a porous diaphragm, between which a voltage is applied, the negative and positive potentials of which are connected respectively to the cathode and anode electrodes, the electrodes are made of schungite, and in Ultrasonic vibrations are excited in the anode and in the anode chamber, the frequency of which lies above the frequency of the cavitation threshold in the range from 20 kHz to 100 kHz, and the intensity of the aforementioned ultrasound lies t in the field of stable cavitation from 1.5 W / cm ² to 2.5 W / cm ² .

The essence of the claimed invention is as follows.

Shungite stone, which has a rich mineral composition, expressed sorption, bactericidal and catalytic properties, has been successfully used for many years in drinking water purification and activation systems. In addition, shungite-infused water, which is a molecular-colloidal solution of hydrated fullerenes, has an anti-inflammatory, bactericidal, antiseptic, analgesic, anti-allergic and immunostimulating effect on the human body. Thanks to its powerful healing power, shungite water has been actively used in various fields of medicine from the 17th century to the present day and is used as an effective healing agent in the field of spa treatment.

Shungite is a natural composite, the structure of which is an amorphous microporous quartz frame filled with highly dispersed (about 1 μm) particles of aluminosilicate minerals.

The main component of shungite is carbon C60. Its content in the breed can reach up to 99%. In the mineral composition of shungite, in addition to carbon C60, silicon oxide and aluminum oxide, the rest of the mineral composition of shungite contains more than 20 macro- and microelements - Na, Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Cu, etc.). A unique feature of shungite is that when it interacts with the aquatic environment, only the most beneficial mineral components of this rock come out into the water.

Shungite is used in the production of activator filters for the comprehensive purification of drinking water, is used to disinfect water in wells and swimming pools, and is used to purify domestic and industrial effluents from pollution.

Russia is a major exporter of Karelian shungite to America and the countries of Western Europe (Austria, Germany, Norway and Holland).

Shungite is an excellent and almost universal natural adsorbent, capable of retaining on its surface more than 94% of all kinds of harmful impurities contained in our daily tap water.

When interacting with water, the molecular compounds fullerenes that make up shungite play the role of unique catalysts that accelerate the deactivation and destruction of organic compounds that are harmful to the human body (phenols, resins, acids, acetone, alcohols, humic substances, gases, etc.).

In addition, due to its high sorption and catalytic activity, shungite can also precipitate other water polluting substances on its surface that can significantly damage our health (heavy metal salts, colloidal iron, radionuclides, chlorine, phosphorus, nitrogen compounds (nitrates and nitrites ), petroleum products, pesticides).

The effectiveness of water filtration from dioxins and organochlorine compounds shungite surpasses the famous activated carbon by 30 times. In terms of the quality of water purification from oil products, shungite is also not inferior to an activated carbon filter.

Using shungite, which has bactericidal and sorption properties, it is also possible to qualitatively filter drinking water or purify water in wells and swimming pools from various harmful microflora, plant spores, algae, viruses, biological toxins, helminth eggs.

Shungite also has the ability to activate water. Indeed, if most artificial filters, along with harmful impurities, inevitably remove mineral components that are useful for the human body (calcium, magnesium, potassium salts, etc.) from the water, then a natural shungite filter, on the contrary, helps saturate the water with useful macro- and microelements in the most optimal human body concentration. And besides, the water infused with shungite acquires unique healing properties.

The use of shungite for complex water purification is the most promising and economically feasible in our time due to the fact that this mountain mineral, unlike other artificial filters for water purification, is capable of retaining its unique sorption, catalytic and bactericidal activity for a rather long period of time.

The fullerenes that make up shungite water also contribute to the improvement of cellular metabolism and increase the resistance of the cell (including its genetic apparatus) to external adverse effects (viral infection, increased ambient temperature, etc.). The same molecular compounds passing from shungite to water also contribute to the improvement of the nervous system, increasing the resistance of the human body to stress and high physical exertion. The fullerenes located in shungite are strong and long-acting antioxidants, and that is why many drugs were created on their basis for the treatment of diseases for which standard treatment methods were not effective (flu, asthma, atherosclerosis, infertility, ulcers, burns, etc. .).

