RU2512365C2 - Method of growing broilers - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the poultry industry and can be used in growing broilers. The method of growing broilers provides an introduction to the complete feed of silicon-containing feed additive produced from raw materials and components of aluminium-manufacturing production. The silicon-containing feed additive is used as neutralized with sulphuric acid white sludge of composition, wt %: SiO₂ - 20-25, Al₂O₃ - 20-30, Fe₂O₃ - 10-15, CaO - 8-12, Na₂O - 12-15, SO₃ - 3-5, K₂O - 0.3-0.5, at that the introduction of white sludge is carried out with the complete feed according to the scheme in 3 stages, starting from the first day of growing broilers to slaughter. The first stage is 1-2 kg/t, the second stage is 2-4 kg/t, the third stage is 3-6 kg/t, at that the first stage starts from 1-7 day of growing, the second stage is from 8-14 days of growing, the third stage is from 15^th day to slaughter.

EFFECT: use of the claimed invention enables to improve the productivity of broilers, the quality of resulting products, and to reduce costs.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to poultry farming, and can be used in the cultivation of broilers, both in poultry farms, and in private or farms.

Known methods of growing broilers, in which the main diet is introduced as a mineral additive calcined alunite ore (fractions of 0.025-0.074 mm with a SiO content _of 61-66%) in an amount of 0.5-1% by weight of feed, starting from 10- ty of day age and up to the end of fattening (see AS No. 1630760, A23K 1/16. Publ. 28.02.91 Bull. No. 8).

With ease of use and good application results, the drawbacks of this feeding method are that its production requires special equipment for roasting, crushing and screening of alunite ore, which increases the cost of producing such a feed additive, tying it to the places of extraction of this ore, which is limitedly used in aluminum production .

It is also known to use in poultry, as a mineral feed additive, alumina production waste - belite sludge with a SiO ₂ content of 30% in combination with manganese pentahydrate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, which are introduced into the main diet of broilers in the amount of 0.14- 0.16% of the main diet (see RF Patent No. 2284125, A23K 1/175. Publ. September 27, 2006).

With ease of use and good results of use, the disadvantages of the method include the fact that top-dressing of such a composition with belite sludge is not commercially available, and the components available in the preparation, moreover, change the composition of the diet from standard compound feed and require its correction, complicating and increasing the cost of growing broilers.

The objective of the invention is to expand the range of silicon-containing feed additives to increase the productivity of broilers - in the form of a mass-produced, inexpensive and convenient to use preparation containing SiO ₂ , previously used in agriculture for other purposes, allowing to obtain an increase in live weight of broilers during their feeding with a simultaneous increase the quality of the products obtained, with minimal costs for obtaining and introducing the drug into the broiler diet.

The problem is solved in that as a silicon-containing feed additive produced from raw materials and components of aluminum-producing production, white sludge neutralized with sulfuric acid (hereinafter BS) of the composition, wt.%: SiO ₂ - 20-25, Al ₂ O ₃ - 20-30 , Fe ₂ O ₃ - 10-15, CaO - 8-12, Na ₂ O - 12-15, SO ₃ - 3-5, K ₂ O - 0.3-0.5, and the introduction of white sludge is carried out with compound feed according to the scheme in 3 stages, starting from the first day of growing to broiler slaughter, based on the stages: the first stage - 1-2 kg / t; the second stage is 2-4 kg / t, the third stage is 3-6 kg / t, while the first stage is from the 1st to 7th day of cultivation, the second stage is from 8-14th day of cultivation, the third stage is from 15th day before slaughter.

Silicon-containing feed additive neutralized white sludge (BS) is a light brown loose powder represented by the sulfate form of the aluminosilicate of the sodalite group (nozean-sodalite) with a mass fraction of from 70 to 90%; glandular hydrogarnet with a mass fraction of from 7 to 15%; finely divided aluminum hydroxide with a mass fraction of from 1 to 5%; pH for poultry farming from 6.0 to 7.0, non-toxic, non-combustible.

White sludge (BS), proposed as a new original silicon-containing feed additive for broilers, was previously developed and used to reduce stress levels and loss of meat productivity in cattle during their transportation (RF Patent No. 2271211, A61K 33/04. Publ. 10.09 .2006, Bull No. 7).

