RU2514995C2 - Cat fodder (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fodder production, in particular, to cat fodder. The cat fodder is represented by a composition including milled grains, animal origin flour, yeast, a vitamin-and-mineral complex, iodised casein and selenopiranum. Iodised casein is taken in an amount of 1 - 9 mg per kg of the fodder, selenopiranum - 0.1-0.8 mg per 1 kg of the fodder, the other components - at the following ratio, wt %: animal origin flour - 10-30, yeast - 0.5-5, vitamin-and-mineral complex - 2.3-5, milled grains - balance. The second fodder version is represented by a composition including meat and by-products, wheat flour, dried blood plasma, dry carrots, culinary salt, a vitamin mixture, a mineral mixture, amino acids, thickeners, water, iodised casein and selenopiranum. Iodised casein is taken in an amount of 1 - 9 mg per kg of the fodder, selenopiranum - 0.1-0.8 mg per 1 kg of the fodder, the other components - at the following ratio, wt %: meat and by-products - 32-46, culinary salt - 0.14-0.16, vitamin mixture - 0.006-0.008, mineral mixture - 0.0005-0.002, amino acids - 0.04-0.27, thickeners - 0.1-0.5, wheat flour - no more than 9%, dried carrots - no more than 1%, water - balance.

EFFECT: invention usage will allow to enhance the fodder biological value, normalise hormonal status and iodine exchange in the animal organism.

11 cl

Description

The invention relates to animal feed, particularly cat food.

Patent RU 2358441 describes a feed composition for domestic animals, including cats, containing protein in an amount of 25 to 70 wt.%, Fat in an amount of 10 to 70 wt.%, Carbohydrates in an amount of 0 to 25 wt.% And unfermentable fiber in an amount of from 0.75 to 20 wt.%.

However, this feed composition is deficient in carbohydrates and is used mainly for animals that are overweight.

From patent RU 2163453 known meat and vegetable feed for unproductive animals, including cats, which contains, wt.%: Raw meat 10-50; cereal flour 10-20; minced bone 5-50. 5-30% vegetables and 10-20% protein stabilizer are additionally introduced into the feed. As an additional source of vitamins, the feed contains, in particular, additives of vegetable oil and ascorbic acid. It is fully balanced in fats, proteins and carbohydrates and partially in vitamins. This feed is the closest in composition to the claimed. However, it is deficient in amino acids, essential trace elements, and also partially in vitamins.

 The objective of the invention is the creation of feed, devoid of these disadvantages and having additional properties.

To solve this problem, according to the first option, cat food is proposed, which is a composition comprising crushed grain, animal flour, yeast and a vitamin-mineral complex, as well as iodized casein and selenopyran.

Preferably, according to the first embodiment, the feed contains crushed wheat, crushed corn, crushed rice.

According to the first embodiment, it is desirable that the feed contains meat and bone meal, chicken flour, fish meal.

The most preferred first option is a feed containing iodinated casein in an amount of from 1 to 9 mg per kilogram of feed, selenopyran from 0.1 to 0.8 mg per kilogram of feed, and the remaining components in the following ratio, wt.%:

Animal flour 10-30 Yeast 0.5-5 Vitamin and Mineral Complex 2,3-5 Ground grain rest

Moreover, it is desirable that the feed additionally contains crushed dried vegetables in an amount of not more than 10 wt.% Or dehydrated liver of a bird in an amount of not more than 2.5 wt.%

In addition, it is preferable that the feed is obtained in the form of dry extruded granules. Granules can be obtained with a three-layer coating containing the inner layer of stabilized fat, the middle layer of a mixture of meat offal, sugars and antioxidants and the outer layer of a dry spray.

The task is also solved by cat food (the second option) containing meat and offal, wheat flour, dried blood plasma, dried carrots, salt, a vitamin mixture, amino acids, thickeners and water, as well as iodinated casein and selenopyran.

According to the second variant, the feed should contain iodinated casein in an amount of from 1 to 9 mg per kilogram of feed, selenopyran from 0.1 to 0.6 mg per kilogram of feed, and the remaining components in the following ratio, wt.%:

Meat and offal 32-46 Common salt 0.14-0.16 Vitamin Blend 0.006-0.008 Mineral mixture 0.0005-0.002 Amino acids 0.04-0.27 Thickeners 0.1-0.5 Water Rest.

Preferably, the food additionally contains wheat flour in an amount of not more than 9 wt.% Or dried carrots in an amount of not more than 1 wt.%.

Iodized casein, unlike iodides, is a stable compound and retains iodine during storage (for at least 2 years), as well as during heat treatment up to 200-250 ° C, which allows its use in feed preparation technologies requiring the use of heat treatment.

As shown by studies conducted by the applicant, the effectiveness of iodine provision is increased with the combined use of iodinated casein and selenopyran.

The vitamin-mineral complex may include vitamin E, B vitamins, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate in pharmaceutically acceptable doses.

The food according to the first embodiment is prepared as follows:

- the stage of mixing and grinding the dry components of the feed,

- heat treatment of a mixture of crushed components on an extruder,

- drying granules,

- coating feed granules with grease and sprays,

- product packaging and palletization,

- shipment to the warehouse.

The food according to the second option is prepared according to the following technology:

- the stage of mixing all the ingredients according to the recipe,

- grinding and preparation of the emulsion,

- temperature treatment of meat emulsion on a steam tunnel, the formation of meat bundles and their cutting,

- packing meat slices and gravy on filling machines, sealing packages or packing cans,

- sterilization of the product; packaging in boxes and palletization;

- shipment to the warehouse.

