RU2511734C2 - Logistic terminal - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to storage of cargoes. Proposed terminal for airports comprises single-level bearing platform raised above bearing surface. Said platform supports a storage facility with walls and roof. Zone of loading/unloading of cargos from city side adjoins said facility on one side level with said bearing platform. Said storage facility accommodates the zone of shelf storage of cargoes and containers, customs section, zone for loading/unloading of cargoes fed from aircraft. Besides there is the zone of loading/unloading of cargoes fed from or to aircraft. Said zone comprise ramps. Terminal comprises the zone of shelf storage. The latter is equipped with refrigerating chambers. Storages of cargoes coming from or to aircraft are located outside said facility in the zone of ramps.

EFFECT: accelerated handling of cargoes.

7 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of warehousing and storage of cargo in multi-tier warehouses and for the construction of an intermodal logistics aviation-cargo complex for airports for the processing of goods by air and road transport, intended for commercial servicing of aircraft (AC), terminal handling of cargo and mail, the provision of services customs clearance, freight forwarding and sale.

Currently, warehouse terminals are built on the principle of placing pallets with cargo at great depths on the shelves. Warehouse in such terminals is a separate module and, in essence, is a typical warehouse. The placement of pallets with cargo makes it possible to significantly increase the density of cargo storage, since filling racks with small-sized piece cargo is excluded. If we take into account that when storing the cargo of each position on the rack, the number of its place on the rack is assigned, then it becomes clear that it is unprofitable to occupy a place with a separate small-sized cargo. The use of pallet loading racks allows you to maximize the loading density of the warehouse. But a warehouse or warehouse alone cannot exist without transport infrastructure and control systems for the movement of goods, which requires the addition of additional space to the warehouse, usually free-standing. This increases the ways of moving the cargo, increases the time for its processing, especially if this processing is multi-stage.

To shorten the way of moving goods and to reduce the time of unloading and loading and increase the convenience of access to cargo on shelves with the help of mechanized means, the principle of constructing complexes is used that combine several service systems under one roof and on the same floor, united by a common cargo handling algorithm.

For example, a complex of centralized reception, processing, delivery and distribution of goods is known, including a multifunctional complex of reception / dispatch and processing interconnected by a transport tunnel and a multifunctional complex of delivery and distribution of goods, while the complex of reception / dispatch and processing is made in the form of a multi-level structure with stylobate part and includes areas for the reception of external goods arriving by road, rail and water transport, a container storage area, customs a terminal, a storage area for pallets, a loading area for a train tunnel tunnel, parking lots for freight vehicles, technical and office premises, an underground multi-level parking lot, a retail and hotel complex with a recreation area, and a logistics center with an automated system for collecting and processing information about the quantity, nomenclature and terms of delivery of various goods to consumers, sorting of goods and the formation of targeted shipments, control and management of the movement of goods from supplier to consumer, multi The cargo delivery and distribution complex includes a train receiving and unloading station, a temporary storage area, loading areas for small vehicles, a cargo distribution and delivery area, and the functional areas of the cargo receiving / sending and handling complex are connected by ramps and / or elevators, the functional areas of the complex of delivery and distribution of goods are interconnected by vertical mobile means in the form of elevators and elevators, and technical and office premises, bargaining in the hotel complex with a seating area and a logistics center are located on the outer surface of the portion that send complex (RU 59552, B65G 65/00, B65G 67/00, publ. 12/27/2006).

The disadvantage of this complex is that it has a somewhat branched diagram of the ways of moving goods from unloading to the warehouse and from the warehouse to the recipient. As a result, the terminal construction scheme has intersection of paths not only horizontally, but also vertically, which, naturally, increases the time of cargo handling.

The present invention is aimed at achieving a technical result, which consists in reducing the path of movement of goods and reducing the processing time of goods, and increasing the convenience of access to cargo on shelves using mechanized means.

