RU2637225C2 - Method of producing activated water - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: method of water activation consists in its electrolysis between two electrodes separated by a porous diaphragm, between which a voltage is applied, the negative and positive potentials of which are connected respectively to the cathode and anode electrodes. The electrodes are made of shungite, and the anode is not completely immersed in activated water, the anode region at the air-water interface is irradiated with a laser beam, the wavelength of which lies in the range of (800÷1540) nm, and the energy density lies in the range of (2÷5) J/mm².

EFFECT: intensification of the process of electrolysis, enhancement of the stimulating properties of catholyte.

1 dwg, 1 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to applied electrochemistry and can be used to obtain from activated shungite water, stimulating and normalizing processes in various biological objects, which can be used in agriculture, in medicine for the treatment and prevention of various diseases, as well as in cosmetology and other fields of activity person.

A known method of producing activated water, in which water is infused in a vessel with shungite placed in it for three days [1].

The disadvantages of this method of activating water are a long time for activating water and low mineralization of water with useful trace elements.

A known method of activating water using a household diaphragm electrolyzer to produce catholyte ("live" water) and anolyte ("dead" water), comprising a waterproof vessel body (glass jar), rectangular anode and cathode electrodes made of stainless steel (relating to non-conductive material) and mounted on the dielectric cover of the vessel-vessel, a rectifier semiconductor diode mounted on the dielectric cover and connected by the cathode to the anode electrode, waterproof an incisible canvas bag placed in a vessel body, which in turn contains an anode electrode, and a two-wire power cord, the first end of the first wire of which is connected to the anode of the diode, the first end of the second wire is connected to the cathode electrode, the second ends of which end with a plug included in the AC voltage 220 V [2].

The disadvantage of this method of water activation is that cations (positive ions) torn off by the electric field from the surface of the anode electrode due to convection fluid flows created by electrochemical processes on the surface of the anode electrode quickly reach the inner surface of the bag in less than a minute, pass through its pores and fall into the cathode chamber surrounding the sac. The catholyte is contaminated with metal ions that make up stainless steel, in particular nickel ions. To use such a catholyte inside the body is unsafe for human health.

A known method of activating water using an electrolyzer containing a rectangular waterproof vessel body made of an inert dielectric material, cathode and anode electrodes made of stainless steel, placed inside the vessel body and separated by two glass cups, the walls of which are surrounded by whatman shells playing the role of porous diaphragms, and a source of unipolar pulsating voltage, the negative and positive conclusions of which are connected respectively cathode and anode electrodes [3]. The cell is powered by an alternating voltage network through a series-connected semiconductor rectifier diode and an incandescent lamp 220 V, 40 W, which acts as a quenching excess resistance voltage. A switch is connected in parallel with the incandescent lamp, and when closed, the process of obtaining catholyte and anolyte is boosted. Glass glasses are located on the pallet lowered into the vessel-vessel. The shells are located at a distance of about 1 cm from each other (judging by the two projections of the device shown in Fig. 1, in [3], p. 26).

The disadvantage of this method is that it is used to produce catholyte, which contains cations of the anode electrode that are unsafe for human and animal health, in particular nickel cations. This is due to the fact that the cations overcome the closest distance between the diaphragms in the prototype electrolysis cell in a time substantially shorter than the water electrolysis time, and the anode electrode cations are in the cathode chamber of the prototype electrolyzer long before the end of the electrolysis process.

Closest to the claimed one is a method of activating water using a diaphragm electrolyzer containing a rectangular waterproof vessel body made of an inert dielectric material, cathode and anode electrodes made of non-noble conductive materials placed inside the vessel body and separated by two porous diaphragms, and a source of unipolar pulsating voltage, the negative and positive terminals of which are connected respectively to the cathode and an single electrodes, and the porous diaphragms are placed from each other at a distance determined by the ratio

,

,

where L is the distance between the porous diaphragms, in cm; E is the average intensity of the pulsating electric field between the electrodes in the liquid, in V / cm; b - mobility of the liquid fastest cations detached from the anode electrode by an electric field, in cm ² V ^-1 ⋅ s ^-1 at E = 1 V / cm; t is the electrolysis time, in s [4].

The disadvantage of the prototype method is that cations hazardous to human and animal health, torn off by the field from the surface of the metal anode, enter the water, and the selected distance L between the electrodes does not guarantee the complete exclusion of these cations from the finished catholyte product. In addition, ions from the anode, which are dangerous and harmful to human and animal health, metal ions (cations), are also found in the anolyte, which is also used for medicinal purposes, and can harm the health of people and animals. In addition, the use of catholyte obtained by the prototype method has relatively low stimulating properties when germinating seeds of various plants and plant growth rates. The increase in the distance between the electrodes in the prototype method leads to the need to increase the electrolysis voltage and leads to an increase in the process of water activation.

