RU2499660C1 - Plant for finishing low-stiffness parts - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machine building and can be used in finishing and hardening of low-stiffness parts in free state. Proposed plant comprises rumbler mounted at the bed and composed of helical strips coiled in vertical plane in lengthwise direction and flexed in helical lines in transverse direction with variable width and flexed in notches with skewed walls in crosswise-lengthwise direction and arranged in pairs at the angle to each other on strip both sides. Said barrel-shape rumbler is composed of strips with curved side edges circumscribed by curves of different order and degree of curvature coiled at barrel-like mandrel in lengthwise-crosswise direction to make curvilinear faces. All adjacent faces are located at obtuse angle to each other on strip inner and outer sides to intersect so that smooth helical lines of the main and opposite directions and smooth helical lines of said direction are formed on rumbler inner and outer surfaces. Concave spring with device to vary turn pitch is arranged along rumbler length.

EFFECT: expanded operating performances.

7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used for finishing, cleaning and hardening processing of parts in a free state.

A device for tumbling is known (AS No. 1433774, class B24B 31/02, published in BI No. 40, 1988), comprising a tumbling drum mounted on a frame with a rotation drive and means for loading and unloading, made in the form multi-lead screw columns of at least three strips, rolled in the longitudinal and transverse directions.

The disadvantage is the limited technological capabilities due to the conditionally cylindrical shape of the tumbling drum and the need to tilt the entire tumbling drum to increase the speed of movement of the workpieces from loading to unloading, as well as limited technological capabilities when processing parts of low rigidity

Closest to the proposed invention is a device for tumbling (RF patent No. 2227089, class B24B 31/02, published in BI No. 11, 2004), containing a tumbling drum mounted on the frame, made of screw strips, rolled up in a vertical plane in the longitudinal direction, made curved along helical lines in the transverse direction with a variable width, bent along strips of notches with beveled walls in the transverse longitudinal direction, arranged in pairs at an angle to each other on one side of the strips.

The disadvantages are limited technological capabilities when processing parts of low rigidity.

The technical solution is to expand technological capabilities.

The technical solution is achieved by the fact that in the device for finishing and cleaning processing of parts of low rigidity, comprising a tumbling drum mounted on the frame, made of screw strips, rolled in a vertical plane in the longitudinal direction, made curved along helical lines in the transverse direction with a variable width bent along strips notches with beveled walls in the transverse longitudinal direction, arranged in pairs at an angle to each other on one side on the other side of the strips, characterized in that the tumbling drum is made of a concave shape from strips of concave curvilinear shape with lateral edges described by curves of various orders and degrees of curvature, rolled on a concave mandrel in the longitudinal-transverse direction with the formation of faces of a curved shape, while each adjacent face of a curved shape is located at an obtuse angle of one to other from the outer and inner sides of the concave curved stripes with side edges described by curves of various orders and degrees of curvature intersect with each other calling smooth helical lines of the main direction on the outer surface and smooth helical grooves on the inner surface of the concave tumbling drum, as well as smooth helical lines on the outer surface of the opposite direction and smooth helical grooves of the opposite direction inside the concave tumbling drum, and along the entire length of the concave tumbling drum shaped mounted concave spring with a device for changing the pitch of the turns by stretching or compressing it.

According to the patent technical literature, no technical solution was found that is similar to the claimed one, which allows one to judge the inventive step of the proposed design of the device for finishing and cleaning of low rigidity parts.

The novelty lies in the fact that due to the internal helical surfaces of double curvature, the velocity vectors of the working medium and the parts to be processed during transportation from loading to unloading change, which contributes to the intensification of the process of finishing and cleaning and expands technological capabilities.

The novelty of the proposal also lies in the fact that inside the tumbling drum of a concave shape with a complex inner surface in the form of a combination of two curved surfaces at each point there are multidirectional components of the movement, which expands the technological capabilities.

The novelty also lies in the fact that inside the entire length of the concave tumbling drum a concave spring is mounted, which not only ensures the movement of materials from loading to unloading, but also compresses the concave shape of the working medium particles and workpieces inside the tumbling drum, which expands technological capabilities .

The novelty also lies in the fact that the concave spring mounted inside the concave tumbling drum is equipped with a device for changing the pitch of the turns, which allows you to influence the nature of the movement of the particles of the working medium and the parts to be processed inside the concave tumbling drum and provides speed control of their movement from loading to unloading.

The novelty lies in the fact that the strips are folded on a concave mandrel, which provides the ability to create smooth transitions from one curved face to another, expands technological capabilities, providing the ability to process easily damaged parts.