Infused with shungite water is characterized by high antitoxic activity (shungite fullerenes have hepatoprotective properties - they neutralize various poisons and toxins, thereby protecting the liver from their harmful effects). In addition, shungite water has a host of other medicinal properties (anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, analgesic and immunostimulating properties).

As a result of numerous clinical observations carried out in various medical institutions of Russia (including Karelia sanatoriums located near sources of shungite water), it was found that the most pronounced healing effect of water infused with shungite, and other of the above funds based on shungitis provide with complex treatment:

- Anemia (shungite water helps to restore normal hemoglobin as soon as possible, the shungite fullerenes contained in it have a protective effect on red blood cells and improve the blood formation process).

- Diseases of the digestive system (shungite water helps to eliminate heartburn, flatulence, normalization of stool and is very effective in the complex treatment of gastritis, colitis, enteritis, diseases of the gallbladder, liver and pancreas (including cholecystitis, pancreatitis and gallstone disease) )

- Diseases of the cardiovascular system (arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, angina pectoris, vegetative-vascular dystonia, varicose veins, diabetic angiopathy).

- Inflammatory and allergic skin diseases (allergic dermatitis, neurodermatitis, psoriasis, eczema, fungal skin diseases, boils, herpes), as well as the treatment of traumatic skin lesions (burns, cuts, abrasions, pressure sores, corns). For the treatment of dermatological diseases and the speedy healing of skin lesions, the most effective combination is the internal use of shungite water with its external use (shungite baths and compresses).

- Diseases of the joints and spine (osteochondrosis, radiculitis, arthritis, arthrosis, etc.). When treating this type of disease, it is recommended to combine daily consumption of shungite-infused water with regular use of shungite baths, compresses and special shungite foot massage. With this complex treatment, blood microcirculation and tissue nutrition in the area of the diseased joint are improved, pain is significantly reduced, joint mobility is increased.

- Diseases of the respiratory system, oral cavity and throat. In diseases such as periodontal disease, periodontitis, stomatitis, tonsillitis, tonsillitis, rinsing with slightly warmed shungite water is most useful, but in case of a cold, it is recommended to regularly instill such water into the nose. Shungite-based inhalations (inhalation of vapors of shungite water heated to 90-92 degrees for several minutes) are especially effective for diseases of the lower respiratory tract (diseases of the larynx and trachea, bronchitis, pneumonia, etc.).

Despite all of the above advantages of shungite water, a sufficiently fast and effective method for its production is not currently known. The most applicable at the present time is a very long and insufficiently effective method of obtaining shungite water, by insisting it in a vessel with shungite for 3-4 days. With this method of producing shungite water, many useful potential opportunities of shungite were not used, in particular, the mineralization of shungite water to the microelements necessary for humans, located in shungite, such as Na, Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Cu, etc., is to a small extent.

In the present invention, these disadvantages of the known methods are eliminated by the following operations.

During electrolysis of water, anolyte is formed in the anode chamber, and catholyte is formed in the cathode chamber.

The catholyte formed in the cathode chamber of the diaphragm electrolyzer has alkaline properties. Its pH value during electrolysis of a well-conducting liquid can reach 12.0. The value of the redox potential (briefly designated Eh or ORP) is measured using platinum and silver chloride electrodes. It can reach minus 900 mV. The catholyte made from drinking water, unlike most synthesized strong antioxidants, does not become a “weaker free radical” when it encounters free radicals. Stronger antioxidants than catholyte, apparently, do not exist in nature.

The anolyte formed in the anode chamber of the diaphragm electrolyzer has acidic properties. Its pH value can reach 1.5, and the value of Eh = 1200 mV. That is, anolyte can be the strongest oxidizing agent (oxidant).

In medical practice, both anolyte and catholyte are used.

In particular, since anolyte has a strong antiseptic effect, it is effectively used in the disinfection of water (including cholera vibrios), in the disinfection of various objects and tools, with infections of the gastrointestinal tract (salmonellosis, dysentery), tonsillitis and chronic tonsillitis. It is used in surgery as an antiseptic for the treatment of purulent wounds, abscesses, phlegmon, etc.