The problem to which the invention is directed is to intensify the process of water activation and increase the stimulating properties of catholyte, when used for germinating plant seeds, stimulating their growth, for preventive and therapeutic properties for humans and animals.

The problem is solved in that in the method of activating water, which consists in its electrolysis between two electrodes separated by a porous diaphragm, between which a voltage is applied, the negative and positive potentials of which are connected respectively to the cathode and anode electrodes, the electrodes are made of schungite, and the anode not completely immersed in activated water, and the anode region at the interface between air and water is irradiated with a laser beam, the wavelength of which lies in the range (800 ÷ 1500) nm, and the energy density lies in the range (2 ÷ 5) J / mm ² .

The drawing shows an electrolyzer explaining the inventive method.

The following notation is introduced in the drawing: 1 - schungite anode; 2 - schungite cathode; 3 - porous diaphragm; 4 - laser; 5 - a laser beam; 6 - place of exposure.

The essence of the claimed invention is as follows.

Shungite is a natural composite, the structure of which is an amorphous microporous quartz frame filled with highly dispersed (about 1 μm) particles of aluminosilicate minerals.

The main component of shungite is carbon C60. Its content in the breed can reach up to 99%. In addition to C60 carbon, the mineral composition of shungite contains silicon oxide and aluminum oxide, while the rest of the mineral composition of shungite contains more than 20 macro- and microelements - Na, Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Cu, etc.). A unique feature of shungite is that when it interacts with the aquatic environment, only the most beneficial mineral components of this rock come out into the water.

Fullerenes, which are part of shungite water, contribute to the improvement of cellular metabolism and increase the resistance of cells (including its genetic apparatus) to external adverse effects (viral infection, increase in ambient temperature, etc.). The same molecular compounds passing from shungite to water also contribute to the improvement of the nervous system, increasing the resistance of the human body to stress and high physical exertion. The fullerenes that are in shungite are strong and long-acting antioxidants, and that is why many drugs were created on their basis for the treatment of diseases for which standard treatment methods were not effective (flu, asthma, atherosclerosis, infertility, ulcers, burns and etc.).

The catholyte formed in the cathode chamber of the diaphragm electrolyzer has alkaline properties. Its pH value during electrolysis of a well-conducting liquid can reach 12.0. The value of the redox potential (briefly designated Eh or ORP) is measured using platinum and silver chloride electrodes. It can reach -900 mV. The catholyte made from drinking water, unlike most synthesized strong antioxidants, does not become a “weaker free radical” when it encounters free radicals. Stronger antioxidants than catholyte, apparently, do not exist in nature.

The catholyte has an immunostimulating, detoxifying effect, accelerates tissue regeneration and is therefore effective in many chronic diseases accompanied by a weakening of the body's immune reactivity, with long-term healing wounds and ulcers.

In agriculture, catholyte is used to accelerate the germination of seeds of various plants and stimulate their growth.

However, the activated water obtained in household electrolyzers, in addition to the healing properties, can carry a certain danger to humans and animals.

It is known that during electrolysis of water, the anode is destroyed and positively charged ions of its material (cations) pass from the anode through the anolyte and enter the cathode chamber through the membrane. Since metals are used as electrodes in most household electrolyzers, the cations entering the anolyte and catholyte have a depressing effect on plants and make them unsafe for humans and animals.

In the inventive method, shungite is used as electrodes. First of all, shungite can be used as electrodes, its high electrical conductivity, and its other physical characteristics, given below:

- density - 2.25 ÷ 2.40 g / cm ³ ;

- porosity - 0.5 ÷ 5%

- compressive strength 100 ÷ 50 MPa

- modulus of elasticity (E) - 0.31 × 10 ⁵ MPa

- electrical conductivity - (1-3) × 10 ³ S / m

- thermal conductivity - 3.8 W / m × K.

- the average value of the coefficient of thermal expansion in the temperature range 20-600 C ÷ 12 × 10 ^-6 1 / deg.

In the inventive method, the fact is used that during the electrolysis of the anode, positively charged ions (cations) of the anode material are pulled out from the anode by an electric field, which are transferred to the cathode region by the action of the field, saturating the catholyte with these cations. Since, unlike the above analogues and the prototype method, where the anode is most often made of materials (metals) that adversely affect the human body, animals and plants, shungite is used in the claimed method, whose ions have healing and stimulating properties and are useful for humans, animals and plants.

It should be noted that fullerenes obtained by artificial means are practically insoluble in water. Shungite is a stone of natural origin, and the fullerenes that make up its composition are capable of dissolving in water.