The novelty lies in the fact that the strips are rolled up on a concave mandrel, which ensures the creation of concave-shaped faces along a perimeter of a tumbling drum with a curved surface and expands technological capabilities, providing the possibility of processing easily damaged parts - parts of low rigidity.

The novelty is that the concave tumbling drum is made of concave curved stripes with side edges described by curves of various orders and degrees of curvature, which ensures smooth transitions from one curved face to another and the creation of smooth helical lines around the tumbling drum.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a General view of a device for finishing and cleaning processing of parts of low rigidity; figure 2 - tumbling drum concave shape mounted from six screw concave strips of curvilinear shape of various orders and degrees of curvature; figure 3 - view a in figure 2; figure 4 - one of the concave strips of curvilinear shape of various orders and degrees of curvature with notches with beveled walls; figure 5 is a section bb in figure 4; 6 is a view of a concave strip of curvilinear shape of various orders and degrees of curvature with notches with beveled walls after twisting its ends relative to the horizontal axis; 7 is a view of a concave strip of curvilinear shape of various orders and degrees of curvature with notches with beveled walls after twisting it on a concave mandrel.

The proposed device for finishing and cleaning of parts of low rigidity consists of a frame 1, made in the form of a welded frame. A drive of the main movement is fixed on the bed, consisting of an electric motor 2, a gearbox 3 and four roller bearings 4. The concave tumbling drum 5 is equipped with two rims 6, which are supported by roller bearings 4. A means for loading 7 and unloading 8 is mounted on the frame 1, and Hopper 9 for waste.

Over the hopper 9 in the barrel-shaped tumbling drum 5, holes 10 are made for waste disposal (burr, burr metal, scale, etc.).

To provide additional longitudinal displacement and speed control of the longitudinal movement of particles of abrasive media and workpieces, a concave spring 11 is mounted inside the concave tumbling drum 5, which is equipped with a device for changing the pitch of the coils by stretching or compressing it (not shown in the drawings). The adjustment of the speed of movement of particles of abrasive media and workpieces inside the concave tumbling drum 5 using the spring 11 can be carried out in the process of transporting particles of abrasive media and workpieces inside the concave tumbling drum 5 from loading to unloading.

Concave tumbling drum 5 (figure 2, figure 3) is made of concave strips 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 of curvilinear shape of different order and degree of curvature (figure 4) with notches 18, 19 (figure 4, 5), rolled in a vertical plane in the longitudinal direction relative to the own axis of symmetry of concave strips of curvilinear shape of various orders and degrees of curvature (Fig. 5), curved along helical lines in the transverse direction and bent (Fig. 7, Fig. 8) notches, with beveled walls in the transverse-longitudinal direction, arranged in pairs at an angle of one district to another, on both sides of the concave curved bands of different order and degree of curvature.

Concave stripes 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 are made concave with lateral edges 18 and 19 described by curves of various orders and degrees of curvature, for example, lines of the second order of curvature:

- ellipse x ² / a ² + y ² / b ² = 1;

- parabola y ² = 2 * p * x;

- hyperbola y = k / x;

Lines of the third order of curvature and higher:

- Cartesian leaf x ³ + y ³ -3 * a * x * y = 0;

- Annezi curl y = a ³ * (α ² + x ² );

- stanoid y ³ = x ² (a + x) / (ax);

- Pascal snail (x ² + y ² -2R * x) ² -a ² * (x ² + y ² ) = 0, etc .;

and lines of the nth order of curvature - polynomials.

Since the concave curved stripes of various orders and degrees of curvature 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 have a variable width (Fig. 4), the concave tumbling drum 5 (Fig. 2, Fig. 3) has a variable longitudinal section and a variable cross-sectional passage along the length of the concave tumbling drum 5. In addition, concave curved stripes of various orders and degrees of curvature 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 are ribbed in the longitudinal-transverse direction, forming alternating faces of a curved shape, for example, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 for concave polo systems of curvilinear shape of various orders and degrees of curvature, for example, 13. Moreover, every two adjacent faces of a curvilinear shape, for example, 18 and 19, 19 and 20, etc. are located at an obtuse angle to one another from the outside and inside of the concave strips of curvilinear shape of various orders and degrees of curvature intersect with each other with the formation of smooth helical lines of the main direction, for example, 26-27-28-29-30-31-32-33- 34, on the outer surface and smooth helical grooves on the inner surface of the concave tumbling drum 5 (FIG. 2, FIG. 3). In figure 2, figure 3 one of the smooth helical lines of the main direction 26-27-28-29-30-31-32-33-34 is shown by a thickened line. Smooth helical grooves and smooth helical lines of the opposite direction, for example, 35-36-37-38-39-29-40-41-42, which are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, are also thickened on the outer surface of the concave tumbling drum 5 line. The smooth helical lines along the outer surface of the concave tumbling drum 5 have the same position designations with their corresponding smooth helical grooves on the inner surface, the smooth helical grooves and smooth helical lines of the concave tumbling drum 5 can have a different number of strokes and different steps.