Another well-known area of use of BS is its use in growing crops on soils contaminated with heavy metals, where the use of BS in the amount of 1-5% of the mass of the arable layer allows to obtain higher yields and reduce pollution of the products by lead, nickel, chromium and cadmium (RF Patent No. 2189712, A01B 79/2. Published on September 17, 2002, Bull. No. 27).

The novelty of the proposed method is that in poultry farming when growing broilers as a silicon-containing feed additive BS was not previously used, which allows us to consider the proposed method as the use of the well-known preparation BS for a new purpose with an unobvious effect in the form of an increase in live weight of broilers when grown with increasing quality manufactured products.

The method of growing broilers is as follows. Chickens from one day of age are daily given with BSh feed in doses from 1.0 to 6.0 kg / t of feed according to a given scheme until the end of the feeding period (before slaughter), as a result of which the safety of the livestock, the physical condition of broilers, and the eatability of feed are improved and the increase in live weight increases while improving the quality of the products.

An experimental verification of the proposed method and assessment of its economic efficiency was carried out at agricultural enterprises of the Sverdlovsk region.

The amount of silicon-containing feed additives BS added to feed, the feeding scheme and the stages of feeding were previously determined by analogy with existing feed additives, based on an analytical review and laboratory experiments conducted at the Faculty of Livestock Technology of the Ural State Agricultural Academy (Yekaterinburg).

The results of the production verification of the proposed method of growing broilers are presented in examples No. 1 and 2 (experiment 1 and 2).

Scientific and economic experiments were carried out on the basis of the Krasnoturyinsky branch of Bogdanovichskaya Poultry LLC.

The object of the study was broiler chickens cross "IZA-F-15." The bird was kept in KBU-3 cell batteries, drinking from microcups. The technological parameters of feeding and keeping broiler chickens were in line with the recommendations of VNITIP (2010).

The bird of all groups was subjected to veterinary treatment according to the preventive measures scheme adopted by the farm.

To conduct the first experiment, two groups of chickens were formed on the basis of analogues: control (n = 17462) and experimental (n = 16548). The control group received feed (the main diet), adopted on the farm. The experimental group was additionally introduced into the compound feed the proposed silicon-containing feed additive BS at the rate of: 1-7 day of cultivation - 1.0 kg / t of feed, 8-14 days - 2 kg / t, 15-38 days - 3 kg / t of feed. The fattening period was 38 days.

In the second experiment, on the basis of analogues, two groups of broilers were also formed: control (n = 17642) and experimental (n = 17008). The bird of the control group received the main diet adopted on the farm, with nutrition according to the norms of VNITIP (2010). Combined feed was fed to the chickens of the experimental group with the inclusion of 2 kg BS per ton of feed from the 1st to the 7th day, 4 kg / t from the 8th to the 14th day and 6 kg / t from the 15th to the slaughter .

The experimental design for the study of the effectiveness of the use of BS in the diets of broiler chickens (Experiment 1 and Experiment 2) is presented in Table 1.

During the experiments, the following indicators were carried out and kept records:

1. Zootechnical indicators:

- live weight - by weighing chickens in technological cycles 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 38 days of cultivation (g).

- daily average growth - by calculation based on the results of weighing (g).

- livestock safety - by daily accounting of the case and calculation as a percentage of the initial livestock for individual periods and for the whole period as a whole (goal.%).

- feed costs per 1 kg of growth.

- European broiler productivity index (SIP) - by the calculation method according to the formula: {(Live weight [kg] × Preservation [%]) / (Feeding term [days] × Conversion [kg / kg])} × 100%.

Table 1 The scheme of experiments on the study of the effectiveness of the use of BS in the diets of broiler chickens (Experience 1 and 2) Groups Feeding conditions (Experience 1) Feeding Conditions (Test 2) Control The main diet (RR) with nutritional standards VNITIP OR with nutrition according to the standards of VNITIP Experienced OR + BSh (1-7 day of cultivation 1.0 kg / t, 8-14 day - 2 kg / t, 15 - before slaughter (38 days) - 3 kg / t of feed) OR + BSh (1-7 day of growing 2.0 kg / t, 8-14 day - 4 kg / t, 15 - before slaughter (38 days) - 6 kg / t of feed)

2. Anatomical cutting of carcasses was carried out in three heads of broiler males from each group, guided by the “Methodology for conducting scientific and industrial research on feeding poultry” (VNITIP, 2004). At the same time, pre-slaughter mass, gutted carcass weight, slaughter output of gutted carcass, weight of edible and inedible parts, mass of muscles of all, including pectoral, femoral and lower leg muscles, bone mass, ratio of edible to inedible and muscle to bone ratio were taken into account ( g,%).