In the claimed method, the process of entering into the catholyte beneficial ions for humans, animals and plants from the shungite anode is intensified by a laser beam. The experiments showed that the best stimulating properties of catholyte are obtained if the boundary region of the anode from shungite is irradiated with a laser beam, the wavelength of which lies in the range (800 ÷ 1540) nm, and the energy density lies in the range (2-5) J / mm ^2.

The wavelength range from (800 ÷ 1540) nm was chosen from the following pragmatic considerations. Firstly, the range of indicated wavelengths has the most common and cheapest lasers, for example diode lasers (radiation wavelength 800-950 or 1450 nm); Nd: YAG and Nd: YVO4 lasers have a wavelength of 1064 nm; Nd: YAG lasers have a wavelength of 1320 nm; Englass laser has a wavelength of 1540 nm. Lasers with a wavelength of less than 800 nm are less common and much more expensive. When the radiation exceeds 1540 nm, their infrared radiation is absorbed by water, and with increasing wavelength, the proportion of radiation absorption by water increases significantly, which is undesirable in our case.

The choice of the energy density of the laser beam in the range (2 ÷ 5) J / mm ² is due to the following reasons. When the power of the laser beam, lying in the range from 1 to 2 J / mm ² , the effectiveness of its impact on the characteristics of catholyte, the rate of electrolysis of water, is relatively low. To obtain a beam with a power of more than 5 J / mm ² more expensive lasers are required. It was experimentally established that the power range (2 ÷ 5) J / mm ² is optimal.

Shungite cations passing through the membrane into the cathode region enhance the antioxidant properties of catholyte.

An example of a specific implementation. The inventive method was implemented using the device shown in the drawing. The method was implemented as follows. Anode 1 and cathode 2 were made of schungite in the form of rectangular bars measuring 15 × 20 × 100 mm. A porous diaphragm 3 made of porous ceramic was installed between the cathode and the anode. The cell body was made of caprolactam. The volume of water in the cell was 2 liters. The nominal constant voltage supplied between the electrodes ranged from 11 to 14 V. The strength of the electrolysis current ranged from 0.35 to 13.5 A. Anode 1 protruded 10 mm above the surface of the water, power about 3.5 J / mm ^2.

Water electrolysis was carried out in three modes: 1 - without laser irradiation; 2 - according to the claimed method with irradiation of the anode 1 with a laser beam 5, in the area 6 of the contact of the anode with the air-water interface; and according to the prototype method with electrodes made of titanium. In all three cases, the electrolysis process was monitored by continuous measurement of the pH in the cathode chamber. The process was completed when reaching a pH of 9.5. It was found that when irradiating section 6 with a laser beam 5, the time to reach the indicated value of the hydrogen index averaged 10 minutes, whereas without laser irradiation, the time to reach pH 9.5 with shungite electrodes was 24 min, and with titanium electrodes it was 26 min . It was noted that the electrolysis current increased when the shungite electrode was irradiated by 1.4-1.5 times as compared to the electrolysis current in the absence of irradiating the laser anode.

The intensification of the electrolysis process during laser irradiation of the anode is probably due to the fact that, under the influence of laser radiation, intense evaporation of the anode material and water occurs with the formation of a plasma, whose ions significantly increase the conductivity of water, which accelerates the process of its activation.

After the completion of the electrolysis process, the effect of catholyte on the metabolite content of swelling amaranth caudate seeds was studied.

The results of the study are shown in table 1.

Thus, studies have shown that, compared with the prototype method, the inventive method has the following advantages:

- there is an intensification of the electrolysis process, due to which the electrolysis process is accelerated by 1.4 ÷ 1.5 times;

- the stimulating properties of catholyte increase by (10 ÷ -40)%

Information sources

1.http: //www.kakprosto.ru/kak-46750-kak-poluchit-zhivuyu-vodu

2. Treatment of "living" and dead water. - St. Petersburg: Lenizdat, Leningrad, 2005. - 320 p. [from. 91-92].

3. In Khakhalkin. Activator for seedlings // Model designer, 1987, No. 3, p. 26-27.

4. RF patent for the invention No. 2344996. Household diaphragm electrolyzer. // Publisher: 01/27/2009. Bull. No. 3 is a prototype.

Claims (1)

The method of water activation, which consists in its electrolysis between two electrodes separated by a porous diaphragm, between which a voltage is applied, the negative and positive potentials of which are connected respectively to the cathode and anode electrodes, characterized in that the electrodes are made of schungite, and the anode is not completely immersed into activated water, and the anode region at the air-water interface is irradiated with a laser beam, the wavelength of which lies in the range (800 ÷ 1540) nm, and the energy density lies in the range (2 ÷ 5) J / mm ² .

Images