The specified technical result is achieved in that in the logistics terminal, mainly for airports, containing a single-level supporting platform raised above the supporting surface, on which a room with walls and a roof is mounted, to which an external cargo loading / unloading area adjoins at one level of the supporting platform on the part of the city, an indoor storage area for cargo and containers, a customs section, a loading / unloading area for goods coming from or for of airborne vehicles, the area of loading / unloading of external goods from the side of the city is a ramp along the wall of the room, made with the possibility of unloading manually and mechanized means of motor vehicles, this area is connected with the rack storage area through the reception / delivery area, which is located inside the premises along the ramp and is separated from the rack storage area by a partition with lifting gates, the loading / unloading area of goods coming from or for air means represents a ramp along the wall of the room opposite the wall along which there is a ramp for loading / unloading external goods from the city side, which is configured to unload / load mechanized means of cargo, this area is connected with the shelf storage area through a partition with lifting gates, along other walls inside refrigerated rooms are located in the area of rack storage, and outside the premises in the area of the loading / unloading ramp of cargo coming from or for air means, storage facilities for special cargoes were laid, and the shelf storage area was longitudinally divided into two storage areas equipped with multi-tiered racks, one of which is intended for goods passing through the customs section, and the other for internal freight, between two storage sections along the longitudinal separation line a container line for mechanizing the movement of bulky goods, having devices for lifting goods on the line and removing them from the line, with each of the two warehouse parts The weaving is made from the side of the loading / unloading ramp of goods coming from or for air means, with a cargo picking / picking area in which at least one inspection apparatus and scales are located.

These features are significant and are interconnected with the formation of a stable set of essential features sufficient to obtain the desired technical result.

The present invention is illustrated by a specific example of execution, which, however, is not the only possible, but clearly demonstrates the possibility of achieving the desired technical result.

Figure 1 shows the layout in terms of a logistics terminal;

figure 2 - layout of the shelving zones of goods sent by international airlines and sent on domestic airlines;

figure 3 is a view of a multi-tiered rack;

4 is a view of the shelving;

5 is a zone of container mechanization;

6 - zone picking / uncomplecting cargo sent by international airlines;

Fig.7 - zone picking / uncomplecting cargo, and sent on domestic airlines.

According to the present invention, there is considered the construction of an intermodal logistic aviation-cargo complex for the processing of goods by air and road transport, intended for commercial servicing of aircraft, terminal handling of cargo and mail, the provision of customs clearance, forwarding and sale of freight traffic. The complex should ensure the processing of the following types of cargo and mail in accordance with IATA international standards, Russian laws and industry requirements:

- Cargo on cargo and passenger aircraft on scheduled and charter flights.

- General (ordinary) cargo.

- Special cargoes, including: dangerous goods, live animals, valuable goods, perishable goods, wet loads, smelling loads, bulky and heavy loads, other cargoes.

- Mail, including international and diplomatic.

The complex is conditionally divided into a zone for processing goods arriving and departing by international airlines (MVL), as well as a zone for processing goods arriving and departing on domestic airlines (VVL). This circumstance is caused by the need for isolated storage of goods subject to customs clearance. However, this does not affect the technology of cargo handling, the type and quantity of used handling equipment. In addition, at the request of aviation security and customs authorities, the MVL and VVL shelving areas should be isolated by a net fence from the adjacent cargo reception / delivery area, and the MVL shelving storage zone, in addition to this, from the picking / unpacking area.