3. Quality indicators of meat:

- chemical analysis of meat - according to generally accepted methods (%);

- the biological value of meat - by determining the amino acids in the pectoral and femoral muscles by the photometric method in the analytical laboratory of the Ural Research Institute of Agriculture. The tryptophan content was determined by the method of Spise and Chambers modified by Geller (1958), hydroxyproline by the method of Newman and Long using the method of acid hydrolysis according to Verbitsky. The value of meat was determined by the ratio of tryptophan to oxyproline.

Based on the results of a production test and scientific research, the economic efficiency of broiler chickens growing using BS in 2012 prices was calculated.

Statistical processing of experimental data was performed by the method of variation statistics according to N.A. Plokhinsky (1969) using a PC and Microsoft Excel. The difference was considered significant at p≤0.05; p≤0.01; p≤0.001.

During scientific and production experiments, broiler chickens were fed with dry mixed feeds balanced in accordance with the “Recommendations for feeding poultry” (VNITIP, 2010).

Feeding of the experimental livestock was four-phase depending on the growing period.

Compound feeds were prepared in the feed shop of the Bogdanovic poultry farm of the Gryaznovsky branch. After the poultry farm was delivered to the Krasnoturinskaya site, the meat and bone meal and the calculated rate of BS-containing silica-containing feed additive by multi-stage mixing in mixers were included in the feed.

Based on the analysis of the composition and nutritional value of broiler chicken feeds, it was found that their energy and nutrient requirements were met within the existing feeding standards.

The live weight of the bird serves as a criterion for the state of the body and depends on age, feeding, and also on the physiological processes occurring in the body. When tested, at the age of 24, the mass of chickens was 36 g.

The weekly results of weighing chickens (160 goals from each group) showed (Table 2) that the use of BS in the first 14 days of growing did not significantly affect the live weight of broilers: the difference between the experimental and control groups at the age of 7 and 14- these days was 0.9-0.7%, respectively. An increase in the amount of administration of the drug to 3 kg / t of feed from the 15th to the 38th day of raising chickens contributed to a significant increase in their live weight at the age of 21 days by 5.2% p≤0.05, at the age of 28 days - by 2.9% (p≤0.05), at 35 days - 2.3% (35 days) (p≤0.05) and at 38 days - 5.3% (p≤0.001).

table 2 The dynamics of the live weight of broilers up to 38 days of age, g (M ± m) (1st experiment) Indicators Groups Control Experienced Live weight 7 days 105.0 ± 2.11 106.2 ± 2.02 14 days 280.0 ± 5.47 282.54 ± 7.37 21 day 615.2 ± 10.1 647.66 ± 9.3 * 28 days 1200.3 ± 13.0 1235.21 ± 11.5 * 35 days 1790.1 ± 14.0 1830.85 ± 14.5 * 38 days 1909.3 ± 22.4 2009.74 ± 20.3 *** Note: hereinafter * p≤0.05; ** p≤0.01; *** p≤0.001

The gradual (1-2-3 kg / t) inclusion in the first experiment of BS in feed for broilers during the growing period, in accordance with the technological periods, contributes to an almost linear increase in their live weight, achieving significant superiority in the analyzed parameter by the end of feeding to 5 , 3%.

It was noted that over the entire period of the study, the average daily increase in chickens of the experimental group tended to increase compared to the control: in the first week of feeding by 1.72%, in the second - by 0.8%; in the third week - by 8.93%; in the fourth - by 0.4%; on the fifth - by 0.99%. At the end of the feeding (from the 35th to the 38th day), a regular decrease in growth in both groups relative to the previous period was accompanied by a significant (by 19.9 g) increase in the average daily growth of broilers fed with BS (3 kg / t), in relation to control analogues. Therefore, feeding BS as part of the feed allows the broiler to maintain a sufficiently high level of broiler growth intensity at the finishing stage, which effectively affects their final live weight (Table 3).

