RU2508980C2 - Synchronous electromagnetic percussion-type machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electromagnetic of percussion-type machines. Proposed machine comprises working tool, guide bush, hammer arranged inside said guide bush, stator and stator clamping mechanism. Aid stator comprises magnetic core with forward and reverse coils. Stator clamping mechanism is composed by retainers arranged on both sides of said stator and locking mechanism arranged at guide bush. Said stator is composed by two separate abutting sections. Locking mechanism, retainers and stator sections are coupled by different-thickness detachable rings fitted on guide bush for precise relative fixture of said stator sections and retainers.

EFFECT: precise adjustment of machine operation, higher efficiency.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to electromagnetic shock machines used to perform various technological operations (for example, shock vibrocompression, branding, destruction of building materials during installation works), in which the reciprocating movement of the striker is carried out due to forward and reverse coils fed from single-phase source of industrial frequency.

Known electromagnetic shock machine [RF Patent 2001262, MKL B25D 13/00, E21C 3/16. Electromagnetic punch // L.S. Pavlov, A.G. Tambovsky. - No. 3028408/03; declared 02/21/92; publ. 10/15/93, Bull. No. 37-38. - 3 p.], Comprising a housing, a common magnetic circuit with forward and reverse coils located in the housing, a cylindrical hammer, alternately interacting with a hammer and a buffer device made in the form of a shock-absorbing bump with an anvil.

In the optimal mode, the operating time of the electromagnetic machine of the shock action of the striker movement during forward and reverse motion should coincide with the duration of the current flow through the coils, which can be realized only with exact synchronization of the reciprocating movements of the striker with the frequency of the supply source.

The disadvantages of this electromagnetic shock machine include the fact that when powered from a single-phase source of industrial frequency, the duration of the current flow through the coils and the time of movement of the striker may differ from the optimal mode of operation, which reduces the efficiency of the device.

Known electromagnetic shock machine [RF Patent 2042500, MKL 25D 13/00. Electromagnetic percussion instrument // Е.М. Timoshenko, V.M. Borisov, I.V. Andreev, I.F. Kulikov. - No. 92014505/28; declared 12/23/92; publ. 08/27/95. - 6 p.], Comprising a housing, a magnetic circuit located in the housing with forward and reverse coils, a fastening mechanism for the working tool, a buffer and a striker located on the same axis.

The disadvantages of this electromagnetic shock machine include the fact that when the coils are fed with current pulses from a single-phase power frequency source, the required duration of current flow in individual coils and the duration of the striker under the action of electromagnetic forces created by these coils can also vary from the optimal mode of operation, which reduces the efficiency of the device as a whole.

Closest to the invention in technical essence and the achieved result is an electromagnetic impact machine [RF Patent 2008194, MKL B25D 13/00. Electromagnetic shock machine // I.V. Andreev, V.M. Borisov, I.F. Kulikov, E.M. Tymoshenko. - No. 5031933/08; declared 03/12/92; publ. 02/28/94. - 11 p.], Comprising a housing, a power supply, a working spring-loaded buffer, a buffer housing and an axle box rigidly connected to the guide sleeve, located inside the guide of the firing pin, a stator made in the form of a magnetic circuit with coils installed in it, and a stator mounting mechanism, consisting of two stops placed on both sides of the stator and a locking mechanism mounted on the guide sleeve.

This technical solution is taken as a prototype.

The disadvantages of this known technical solution include the lack of precise settings for the optimal mode of operation. This is due to the fact that the working process of the device in question is carried out in a forced oscillation mode. The natural frequency of the mechanical vibrations of the system is consistent with the frequency and duration of the current pulses, which are alternately supplied to the coils, however, the time of movement of the striker and the duration of the current flow through the coils may differ from the optimal operating mode. The design of the device does not provide separate adjustment to match the duration of the current flow in individual coils and the time of movement of the striker under the action of electromagnetic forces created by the coils, which reduces the efficiency.

The invention is aimed at solving the problem of fine tuning to the optimal mode of operation and increasing the efficiency of a synchronous electromagnetic shock machine.

This task is achieved in that the synchronous electromagnetic impact machine comprises a housing, a power supply, a working tool, a spring-loaded buffer, a buffer housing and an axle box rigidly connected to the guide sleeve, located inside the guide of the firing pin, a stator made in the form of a magnetic circuit with coils installed in it and a stator mounting mechanism, consisting of two stops placed on both sides of the stator and a locking mechanism mounted on the guide sleeve, while the stator is made of two separate sections and adjacent to each other, and the locking mechanism, stops and stator sections are interconnected by means of various thickness removable rings mounted on the guide sleeve with the ability to accurately fix the relative position of the said stator sections relative to each other and stops, and the required thickness of the removable rings perform a set of a package of thinner ones.