In general, a logistics terminal for airports contains a single-level reference platform elevated above the supporting surface, on which a room with walls and a roof is mounted, to which, at the level of the supporting platform, on the one side of the room, there is a loading / unloading area for external goods from the city, located inside the building the zone of rack storage of goods and containers, the customs section, the loading / unloading zone of goods coming from or for air means. The zone of loading / unloading of external goods from the city is a ramp along the wall of the room, made with the possibility of unloading manually and mechanized means of vehicles, this zone is connected with the rack storage area through the reception / delivery area of goods, which is located inside the premises along the ramp and is separated from the shelf storage area by a partition with lifting gates. The loading / unloading area of goods coming from or for air means is a ramp along the wall of the room opposite the wall along which there is a loading / unloading ramp of external goods from the city, which is configured to unload / load with mechanized means of cargo, this area is connected with a shelf storage area through a partition with lifting gates. Refrigerators are placed along other walls inside the room in the rack storage area, and outside for the cargo loading / unloading ramp in the loading / unloading ramp, there are storage facilities for special cargoes. The shelf storage area is longitudinally divided into two storage areas equipped with multi-tiered racks, one of which is for goods passing through the customs section, and the other for internal freight, between the two storage sections along the longitudinal separation line there is a container line for mechanizing the movement of bulky goods having devices for lifting goods on the line and removing them from the line, with each of the two storage areas made from the side of the loading / unloading ramp Handling of goods coming from or for air means, with a cargo picking / picking area in which at least one inspection apparatus and scales are located. Below is an example of a specific implementation of the invention. Conventionally, the complex is divided into separate zones: a cargo loading / unloading zone 1 from the city side, a cargo receiving / issuing zone 2, a MVL cargo rack storage zone 3, an IVL cargo shelf storage zone 4, a container mechanization zone 5 having a container line for mechanizing the movement of large-sized cargo, with devices for lifting goods on the line and removing them from the line, zone 6 for picking / unpacking the cargo of the MVL, zone 7 for picking / unpacking the cargo of the domestic flights, zone 8 for loading / unloading from the apron, storage zone 9 for special Uzes, cooling chamber 10 with ambient temperature -18 ° C, -2 ° C and + 6 ° C and for MVL refrigerating chamber 11 with ambient temperature -18 ° C; -2 ° С, + 6 ° C for VVL.

Zone 1 loading / unloading cargo from the city side (Fig. 1) is located on the front side of the complex along the building. It is designed for loading / unloading cargo to / from vehicles of 12 customers receiving / sending goods. The zone is a ramp 13 with a length of 96 m, a width of 6 m and a height of 1.05 m from the ground level (zero mark). The width of the ramp should allow for the movement and rotation of the truck with a pallet on forks (Ast parameter), as well as placement of pallets on the ramp for storage of cargo on them when unloading vehicles or loading goods from them into vehicles.

On the right and left sides, the ramp has platforms 14 with a width of 6 and a length of 20 m, with the end part adjacent to the ramp and providing unloading / loading of trailers 15 for transportation of large and indivisible goods (hereinafter referred to as trailer platforms 14). A ramp 16 is equipped on the outside of the trailer platform 14, located on the VVL, to enable the warehouse loaders to exit from the ramp to the cargo yard and vice versa.

On the frontal part of the ramp, the places of vehicles access for unloading / loading cargo are equipped with leveling platforms 17 (dock levelers) at the rate of two platforms on the domestic flight and four platforms on the MVL, which allow for unloading / loading of cars using mechanical means (loaders).

Cargo loading / unloading zone 1 from the city side is connected to cargo reception / delivery zone 2 by sectional lifting gates 18 with thermal curtains opposite the trailer platforms (one each on the domestic and international flights), measuring 3.5 × 3.5 m, and leveling platforms ( four on the MVL and two on the VVL), measuring 2.5 × 3.0 m.

Trailer platforms 14 and leveling platforms 17, gates 18 of cargo loading / unloading zone 1 of the city side, walkways between the rows of the MVL, VVL shelving storage areas and gates of the cargo loading / unloading zone from the platform side, as a rule, should be on the same axis and provide unimpeded movement of cargo through the terminal during its processing.

The loading / unloading area from the side of the city along the entire length (except for trailer sites) is equipped with a canopy, providing a drain (descent) of rainfall outside the ramp to the cargo yard.