Table 3 Indicators of the average daily increase in broilers, g (M ± m) (first experiment) Age days Groups Control Experienced 7 9.86 ± 0.61 10.03 ± 0.28 fourteen 25.0 ± 0.91 25.2 ± 0.93 21 47.88 ± 2.13 52.16 ± 1.58 28 83.59 ± 3.46 83.94 ± 2.43 35 84.26 ± 3.47 85.0 ± 4.07 38 39.7 ± 4.99 59.63 ± 2.10 * During the growing period on average 48.3 52.67

In general, during the growing period, the average daily gain of the chickens of the experimental group was higher than the control broilers by 9.04%.

Studies of the first series of experiments did not establish a significant effect of the silicon-containing feed additive BS on the safety of the broiler population on the accounting days - 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 days, it was practically at the control level. However, at the end of feeding - during the period of an increase in the technogenic load on the broiler organism, the inclusion of BS in a dose of 3 kg / t of feed helped increase the safety of the bird by 1.09%.

The most important indicator characterizing the efficiency of feed use is the cost of feed per 1 kg of gain in live weight.

Comparative indicators of feed consumption are shown in table 4.

In the course of the first scientific and economic experiment, it was found that the lowest feed costs per 1 kg of growth were noted in the experimental group, where broilers received silicon-containing feed supplement BS. The difference with control was 0.27 kg. This circumstance is consistent with a higher broiler growth rate.

Table 4 The cost of feed when including BS in the broiler ration during the feeding cycle Indicator Group Control Experienced (%) The cost of feed per 1 kg of growth, kg 1.87 1,6

In general, judging by the European Productivity Index (SIP), which is an integrated and informative indicator of industrial poultry farming, the effect of using BS in the first experiment was 61.3%, with a SIP in the control group - 258.9%, and at 320.2% - in the experimental group. The optimal level of EIP is considered to be 300%.

To study the quantity and quality of meat products at the end of the first experiment, a control slaughter of broiler chickens was carried out. According to the results of the slaughter (Table 5), it was found that the experimental group exceeded the control in terms of gutted carcass weight by 14.1% (p≤0.05), and in the slaughter yield of gutted carcass by 1.0%.

Thus, the use of silicon-containing feed additives BSH according to the proposed scheme in the composition of the feed has a positive effect on the indicators of meat productivity of broilers and the chemical composition of chicken meat (Table 6).

Table 5 The results of the slaughter of broiler chickens, (M ± m) Indicator Group Control Experienced Pre-slaughter mass, g 1970.4 ± 57.64 2211.2 ± 42.29 * The mass of gutted carcass, g 1306.0 ± 58.73 1490.0 ± 47.41 * The output of gutted carcass,% 66.3 67.3

Table 6 The chemical composition of the meat of broiler chickens,% Group Water Dry matter% Fat% Protein,% Ash% Pectoral muscle Control 74.45 ± 0.03 25.55 ± 0.03 4.79 ± 0.47 19.95 ± 0.26 1.09 ± 0.03 Experienced 73.75 ± 0.14 26.25 ± 0.14 6.59 ± 0.32 19.6 ± 0.58 0.99 ± 0.01 Foot muscle Control 71.57 ± 0.48 28.4 ± 0.48 18.08 ± 0.64 9.64 ± 0.32 0.53 ± 0.005 Experienced 71.07 ± 0.43 27.7 ± 0.89 19.84 ± 0.69 9.3 ± 0.64 0.48 ± 0.03

The biological usefulness of the protein of poultry meat was established by the ratio of tryptophan to hydroxyproline amino acids or protein-quality index (KBP) (Table 7).

Table 7 The biological usefulness of broiler chicken meat protein Group Oxyproline, mg /% Tryptophan, mg /% KBP meat protein Pectoral muscle Control 47.0 ± 1.15 152 ± 0.58 3.2 Experienced 50.7 ± 3.18 137 ± 4.62 2.7 Foot muscle Control 72 ± 2,3 57.67 ± 1.45 0.8 Experienced 65.67 ± 1.45 60 ± 1.15 0.9

The value of the qualitative protein indicator of broiler pectoral muscle was 3.2 in the control group and 2.7 in the experimental group, which is 0.5 units lower than the control. With regard to the foot muscle, the opposite picture was observed: the value of the CPB in the experimental group was higher, compared with the control, by 0.1 unit.