The drawing shows a longitudinal section of the proposed electromagnetic impact machine.

A synchronous electromagnetic percussion machine comprises a housing 1 with stator sections located inside, including a magnetic circuit 2 with a forward coil 3 and a magnetic circuit 4 with a reverse coil 5, a guide sleeve 6 with a striker 7 installed in it with the possibility of axial movement and interaction with the working tool 8 and a buffer 9, as well as a separately mounted power supply 10. The guide sleeve 6 is rigidly connected to the axle box 11 and the buffer housing 12. Between the buffer 9 and the buffer housing 12 a spring 13 is placed.

A locking mechanism for securing the stator sections is installed on the guide sleeve, comprising a stop 14 made in the form of a washer with a recess in inner diameter, which includes a locking ring 15, spring 16 installed with preliminary compression, which acts as a locking element and a stop 17, which is an external end surface buffer enclosures 12.

Between the stop 17 and the magnetic circuits 2 and 4, detachable rings 18 and 19 of various thicknesses are installed, providing accurate fixation of the positions of the stator section.

Synchronous electromagnetic shock machine operates as follows.

When connecting the machine to a single-phase AC network, the power supply 10 generates voltage pulses, alternately supplied to the coils 3, 5 forward and reverse. When a voltage pulse is applied to the forward coil 3 under the action of the arising electromagnetic force, the firing pin 7 moves towards the working tool 8 and strikes it. After striking and rebounding the striker 7 from the working tool 8, a voltage pulse is simultaneously applied to the reverse coil 5. Under the action of the emerging electromagnetic force, the firing pin 7 accelerates toward the spring-loaded buffer 9 and strikes it. After striking, due to the fact that the mass of the spring-loaded buffer 9 is greater than the mass of the striker, the striker 7 bounces off the buffer 9 and begins accelerated movement towards the working tool 8 under the influence of electromagnetic forces of the forward-running coil 3 at this moment. At the same time, the buffer 9 moves back, compressing the spring 13 and, making an oscillatory movement, moves to meet the striker 7, who returns after hitting the working tool 8. Then the cycle repeats.

The synchronous electromagnetic impact machine is powered by a half-wave rectification circuit.

Adjustment and fine tuning to the optimal operating mode is as follows.

Due to the design of the removable stator, containing two independent and separate sections in the form of magnetic circuits 2, 4 with coils 3, 5, as well as the provided possibility of installing removable rings 18, 19, coordination between the current flow time in a single coil and the position of the striker at the moment time in the mode of forced oscillations of the mechanical system is carried out by selecting the required thickness of the rings.

As follows from the drawing, the installation of different thickness of the removable rings 18 and 19 allows you to change the position of the stator sections along the length of the axis of the guide sleeve 6, both with respect to each other and relative to the fixed positions of the stops 14, 17 and thereby fine-tune to the optimum mode of operation due to changes in the stroke of the striker 7 under the action of electromagnetic forces created by coils 3, 5 during forward and reverse stroke of the striker 7.

The design of the device provides independent adjustment of the positions of the stator sections during forward and reverse striking, which provides for maintaining the position relative to the stops of one of the sections and changing the position of the other section, which ensures fine tuning of the mechanical system as a whole.

To ensure accurate tuning to the optimal mode of operation, it is advisable to carry out the necessary thickness of the removable rings with a set of thinner bags.

The value of the pre-loaded spring 16 is selected from the condition of reliable fixation of the mutual position of the separate sections of the stator during operation, eliminating the collision of the removable rings mechanically connected with them and the stop.

The proposed solution provides fine tuning to the optimal operating mode and increases the efficiency of a synchronous electromagnetic percussion machine.

Claims (2)

1. A synchronous electromagnetic percussion machine, comprising a housing, a power supply, a working tool, a spring-loaded buffer, a buffer housing and an axle box rigidly connected to the guide sleeve, located inside the guide of the firing pin, a stator including a magnetic circuit with forward and reverse coils, a stator mounting mechanism made in the form of two stops placed on both sides of the stator and a locking mechanism mounted on the guide sleeve, characterized in that the stator is made of two separate and adjacent d sections to each other, while the locking mechanism, stops and stator sections are interconnected by means of various thickness removable rings mounted on the guide sleeve with the ability to accurately fix the relative position of the said stator sections relative to each other and stops. 2. The synchronous electromagnetic percussion machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the required thickness of the removable rings is performed by a set of a package of thinner rings.