Cargo reception / delivery zone 2 is located inside the terminal between the cargo loading / unloading zone 1 from the city side, from which it is separated by a wall with sectional lifting gates 18, and from the MVL and VVL shelving zones 3 and 4, from which it is separated by a mesh fence 19 (Fig. .one).

Zone 2 is intended for inspection of cargo for aviation security and its preparation for air transportation, as well as for the delivery of cargo to customers upon arrival. Zone 2 measures from a wall with a gate 18 to a mesh fence 19 over a width of 8 meters and a length of 96 meters. The width of the zone is selected from the condition of optimal provision for the placement of pallets with cargo in it for marking cargo places: (1 row of pallets of 1.2 m each) - 1.2 m, the loader moves with a 90 ° turn to pick up the pallet and place it on the rails live rolls of the inspection apparatus of 20-3 m, as well as the location of the inspection apparatus of 20 - up to 3.5 m. Functionally, the cargo reception / delivery zone is divided into cargo handling zones on the VVL and MVL. In turn, the VVL zone - to the cargo reception zone and the cargo delivery zone.

The cargo reception area on the VVL is separated from the shelf storage area by a mesh fence with technological gates opposite the trailer platform. This part of zone 2 is equipped with two screening devices 20 (X-Rey), one intended for screening cargo (dimensions of the entrance window of the inspection chamber 1500x1600 mm, guiding roller tables) and one for screening mail (dimensions of the entrance window of the inspection chamber 650 × 450 mm, guides tape). The devices are installed opposite the sectional lifting gates so that their output roller tables (tape) are located behind the mesh fence in the area of the shelving storage of the cargo. Next to the roller tables (tape), automated workstations of 21 employees of the aviation security service (on the one hand) and transceivers (on the other hand) are equipped. The output rollers of the screening device for cargo are equipped with 3.0-ton scales and volume measuring equipment. A 1.0-ton scale is installed next to the tape of the mail inspection machine.

Additionally in the zone are equipped:

- a place for phytosanitary control, which may include a metal table with a pedestal and drawers, a daylight lamp (the place is equipped in coordination with the post of phytosanitary supervision);

- the place of packaging of the cargo, which may include a packaging machine for packaging cargo with stretch film; Strepping machine for wrapping cargo with plastic tape; a fringing manual machine for wrapping cargo with metal tape and other equipment, as well as a fenced-in place for storing packaging material.

The cargo delivery area on the VVL is separated from the shelf storage area by a mesh fence with technological gates for the delivery of cargo to consignees opposite the leveling platform. It is equipped with weights of 3.0 tons to enable customers to weigh cargo upon receipt. In addition, in the immediate vicinity of the container mechanization zone, an inspection apparatus (X-Rey) is installed, similar to the reception area on the domestic military flight, intended, if necessary, to provide cargo screening for a cargo charter flight with cargo transportation in packaging facilities.

The zone of cargo reception / delivery on the MVL is separated from the zone of the shelf storage of the cargo of the MVL and the zone of the delivery of cargo on the MVL with a mesh fence with technological gates. In the first case, the technological gates are made to provide reception / delivery of cargo, in the second - the possibility of technological integration of the space of two zones. It is equipped with an inspection apparatus (X-Rey) with characteristics similar to the inspection apparatus of the cargo reception area on the domestic flight and additional weights of 3.0 tons to ensure control actions by customs authorities. Inspection apparatus and scales are installed along the mesh fence of the MVL rack storage area.

The zone 3 of the shelf storage of cargo MVL (Figs. 1-4) is located inside the terminal between the zone 2 of the reception / delivery of cargo on the MVL (it is delimited by a mesh fence), zone 4 of the shelf storage of goods of the MVL (zone 5 of container mechanization with which it is delimited by a mesh fence) and zone 6 of picking / unpacking of cargo MVL (it is delimited by a mesh fence). Zone 3 is intended for temporary storage of goods requiring customs control. It is equipped with 10 rows of racks 22 in seven sections of four-tier cargo storage in each (Fig.3 and 4). In sections, it is possible to place in width (the smaller side along the front of the rack) three storage pallets 23.