Based on the totality of the results of the first experiment, we can conclude that the use of silicon-containing feed additives BS in the diet of broiler chickens according to the established scheme (1-7 day of cultivation - introduction of BS 1.0 kg / t, 8-14 days - 2 kg / t, 15 - before slaughter (38 days) - 3 kg / t of feed) has a pronounced stimulating activity of metabolic processes in the body, which is probably associated with a decrease in the detoxification load on the gastrointestinal tract and liver of the bird. Thanks to this mechanism, a favorable environment is created for the absorption of feed nutrients and their effective use, manifesting itself in the formation of higher broiler productivity.

Taking into account the results of experiment 1, indicating a slight (0.7-0.9%) increase in live weight of broilers in the first two weeks of growing under the influence of dosages BS (1-7 days - 1 kg / t; 8-14 days - 2 kg / t) and a significant increase in the growth rate of chickens after increasing the BS input to 3 kg / t from 15 days of feeding, the aim of experiment 2 was to study and clarify the effectiveness of using an increased level of administration of the test feed additive. According to the research scheme, in the second experiment, BS was introduced from the calculation: 1-7 day - 2 kg / t; 8-14 day - 4 kg / t; 15 day - before slaughter - 6 kg / t of feed.

Analysis of the dynamics of live weight of chickens during the second experiment showed that an increase in the dose of BS introduction according to the method led to a significant significant superiority of the mass of experimental broilers over control peers, starting from the first week of growing and throughout the entire technological cycle. With the same live weight of chickens at the daily age (38 g), at the age of 7 days, the difference in favor of the experimental group for this indicator was 9.52% (p≤0.01), at 14 days - 19% (p≤0.001) , at 21 days - 13.3% (p≤0.01), at 28 days - 7.0% (p≤0.01), at 35 days - 5.3% (p <0.01) - Table .8.

Table 8 The dynamics of the live weight of broilers, g (M ± m) (second experiment) Indicators Groups Control Experienced (+) (-) Live weight: 7 days 105 ± 2.17 115 ± 1.97 ** +10 14 days 300.0 ± 5.94 357.0 ± 4.35 *** +57 21 day 600.0 ± 11.74 680.0 ± 7.66 *** +80 28 days 1150.0 ± 18.03 1230.0 ± 13.64 *** +80 35 days 1870.0 ± 24.9 1970.0 ± 21.88 ** +100

The broiler growth rate, similar to changes in live weight in almost all accounting periods, was higher in the experimental group of chickens treated with BS: at 7 days - by 14.9%, at 14 days - by 24.1%, at 21 days - by 7.7 %, in 35 days - by 5.3% (Table 9).

At the final stage of rearing (35 days), the experimental bird again outstripped the control peers by 5.3%.

On average, during the growing period in the second experiment, the average daily growth of broilers in the experimental group was 5.4% higher than the control.

The safety of livestock has a significant impact on the final output. Data on the safety of broiler chickens in the second experiment are shown in table 10.

Table 9 The average daily growth of broilers, g (M ± m) Age days Groups Control Experienced (+) (-) 7 9.57 ± 0.51 11.0 ± 0.25 * +1.43 fourteen 27.86 ± 1.56 34.57 ± 0.86 ** +6.71 21 42.86 ± 2.46 46.14 ± 1.54 +3.28 28 78.57 ± 3.55 78.57 ± 2.24 35 102.9 ± 4.75 105.7 ± 2.89 +2.8 During the growing period on average 52.35 55.2 + 2.85

Table 10 The safety of broilers during the technological cycle Indicator Group Control Experienced (+) (-) The safety of the livestock,% 94.3 94.9 +0.6

Higher viability among the compared groups had chickens treated with BS. The safety of the livestock in this group was 94.9%, which is 0.6% higher than in the control.

The introduction of experimental poultry into the compound feed of the experimental poultry in the second experiment of higher dosages had a positive effect on the payment for food products, which is consistent with the results of the first experiment (Table 11).

Table 11 Feed costs when including BS in the broiler ration during the technological cycle (second experiment). Indicator Group Control Experienced (+) (-) The cost of feed per 1 kg of growth, kg 1.74 1.68 -0.06

In the experimental group of broilers, a decrease in feed costs per 1 kg of increase in live weight by 0.06 kg was observed, compared with control analogues, or by 3.4%.