On strips of concave curvilinear shape of various orders and degrees of curvature 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, before cutting, cuts 18, 19 are made with beveled walls arranged in pairs at an angle to one another, such as, for example, in FIG. 4, FIG. .5 through milling, pressure treatment, etc. The geometry and magnitude of the angles Δ, ξ, σ, τ, ν, χ of the bevels of the notches and their mutual arrangement corresponds to the number of approaches and step sizes of smooth helical lines of the main and opposite directions.

The incisions 18, 19 create (FIG. 4, FIG. 5) alternately from opposite sides of each strip of concave curvilinear shape of different order and degree of curvature 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17. Then, relative to the longitudinal axis, each of the concave bands of curved shape of different order and degree of curvature 12,13,14,15,16,17 twist in a vertical plane relative to the longitudinal axis of the strip of concave curvilinear shape of different order and degree of curvature. Figure 6 shows one of the concave curved strips of various orders and degrees of curvature, for example 12, twisted in a vertical plane along its longitudinal axis, with lateral edges 20 and 21 located along helical lines along the longitudinal axis.

A strip of convex curvilinear shape of various orders and degrees of curvature previously twisted in a vertical plane relative to the longitudinal axis, for example 12, is placed on a concave mandrel 41 (Fig. 7) and bent so that the edges 20 and 21 are placed along helical lines and in the transverse direction. After bending in the cross section, each concave strip of curvilinear shape of a different order and degree of curvature is rotated relative to the longitudinal axis of the mandrel of a concave shape so that its edges also form a smooth helical line in the transverse direction of the strip with the same pitch for all concave strips of curvilinear shape of different order and degree of curvature . After that, a strip of convex curvilinear shape of various orders and degrees of curvature, for example 12, is deformed and removed from the mandrel 41, or fixed on the mandrel 41. The remaining concave strips, for example 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, are processed in a similar way. thus, concave curved strips of various orders and degrees of curvature are placed on the mandrel 41, combined and connected by known methods, for example, by welding.

The proposed device for finishing and cleaning of parts of low rigidity works as follows.

In the concave tumbling drum 5 through the means 7 for loading, the working medium and the parts to be processed are continuously loaded. During the rotation of the concave tumbling drum 5, the particles of abrasive media and the workpieces supplied through the loading nozzle of the tool 7 are moved using curved faces that capture portions of particles of the abrasive particles and the workpieces and lift them up to a certain height, then the mass of the workpieces and particles of abrasive media roll along helical grooves. Thus, when the concave tumbling drum rotates, the working medium and parts move along helical lines and are discharged from the drum 5 into the means 8 for unloading. Processing waste (burr, metal, burrs, scale, etc.) through the hole 10 are discharged from the drum 5 into the waste bin 9. The spring of the concave shape 11 provides not only control of the speed of movement of particles of the working media and the workpieces inside the concave tumbling drum, but also provides their compression along the length of the concave tumbling drum, thus intensifying the processing process and provides expanding technological capabilities.

Technical and economic advantages arise due to the creation of the expansion of technical capabilities and the creation of processing capabilities for low rigidity parts, the creation of smooth screw grooves and curved faces inside the concave tumbling drum along the perimeter, as well as a concave shape placed inside the spring.

Claims (1)

A device for finishing and cleaning processing of parts of low rigidity, comprising a tumbling drum mounted on the frame, made of helical strips rolled in a vertical plane in the longitudinal direction and made curved along helical lines in the transverse direction with a variable width and bent in the transverse-longitudinal direction along the notches with beveled walls arranged in pairs at an angle to each other on both sides of the strips, characterized in that the tumbling drum is made of a concave shape of strips of vogue a curved shape with lateral edges described by curves of various orders and degrees of curvature, rolled on a concave mandrel in the longitudinal-transverse direction with the formation of faces of a curved shape, while each adjacent face of a curved shape is located at an obtuse angle to one another from the outer and inner sides of the aforementioned stripes and intersect with each other with the formation of smooth helical lines of the main direction on the outer surface and smooth helical grooves on the inner surface of the tumbling drum a concave shape and smooth screw on the outer surface line of the opposite direction and smooth helical grooves in opposite directions concave shape inside a tumbler, wherein the entire length of a tumbler concave shape mounted spring concave shape with a device for changing the pitch of through its extension or compression.

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