Catholyte has an immunostimulating, detoxifying effect, accelerates tissue regeneration and is therefore effective in many chronic diseases, accompanied by a weakening of the body's immune reactivity, long-term healing wounds and ulcers.

However, activated water obtained in household electrolyzers, in addition to healing properties, can carry a certain danger to humans and animals.

It is known that during electrolysis of water, the anode is destroyed, and positively charged ions of its material (cations) pass from the anode through the anolyte and enter the cathode chamber through the membrane. Since metals are used as electrodes in most household electrolyzers, the cations entering the anolyte and catholyte make them unsafe for humans and animals.

In the inventive method, shungite is used as electrodes. The use of shungite as electrodes is primarily possible due to its high electrical conductivity and its other physical characteristics, given below:

- density - 2.25-2.40 g / cm ³ ;

- porosity - 0.5-5%;

- compressive strength - 100-150 MPa;

- modulus of elasticity (E) - 0.31 × 10 ⁵ MPa;

- electrical conductivity - (1-3) × 10 ³ S / m;

- thermal conductivity - 3.8 W / m · K;

- the average value of the coefficient of thermal expansion in the temperature range 20-600 ° C - 12 × 10 ^-6 1 / deg.

In the inventive method, the fact is used that during the electrolysis of the anode, positively charged ions (cations) of the anode material are pulled out from the anode by an electric field, which are transferred to the cathode region by the action of the field, saturating the catholyte with these cations. Since, unlike the above analogues and the prototype method, where the anode is most often made of materials that adversely affect the human and animal body, the inventive method uses shungite, whose ions have healing and stimulating properties and are useful for humans and animals.

It should be noted that fullerenes obtained by artificial means are practically insoluble in water. Shungite is a stone of natural origin, and the fullerenes that make up its composition are capable of dissolving in water.

In the inventive method, the process of receiving beneficial ions for humans and animals from the shungite anode is intensified using ultrasound.

By its physical nature, ultrasound is an elastic wave, and in this it does not differ from sound.

It is generally accepted that the ultrasonic range includes frequencies in the range from 20 kHz to 1 GHz. Frequencies ranging from 16 kHz to 20 kHz relate to audible sound.

Frequencies below 16 kHz are infrasound, and frequencies above 1 GHz are called hypersound.

The frequency range of ultrasound can be divided into three subregions:

low frequency ultrasound (2 × 10 ⁴ -10 ⁵ Hz) - ULF;

ultrasound of medium frequencies (10 ⁵ -10 ⁷ Hz) - USCH;

ultrasound of high frequencies (10 ⁷ -10 ⁹ Hz) - UHF.

In liquid media, under the action of ultrasound, a specific physical process arises and proceeds - ultrasonic cavitation, which provides maximum energy effects on the impregnating composition.

In the ultrasonic wave, during half-periods of rarefaction, cavitation bubbles arise that collapse sharply after transition to the high-pressure region, generating strong hydrodynamic disturbances in the water and in the pores of the schungite anode, which significantly enhances the effect of the formation of cations from the anode material (schungite).

Cavitation is carried out due to alternating waves of high and low pressure formed by high-frequency sound (ultrasound).

Ultrasonic cavitation is the main initiator of physicochemical processes that occur in a liquid under the influence of ultrasound, and, in particular, the formation of cations from the anode material.

Cavitation phenomena in a given medium arise only when the ultrasound exceeds the cavitation threshold.

The cavitation threshold is the intensity of ultrasound, below which cavitation phenomena are not observed. The cavitation threshold depends on the parameters characterizing both ultrasound and the liquid itself.

For water and aqueous solutions, the cavitation thresholds increase with increasing ultrasound frequency and decreasing exposure time.

At frequencies above 20 kHz, the threshold for unstable cavitation is in the range from 0.3 W / cm ² to 1 W / cm ² .

A further increase in intensity to 1.5 W / cm ² leads to a violation of the linearity of the oscillations of the walls of the bubbles. The stage of stable cavitation begins. The range of intensities of stable cavitation lies in the range from 1.5 W / cm ² to 2.5 W / cm ² . The bubble itself becomes a source of ultrasound vibrations. On its surface there are waves, microcurrents, electric discharges.