The proposed cat food allows you to increase the biological value of the food, to normalize the hormonal status in animals consuming this food on the background of a combination of iodine and selenium (technical result).

To prove the achievement of the technical result, studies were conducted on 16 aging outbred cats aged 7 to 9 years of both sexes (8 female and 8 male), contained in the standard conditions of the Center for Pet Nutrition (Borovsk). Of the total number of cats, two groups were formed on the basis of analogues (identical weight, age and gender ratios).

Cats of the first group (8 cats) - the control group - received standard food produced by Mars LLC.

The cats of the second group (8 cats) - the experimental group - received the claimed food containing in wt.% Crushed wheat, chicken flour, dried carrots 5%, palm oil 5%, dehydrogenated liver of the bird 2%, yeast 2%, vitamin and mineral 3% complex, as well as iodine casein at the rate of 8 mg per 1 kg of feed and selenopyran at the rate of 0.7 mg per 1 kg of feed.

The experiment lasted 65 days. During the experiment, the crushed wheat was replaced by crushed rice, and the chicken flour was replaced by fish in the same quantities.

After a 7-day equalization period (before the experiment), blood was taken from animals to determine biochemical parameters (urea, triglycerides, glucose), thyroid hormones (free T ₃ and T ₄ ) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), the main function of which is regulation of the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones; and urine to determine the iodine content. The following blood and urine samples were taken 1 and 2 months after the start of the experiment. To determine ioduria, daily urine was taken for 2 adjacent days. Also, during the studies, animals were weighed weekly and subjective indicators were evaluated every 2 weeks, such as condition, condition of the skin, coat, visible mucous membranes, teeth, gums, claws, digestive system, and feed intake relative to the daily allowance.

A comparative analysis of two groups of animals showed that ioduria in animals of the first group (control) remained low during the experiment, even slightly decreasing by the end of the study compared to the initial data. This indicates an insufficient iodine content in the feed daily consumed by cats, which makes the thyroid gland work with increased load. In cats of the second (experimental) group, indicators of ioduria with the beginning of consumption of feed enriched with iodine casein and selexen increased significantly, reaching a steady state at the maximum level at a given level of iodine intake. Thus, the addition of iodine casein and selexen to the feed led to the normalization of the iodine metabolism of animals.

The addition of iodine casein and selexen to the feed contributed to the normalization of hormone formation in the thyroid gland, which follows from the results of determining the levels of free T ₄ and TSH.

The level of free T ₄ in the blood of cats in the control group decreased slightly, especially in the second half of the experiment, approaching the lower limit of normal. In the experimental group, when feeding the animals with the claimed food, there was an increase in T ₄ in the blood during the first month, and then until the end of the experiment, the T ₄ level remained stably normal.

In animals of the control group, an increase in TSH level occurs throughout the experiment, which is consistent with a decrease in the hormone T ₄ during this period. In cats of the experimental group, the level of TSH in the second half of the experiment remained stable, which is also consistent with a constant level of T ₄ during this period and indicates the normalization of iodine metabolism.

To assess the effect of the claimed feed on protein, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in the blood of animals, the content of urea, triglycerides and glucose was determined. The blood content of these substances during the experimental period in both groups varied within normal limits, without statistically significant changes between the groups, which can be assessed as the absence of a negative effect of the additives on protein metabolism and on the state of the urinary function of the kidneys, on carbohydrate metabolism and on the state of the pancreas whose hormones regulate it. As for lipid metabolism, in general, the amount of triglycerides usually correlates with the content of thyroid hormones, and the correlation is negative, but it takes time to manifest it.

Significant changes in condition and other indicators of the state of cats in both groups, as shown by the analysis, were not observed.

Claims (11)

1. Cat food, which is a composition comprising crushed grain, animal flour, yeast and a vitamin and mineral complex, iodinated casein and selenopyran, with iodized casein in an amount of 1 to 9 mg per kilogram of feed, selenpiran from 0.1 to 0.8 mg per 1 kg of feed, and the remaining components in the following ratio, wt.%:
animal flour 10-30 yeast 0.5-5 vitamin and mineral complex 2,3-5 crushed grain rest. 2. The feed according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains crushed grain of wheat. 3. The feed according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains crushed corn grain. 4. The feed according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains crushed rice grain. 5. The feed according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains meat and bone meal. 6. The food according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains chicken flour. 7. The food according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains fishmeal. 8. The food according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises crushed dried vegetables in an amount of not more than 10 wt.%. 9. The feed according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a dehydrated liver of the bird in an amount of not more than 2.5 wt.%. 10. The feed according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made in the form of dry extruded granules. 11. Cat food, representing a composition comprising meat and offal, wheat flour, dried blood plasma, dried carrots, salt, vitamin mixture, mineral mixture, amino acids, thickeners and water, iodized casein and selenopyran, and iodinated casein in an amount of 1 to 9 mg per kilogram of feed, selenopyran from 0.1 to 0.6 mg per 1 kg of feed, and the remaining components in the following ratio, wt.%:
meat and offal 32-46 table salt 0.14-0.16 vitamin mix 0.006-0.008 mineral mixture 0.0005-0.002 amino acids 0.04-0.27 thickeners 0.1-0.5 wheat flour no more than 9% dried carrots no more than 1% water rest.