For storing bulky cargo, as well as cargo on aviation pallets without unpacking them in the zone, there are corresponding places for floor storage, providing accommodation for up to 16 RMS aviation pallets (size 3.2 × 2.4 m). Storage of aviation pallets with cargo is carried out on 16 consumable pallets.

Zone 4 of the shelves for storage of cargoes of the VVL (Figs. 1-4) is located inside the terminal between the zone of reception / delivery of goods to the aircraft (is delimited by a mesh fence), the zone of the shelves of cargo storage of the MVL (the zone of container mechanization with which it is delimited by the production line) and the picking area unpacking of cargo VVL (demarcated by a technological line). Zone 4 is intended for temporary storage of goods ready for air transportation, as well as goods intended for delivery to customers upon arrival. It is equipped with six rows of racks, seven sections of four-tier cargo storage in each. The dimensions of the racks and their placement are the same as in the area of the shelf storage of cargo MVL.

Technologically, the zone is divided into two equal parts in the form of storage areas 24 and 25 (figure 2) - respectively, storage of cargo upon arrival and storage of cargo on departure, delimited by technological line 26:

- the departure area 25 on the departure side from the city in a wire fence opposite the trailer platform is equipped with technological gates 26, which allow movement of oversized and heavy cargoes, as well as goods that are not subject to inspection at inspection vehicles 20 (X-Rey). On the platform side, the zone is equipped with a number of open metal cabinets with cells providing storage of small loads;

- the arrival area 24 on arrival from the city side in a mesh fence opposite the leveling platform (dock leveler) is equipped with technological gates 27, which ensure the removal of cargo from the zone for delivery to customers. From the side of the city, the zone is equipped with a number of open metal cabinets with cells providing storage of small cargoes.

Zone 5 of container mechanization (Figs. 1 and 5) is located inside the terminal between the zone of shelf storage of cargo on the MVL (delimited by a mesh fence) and the zone of shelf storage of cargo on the VVL (delimited by the production line). It is intended for the unpacking / picking of goods transported in packaging facilities. The zone is located between the shelving areas of the VVL and MVL in order to optimize the production process of unpacking (picking) cargo and placing (exporting) it in (c) the corresponding storage zone.

The composition of the equipment of zone 5 of container mechanization includes:

- table 28 container mechanization. It represents a ball floor (cargo castor), made at a level that ensures the removal (loading) of an aviation pallet (container) 29 with cargo onto an expendable pallet standing at floor level for its subsequent transportation. The container mechanization table is designed to place aviation pallets (containers) on it for unpacking / picking the cargo located on them (in them). The table along the long axis is divided by technological line 30 into two unequal parts - 2/3 are in the customs control zone (3TK) of the MVL and 1/3 are in the shelving zone of the cargo storage of the VVL;

- two container inlets 31. They connect the ramp on the platform side with the interior of the terminal (picking / unpacking area). The inputs are automated roller conveyors with a drive and are designed to move cargo on an aviation pallet (container) from a cargo trolley to a container mechanization table and vice versa. They are made at a level that ensures the removal of an aviation pallet (container) with cargo from a cargo trolley - 508 mm from the floor level;

- two workstations 32. They are installed in the picking / unpacking zone of the cargo at the ends of the container inlets in such a way as to ensure unimpeded movement of cargo on them on an aviation pallet (container) from the container inlets. Stations are designed for weighing cargo (scales must be installed in them), equipped with an aviation pallet (container), as well as lowering the level of container inlets (508 mm) to the level of an expendable pallet standing on the floor, and vice versa;

- rotary table 33. It connects two workstations with each other and a conveyor mechanization table through specially set consumable pallets. Provides the technical function of transferring cargo to the conveyor mechanization table and vice versa. It is made at the floor level and is a ball floor (cargo castor), providing not only transportation of the aviation pallets (container) to the container mechanization table and vice versa, but also removal of it by the pallet handler (Donkey LEHF 75-D) for picking / unpacking at the consumable pallet and / or transportation to the temporary storage area of the temporary storage warehouse.

