RU2499909C2 - Bottom hydraulic power plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: bottom hydraulic power plant comprises turbines, made in the form of screws 6, installed in a river flow and lowered to its bottom, for instance, from a bridge rack 1 or from a float base, a current generator 15 and its drive. The outer circuit of each turbine represents a cylindrical shell, on the outer side with a coupling 8, for instance, of spindle type, which connects the augers 6, if there are more than one of them, into blocks that may close the entire clear section of the river, if required. Each turbine in the block or the entire block are fixed in bearings on a movable frame 3 that moves preferably in the vertical plane.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to simplify design and to increase its reliability, development of a hydraulic power plant with submerged turbines, which may take maximum of energy potential from a river during the year.

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Description

The invention relates to damless hydropower and can be applied in any region of Russia and the world to obtain free flow of rivers and streams of electric current without building dams on rivers.

The proposed hydroelectric power station can be stationary, mobile or floating.

Known, for example, a hydroelectric power station, according to patent No. 2269672, (author G. G. Ushakov), made in the form of a catamaran, which houses a drive of current generators, current generators, a stabilization system for current parameters, an underwater active turbine that can operate in a completely submerged state , and her lift. The hydroelectric turbine is designed as a conveyor belt mounted on a rib at an angle to the river flow. Throughout the entire width and length of the conveyor belt, turbine blades are made, for example, made of elastic material. Each blade is made in the form of a bucket, capable of folding and lying on the conveyor belt, when switching from the working to the idle branch of the conveyor, which has a pocket on the outer surface for automatically raising the blade by the river flow, when it moves from the idle to the working position. In addition, the station is equipped with devices that allow you to change the angle of the turbine to the river flow during the operation of the station.

The active turbine, according to patent No. 2269672, is lowered into the river flow on the pantograph and connected to the generator drive through an overrunning clutch, which allows several turbines to operate on one power take-off shaft at the same time.

A well-known hydroelectric station, according to patent No. 2171731, (author G.G. Ushakov). In a hydroelectric power station, according to patent No. 2171731, an underwater turbine is used as an engine, each blade of which is made in the form of a series of buckets installed in a line with blind external components, the bottoms of which are assembled from overlapping each other pivotally mounted on the external forming parts of the bucket, curtains, whose the rotation axes do not coincide with their longitudinal axis of symmetry and the rotation of which around its axis is limited, and the curtain itself is made in the form of two thin plates assembled in a package. - (“Active Turbine” Patent RU№2161731, C1, according to Application No. 99122429/06 of 01/26/1999, Publ. Bull. No. 110.01.2001, Author G. Ushakov).

The active turbine, according to patent No. 2161731, is lowered into the river flow on a pantograph and connected to the generator drive through an overrunning clutch, which allows several turbines to operate on the same power take-off shaft. It has established itself as a turbine capable of operating without a decrease in efficiency, completely submerged in water, as an underwater (bottom) turbine. The theoretical foundations of the patent developed by the author No. 2161731, a new type of underwater turbine, were published in the journal "ELECTRO", No. 1, 2007. In the article "Experience in the development and testing under load, a floating hydroelectric power station, its improvement and increase in power."

The closest in technical essence is a hydroelectric power station, according to patent EP 0222352 A2, 11/07/1986, F03B 17/06.

According to this invention, the bottom hydroelectric power station, including turbines, frames lowered to the river bottom from a bridge overpass or floating base, a current generator, its drive and station life support elements, is characterized in that each station turbine is made in the form of screws installed in the river stream with the possibility of independent and free from each other rotation, wound in different directions.

The objective of the invention is to create a hydroelectric power station with underwater (under-ice) turbines, which can take the maximum of its energy potential from the river throughout the year.

The problem is solved in that the bottom hydroelectric power station, including turbines made in the form of screws, installed in the stream of the river and lowered to its bottom, for example from a bridge overpass or from a floating base, a current generator and its drive, characterized in that the external circuit of each turbine it is a cylindrical shell, on the outside with a gearing, for example a pin, connecting the screws, if there are more than one, into blocks capable, if necessary, of blocking the entire living section of the river and with the drive of the current generator, etc. each turbine than in the unit or the whole unit are fixed in bearings on a moving, preferably in the vertical plane of the frame.

Figure 1 shows a variant of the bottom hydroelectric power station on a stationary base, side view.

Figure 2 is the same station, a plan view.

The proposed hydroelectric power station includes, for example, a bridge overpass - 1, which can capture part of the river or block its entire course, made of two farms with a free opening between them, in which the guides - 2 are vertically fixed, the frames are mixed in the guides - 2 3.

In the framework - 3, in the rolling bearings - 4 the axles - 5 are movably fixed, on which the hubs of the screws - 6 are dressed.

The screws on the external contour have a cylindrical shell - 7. On the outer side of the shell - 7 of each screw, a gearing is made - 8, for example, a pin, which directly or through satellites - 9 connects the screws, if more than one screw, into one turbine block, capable, if necessary , block the entire living section of the river.

One of the screws of the turbine block, for example satellite - 10, through a bevel gear - 11 mounted on a movable frame - 12 cardan gear - 13 and gear - 14 are connected to the current generator - 15.

The bridge overpass can be covered with a roof and have a hoist beam - 16, designed to lift turbines from the river or to install them on the workplace.

The hydrostation operates as follows: the river flow, rotating the screws of the turbines meshed with each other, creates a torque that is transmitted from the turbines of the hydroelectric power station to the current generator. It can change during the operation of a hydroelectric power plant by reducing or increasing the number of turbines in the block and installing devices in front of or behind the turbines, for example confusers and diffusers, known and used in hydraulic engineering, to increase the flow rates in the turbine working area.

When a single auger of a turbine is directly engaged with a nearby auger, each auger has the opposite winding of the auger. If the screws of the turbines, according to the project conditions, should have the same winding in the direction, they are connected via satellites - 9. The total torque from the turbine block is transmitted to the shaft of the current generator - 15. The generator generates current.

Claims (1)

The bottom hydroelectric power station, including turbines made in the form of screws, installed in the river flow and lowered to its bottom, for example, from a bridge overpass or from a floating base, a current generator and its drive, characterized in that the external circuit of each turbine is a cylindrical shell, on the outside with engagement, for example, a pin, connecting the screws, if there are more than one, into blocks capable, if necessary, of blocking the entire living section of the river, and with a drive of a current generator, with each turbine in the block or the entire block ok fixed in bearings on a movable, mainly in the vertical plane, frame.

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