Thus, the chickens that received BS from the first days of their life grew better and spent food more economically.

The European broiler chickens productivity index in this series of experiments was: in the control group - 291.2, in the experimental group - 321.2. Therefore, growing broilers using BSh, in the claimed increased doses, allows 30% to exceed the optimal level (300%) of the European productivity index, characterizing the high efficiency of the feed additive.

Analyzing the results of the broiler slaughter (Table 12), it was found that the mass of gutted carcasses in the experimental group was significantly higher than the control indicator by 11.4% (p≤0.05).

Table 12 The results of the slaughter of broiler chickens, (M ± m) Indicator Group Control Experienced (+) (-) Pre-slaughter mass, g 1781.3 ± 82.53 1983.7 ± 20.25 * +202.4 The mass of gutted carcass, g 1188.0 ± 55.05 1323.33 ± 13.62 * +135.33 Slaughter yield of gutted carcass,% 66.7 66.7 -

According to the results of anatomical cutting (Table 13), it was found that the experimental group exceeded the control group by 9% in mass of edible parts in the carcass, including 9.5% in muscle mass.

In chickens treated with BS in the second experiment, there was a tendency to increase the mass of edible internal organs: liver - by 5.33 g (p≤0.05), heart - by 1.67 g, muscle stomach - by 2 g, lungs - 2.66 g, kidneys - 1.67 g (p≤0.05). Moreover, the difference in the mass of the liver and kidneys was significant, indicating a more intensive development of detoxification organs under the influence of the tested adsorbent.

Table 13 The results of the anatomical cutting of broiler chickens, (M ± m) Indicator Control group Experienced Group The mass of edible parts of the carcass, g, including: 185.33 ± 8.74 206.33 ± 2.03 * - pectoral muscles - femoral muscles 145.0 ± 6.56 161.67 ± 1.76 * - shin muscles 110.0 ± 5.57 111.33 ± 1.45 - muscles of the trunk, wings and neck 153.33 ± 7.22 171.0 ± 1.73 * Total muscle 593.67 ± 25.64 650.33 ± 6.96 * - liver (without gall bladder) 33.67 ± 1.86 39.0 ± 1.15 * - heart (without pericardial bag) 7.33 ± 0.88 9.0 ± 0.58 - muscle stomach (without contents and cuticle) 15.67 ± 0.88 17.67 ± 0.88 - lungs 2.67 ± 0.33 5.33 ± 1.76 - kidneys 1,0 ± 0 2.67 ± 0.88 Total edible parts 1016.0 ± 41.05 1107.67 ± 15.98 * Mass of inedible carcass parts, g: - head 51.67 ± 2.40 57.33 ± 0.88 * - legs (on the tarsal joint) 73.0 ± 3.51 83.67 ± 1.76 * - bones (including neck bones) 261.0 ± 12.12 290.33 ± 3.18 * Total inedible carcass parts, g 517.0 ± 24.33 581.67 ± 8.19

Against this background, the predominance in bone mass was 11.2% in favor of the experimental group, showing their strength and ability to support the mass of chickens in the process of life.

Having data on the mass of individual parts of the broiler carcass, the ratio between the edible and inedible parts and the ratio of muscles to bones was calculated. It was established that the ratio of edible parts to inedible in the control and experimental groups was 1.97-1.91, respectively, and the ratio of muscles to bones was 2.27-2.24.

Thus, despite the increase in the experimental group as a whole of inedible parts and bones, compared with the control group of birds, the integral indicators (the ratio of edible parts to inedible and the ratio of muscles to bones) are practically not inferior to the control values, characterizing the efficiency of using silicon-containing BSH feed additives to increase the meat productivity of broiler chickens.

An assessment of the chemical composition of meat (Table 14) showed that in experimental broiler chickens the fat content in the leg muscle decreased by 0.84%, and the quality of the protein increased by 0.64%, which is a positive indicator.