The MVL picking / unloading zone 6 (Fig. 6) is located inside the terminal between the MVL cargo rack storage area (delimited by a mesh fence), the VVL cargo picking / unpacking zone (delimited by a production line) and the loading / unloading area on the platform side from which it is separated wall with sectional lifting gates.

It is intended for the unpacking / picking of goods transported both in bulk and in means of packaging, as well as carrying out control actions by customs authorities. The width of the zone should optimally ensure the placement of pallets with cargo in it for the formation of cargo shipments (cargo picking for a flight) with an average volume of up to 4-6 pallets, simultaneously for 2-3 flights, unpacking of cargo upon arrival with an average volume of up to 5-10 pallets , simultaneously with 6-10 flights, as well as carrying out control actions by customs authorities with weighing and inspection of cargo.

The zone is equipped with an inspection apparatus 20 (X-Rey) with characteristics similar to the inspection apparatus 20 of the cargo reception area on the domestic flight and with additional weights of 34 by 3.0 tons to ensure control actions by customs authorities. Inspection apparatus and scales are installed along the mesh fence 35 of the MVL rack storage area. Sectional lifting gates 36 with thermal curtains are equipped in the wall separating this zone from the ramp on the platform side: two gates 2.5 × 3.0 m in size opposite the leveling platforms and one gate 3.5 × 4 m in size, for servicing oversized cargo .

The zone 7 for picking / unpacking the cargo of the internal flight route (Fig. 7) is located inside the terminal between the zone of the shelf storage of cargo of the internal flight line (delimited by the technological line), the zone of picking / unpacking of the cargo of the internal flight line (delimited by the technological line) and the loading / unloading area on the platform side, from which it is separated AGK wall with sectional lifting gates.

It is intended for unpacking / picking goods transported both in bulk and in packaging facilities. The width of the zone should optimally ensure the placement of pallets with cargo in it for the formation of cargo shipments (cargo picking for a flight) with an average volume of up to 2-3 pallets, at the same time for 2-3 flights, unpacking of cargo upon arrival with an average volume of up to 5-10 pallets , simultaneously with 4-8 flights. Sectional lifting gates 36 with thermal curtains are equipped in the wall separating this zone from the ramp on the platform side: two gates 2.5 × 3.0 m in size opposite the leveling platforms and one gate 3.5 × 4 m in size, for servicing oversized cargo .

Zone 8 loading / unloading cargo from the apron (Fig. 1) is located on the rear side of the terminal along the building. It is designed for unloading / loading of cargo from / to the agro-industrial complex and freight carts. The zone is a ramp 96 m long, 12 m wide, with two exits 37 (ramps) and a height of 1.05 m from the ground level (zero level). The ramp width should provide for the simultaneous unloading (loading) of freight carts (3.5 m) at container inlets, movement along the ramp of the agro-industrial complex (3.5 m), as well as unloading / loading through leveling platforms and placement of up to 2 rows of storage pallets at the edge of the ramp (2.5 m).

On the frontal part of the ramp, the places of vehicles access for unloading / loading cargo are equipped with leveling platforms (dock levelers) at the rate of two platforms on the domestic flight and three platforms on the MVL, which allow for unloading / loading of cars using mechanical means (loaders).

The zone is connected to the cargo picking / unpacking zone with sectional lifting gates with thermal curtains opposite the ramps (one on the main and one on the main), 3.5 × 3.5 m in size, and leveling platforms (3 on the main and one on the main), size 2 , 5 × 3.0 m. Over the entire length (except for the ramps), the ramp is equipped with a canopy, providing a drain (gathering) of rainfall outside the ramp to the cargo yard.