An increase in ultrasound intensity beyond 2.5 W / cm ² again leads to the stage of unstable cavitation.

In the inventive method, the most efficient use of the range of intensities of stable cavitation lies in the region from 1.5 W / cm ² to 2.5 W / cm ² .

It is in this range of frequencies and powers of ultrasound that activated water, washing the surface of the anode and penetrating into its pores, contributes to the intensive destruction of the anode, the material of which enters the anolyte in the form of neutral particles and ions (cations). Neutral particles of shungite, remaining in the anolyte, enhance its antiseptic properties, and shungite cations passing through the membrane into the cathode region enhance the antioxidant properties of catholyte.

Studies have shown that shungite water obtained by the present method, after 5-10 minutes, acquires stimulating, antioxidant and healing properties that are not inferior to the properties of activated shungite water obtained by insisting water in a vessel with shungite for 3-4 days.

So, for example, as a result of the experiment, it was revealed that after 5 minutes of water electrolysis in an electrolyzer with shungite electrodes and the use of shungite anolyte as an antiseptic, the concentration of group D streptococcus bacteria (enterococcus) in water decreased by more than 120 times, and the number of streptococcus group A (the causative agent of diseases such as tonsillitis, rheumatism, scarlet fever, nephritis, etc.) decreased by more than 1000 times. The use of a conventional anolyte for disinfection of the same streptococci obtained in a household electrolyzer with stainless steel electrodes in the prototype method gave a lower effect: the concentration of bacteria of group D streptococcus (enterococcus) in water decreased by 70 times, and the number of group A streptococcus (pathogen diseases such as tonsillitis, rheumatism, scarlet fever, nephritis, etc.) decreased by more than 600 times.

It should be noted that when interacting with shungite, water, when it is insisted in a vessel with shungite for three days, acquires powerful antioxidant properties. Shungite fullerenes that pass into water also have a pronounced and sufficiently long antioxidant activity (exceeding vitamins C and E in this) and are able to significantly reduce the concentration of free radicals in the body - special damaging molecules that are often the cause of genetic disorders, oncological diseases, inflammatory processes and premature aging.

The catholyte, obtained in an ordinary household electrolyzer with electrodes made of non-schungite, is also a powerful antioxidant.

In the inventive method, the antioxidant properties of shungite water, combined with the antioxidant properties of catholyte, allow one to obtain in the aggregate a much more powerful antioxidant than the antioxidant obtained by infusing water in a vessel with shungite, and catholyte is an antioxidant obtained in a conventional electrolyzer with electrodes made not from shungite.

Thus, in comparison with analogue methods and the prototype method, which pollute activated water with electrode metal cations unsafe for humans and animals, the inventive method not only eliminates this negative factor, but also by using a material useful for humans and as electrodes animals of shungite and the intensification of the processes of destruction of the anode and the formation of cations on the schungite anode using ultrasound to convert this negative factor into a positive one.

In addition, compared with the only analogue of obtaining shungite water, which consists in insisting it in a vessel with shungite for 3-4 days, the inventive method allows to accelerate the activation process by more than two orders of magnitude.

Information sources

1.http: //www.kakprosto.ru/kak-46750-kak-poluchit-zhivuvu-vodu

2. Treatment of "living" and "dead" water. - St. Petersburg: Lenizdat, Leningrad, 2005. - 320 p. [p. 91-92].

3. In Khakhalkin. Activator for seedlings // Model designer, 1987, No. 3, p. 26-27.

4. RF patent for the invention No. 234496. Household diaphragm electrolyzer // Posted on 01/27/2009. Bull. No. 3 is a prototype.

Claims (1)

The method of water activation, which consists in its electrolysis between two electrodes separated by a porous diaphragm, between which a voltage is applied, the negative and positive potentials of which are connected respectively to the cathode and anode electrodes, characterized in that the electrodes are made of schungite, moreover, in the anode and in The anode chamber is excited by ultrasonic vibrations, the frequency of which lies above the frequency of the cavitation threshold in the range from 20 kHz to 100 kHz, and the intensity of the mentioned ultrasound lies in the stable region cavitation from 1.5 W / cm ² to 2.5 W / cm ² .