Table 14 The chemical composition of the meat of broiler chickens,% Group Water Dry matter% Fat% Protein,% Ash% Pectoral muscle Control 74.57 ± 0.28 25.43 ± 0.28 5.59 ± 0.31 18.93 ± 0.52 1.11 ± 0.04 Experienced 74.63 ± 0.44 25.37 ± 0.44 7.08 ± 0.2 18.0 ± 0.36 1.04 ± 0.02 Foot muscle Control 71.4 ± 1.28 28.6 ± 1.28 19.78 ± 2.2 8.66 ± 1.2 0.5 ± 0.07 Experienced 71.57 ± 0.09 28.4 ± 0.93 18.94 ± 1.72 9.3 ± 0.8 0.54 ± 0.06

Evaluation of the biological usefulness of broiler meat protein showed (Table 15) that under the influence of a silicon-containing feed supplement BS there is an increase in the CBP of the pectoral muscle protein to 2.3, ahead of the control value by 5.0%.

The economic results of the production audit of the use of BS in the diet of broiler chickens of the second experiment are presented in table 16.

As shown by production experiments with an estimated price of BSh of 20 rubles per 1 kg and an average consumption of BSh of 2 g per 1 kg of feed due to an increase in the average daily gain and slaughter weight of the carcass, the specific feed consumption is reduced by 0.06-0.10 kg / kg of weight , which gives a reduction in the cost of 1 kg of meat by 0.72-1.2 rubles per 1 kg.

Table 15 The biological usefulness of broiler chicken meat protein Group Oxyproline, mg /% Tryptophan, mg /% KBP meat protein Pectoral muscle Control 59.3 ± 1.33 129.67 ± 6.33 2.19 Experienced 46.67 ± 0.88 107.67 ± 9.17 2,3 Foot muscle Control 62.0 ± 6.67 42.3 ± 4.98 0.7 Experienced 65.0 ± 3.51 46.0 ± 6.11 0.7

Table 16 Cost-effectiveness of using BIT additives in the diet of broiler chickens (Experience 2) Indicator Group control experienced The number of chickens at the beginning of the experiment, goal. 17642 17008 The number of chickens at the end of the experiment, goal. 15608 15318 The safety of the livestock,% 94.3 94.9 Feed consumption per 1 kg of increase, kg 1.74 1.68 The average daily gain in live weight, g 47.03 47.5 The average live weight of 1 head at the end of the experiment, g 1881 1990 The mass of edible parts of the carcass, g 1016.0 1107.67 Yield, kg 15857.7 16967.3 Received additional products, kg - 1109.5

Ultimately, 1 ruble of additional costs for the proposed method of growing broilers, the income is approximately 5.1 rubles per head, showing the practical applicability and prospects of the proposed method.

The combination and comparison of the indicators taken into account in the experiments allowed us to conclude that the inclusion of silicon-containing feed additive BSH, a product of alumina production, in the compound feed for broiler chickens can significantly correct the situation for the better. Reducing the toxic load on the poultry organism, BS, due to sorption and ion exchange properties, improves the integrity of structural homeostasis, being a favorable indirect prerequisite for the normalization of metabolism, which ultimately helps to increase broiler productivity and improve the quality of products.

In experiments, the maximum effect was noted when higher doses of silicon-containing feed additives BSh were included in compound feed for broiler chickens (1-7 day of cultivation - 2.0 kg / t, 8-14 day - 4 kg / t, 15 day - before slaughter - 6 kg / t of feed). The reliability of this conclusion was confirmed by physiological, biochemical and zootechnical studies.

In order to increase the productivity of broiler chickens and improve meat quality, it is recommended to include BS-containing feed additive in the composition of broiler feeds in the amount of: 1-7 day of cultivation - 1.0-2.0 kg / t, 8-14 day - 2-4 kg / t, and from 15 days to the slaughter - 4-6 kg / t of feed.

Claims (1)

A method of growing broilers, comprising introducing into a feed a silicon-containing feed additive produced from raw materials and components of an aluminum-producing production, characterized in that a white slurry neutralized with sulfuric acid is used as a silicon-containing feed additive, wt.%: SiO ₂ - 20-25, Al ₂ O ₃ - 20-30, Fe ₂ O ₃ - 10-15, CaO - 8-12, Na ₂ O - 12-15, SO ₃ - 3-5, K ₂ O - 0.3-0.5, and the introduction of white sludge is carried out with compound feed according to the scheme in 3 stages, starting from the first day of growing to broiler slaughter, based on the stages: first stage - 1-2 kg / t; the second stage is 2-4 kg / t, the third stage is 3-6 kg / t, while the first stage is from 1-7 days of cultivation, the second stage is from 8-14 days of cultivation, the third stage is from 15 days to slaughter .