Special cargo storage zones 9 (Fig. 1) are made in the form of structures separate from the terminal located on the rear of the terminal at the ends of the ramp (cargo loading / unloading zone on the platform side) identically for the main flight and the main flight. In each building, there are warehouses with separate entrances, providing outdoor storage of cargo on warehouse pallets:

- three warehouses for storing dangerous goods (hereinafter - OG), two of which provide separate storage of incompatible OGs, and one - radioactive OGs (except for fissile nuclear materials);

- one warehouse for the storage of valuable goods;

- one warehouse for storing human remains (cargo “200”). Refrigerators 10 and 11 (Fig. 1) are located inside the terminal and are placed along its end walls identically for the main and the main lines. Refrigerators have an exit to the corresponding picking / unpacking areas of the cargo. Four temperature zones are identified inside each refrigerator compartment, one of which is a deep-freeze zone up to -18 ° С, the other three are with the possibility of setting in each temperature regime from -2 ° С to + 6 ° С, separated from each other by oil curtains .

Each refrigerator compartment is equipped with:

- a zone of deep freezing - two rows of racks along the walls, two sections of two-tier storage in a row. Each section has three storage pallets;

- three temperature zones from -2 ° С to + 6 ° С - two rows of racks along the walls, nine sections of two-tier storage in a row (in each zone there are three sections). Each section has 3 storage pallets.

In the terminal, the movement of goods is carried out in such a way that the cargo flows do not intersect or their intersection is minimized. Streams are distributed according to the areas of arrival and departure of cargo.

Consider the process of handling goods on departure.

Clients (consignors) come to the client area, draw up documents for the transportation of goods and its terminal processing (details of this procedure are not considered in this application). They are given a contract of terminal handling of cargo, stamps for each piece of cargo, as well as a pass for the passage of vehicles to the cargo yard. They call in upon presentation of a pass to the cargo yard and put the vehicle under unloading. The basis for the subsequent processing of the cargo and information on the progress of its processing is the information system into which information is entered during the execution of the terminal processing agreement.

At the time of unloading the cargo, it is visually inspected by the client for the correctness and integrity of the package, verification with the accompanying documentation and marking. Bulk goods are manually stacked on storage pallets and sorted into batches (separate consignment notes) and transported to the cargo receiving area using an electric wire loader or electric forklift, where they are installed on the guiding roller tables of the inspection machine.

After the inspection by the personnel of the aviation security service, the transceiver of the terminal verifies the number of cargo places with the accompanying documentation, examines the integrity and correctness of their packaging, weighs and measures the volume of cargo. Actual data is entered into the information system and reflected in the terminal processing agreement.

After receiving the cargo, the pallets are received by the electric forklift and placed in accordance with the storage places selected in the information system on storage racks. An electric forklift takes pallets to the forks at the side (long side) and racks the rack along its front. Thus, on a shelf with a length of 3300 mm are three pallets.

Clients hand over small freights for transportation as well as general cargo. When they are received by the transceiver, they accumulate on a separate pallet and, as it is filled, are transported by the electric forklift to storage places organized in metal cabinets (small). By the decision of the aviation security service, heavy and bulky cargoes can be inspected in other ways, bypassing inspection vehicles. They enter the shelf storage area on pallets through the gates and are usually located on the first tier of shelf storage (on the floor).

5-6 hours before the flight, the dispatcher logically sets the cargo for the flight, the field of which he issues the task for the physical configuration of the flight. Based on this task, the pallets are removed from the shelves by means of an electric forklift and fed to the picking area, where some of the goods remain on the pallets, waiting to be sent to the aircraft transporting goods in bulk, and the others are completed on the container mechanization table in packing facilities for shipment to the aircraft transporting goods in packaging tools.

Shipment of cargo transported by aircraft in bulk is carried out in the agro-industrial complex with the help of an electric forklift, usually on pallets, without manual reloading. Shipment of cargo transported by aircraft in the means of packaging is carried out on freight carts through container inlets after weighing it.

When processing goods upon arrival, cargo unloaded from the aircraft arrives at the terminal. Bulk cargo is unloaded in batches (on air waybills) onto storage pallets. The cargo in the means of packaging through container inlets enters the container mechanization table. Information about the received cargo is entered into the information system. Unpacking of cargo is carried out, during which the compliance of the arrived cargo with the accompanying documents, the number of cargo places, the integrity of its packaging is checked. The cargo is stored on pallets. Cargo arriving at the MVL is additionally inspected (inspected) and weighed by the decision of the customs authorities. Cargo storage places are assigned and it is placed on pallets on storage racks. A part of the cargo that arrived in the packaging facilities at one address is not loaded onto storage pallets, but is placed at the floor storage area.

Clients are informed about the arrival of goods at their address and arrive in the client area to receive it. In the information and logistics department, they are issued a client copy of the air waybill and a pass for vehicles to enter the cargo yard.

At the checkout, customers pay for terminal handling of goods. With a note about payment for cargo, clients arrive at the warehouse and present the air waybill to the terminal transceiver. In accordance with the documents for the cargo, it is removed by the electric forklift from the racks and transported to the zone of delivery of the cargo for subsequent loading into the client’s transport. Freights of floor storage in packaging facilities are exported for loading onto a customer’s truck immediately onto the ramp.

The present invention is industrially applicable and can minimize the time for cargo handling, minimize the number of manual operations, subject to all necessary requirements and instructions related to air transportation.

Claims (7)

1. Logistic terminal, mainly for airports, containing a single-level reference platform elevated above the supporting surface, on which a room with walls and a roof is mounted, to which at the level of the supporting platform on one side of the room there is a loading / unloading area of external goods from the city, located inside premises, the zone of rack storage of goods and containers, the customs section, the loading / unloading area of goods coming from or for air means, characterized in that the loading area / r external cargo loading from the city side is a ramp along the room wall, made with the possibility of unloading manually and mechanized means of vehicles, this zone is connected with the rack storage area through the cargo reception / delivery area, which is located inside the premises along the ramp and is separated from the rack zone storage partition with lifting gates, the loading / unloading area of goods coming from or for air means is a ramp along the wall placed I, opposite the wall, along which there is a ramp for loading / unloading external goods from the city side, which is made with the possibility of unloading / loading by mechanized means of cargo, this zone is connected with the rack storage area through a partition with lifting gates, along other walls inside the room in the rack area storage facilities, refrigerators are located, and outside the premises in the area where the loading / unloading ramp of cargo coming from or for air means is located, there are storage facilities for cargo s, and shelf storage zone longitudinally divided into two storage portion equipped with tiered racks, one of which is intended for cargo, passed through customs portion, and another - for the internal messages of goods,  arriving and departing on domestic airlines, between the two storage areas along the longitudinal separation line there is a container line for mechanizing the movement of bulky goods, with devices for lifting goods on the line and removing them from the line, with each of the two storage areas made from the side of the loading / unloading ramp goods arriving from or for air means, with a cargo unpacking / picking area in which at least one screening device and scales are located. 2. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the ramps are made with ramps for driving onto the ramp of motor vehicles or loading facilities. 3. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that leveling platforms or dock levelers are mounted on the ramps to enable the loading device to unload directly from the vehicle body. 4. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the cargo loading / unloading area from the city side is connected to the cargo reception / delivery area by sectional lifting gates. 5. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the leveling platforms, the lifting gates of the cargo loading / unloading zone from the city side, the aisles between the rows of shelving storage zones and the gates of the cargo loading / unloading zone coming from or for air means are located on one axis for straight through movement of the cargo through the terminal. 6. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the refrigeration chambers are made with temperature conditions of -18 ° C, -2 ° C, + 6 ° C. 7. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the reception area for the issuance of goods is equipped with screening devices and posts are located on it.

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