RU2498945C1 - Water treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to water treatment and can be used for water ozone treatment. Proposed device comprises water feed pipeline with strainer, water discharge pipeline, pipeline to feed ozone from ozone generator connected with ejector, means to discharge ozone-bearing gas, discharge pipeline, bypass pipeline with check valve, hydraulic lock, pump, filtration vessel with bed filter, drainage system level indicator, 1, 2, 3and 4shutoff devices, control unit connected with gages and control circuits of ozone generator, pump hydraulic lock and 1, 2, 3and 4shutoff devices. Note here that ozone feed pipeline is connected with ejector. Means to discharge ozone-bearing gas is composed of ozone destructor arranged atop filtration vessel and connected therewith via air shutoff valve. Flushing water discharge pipeline is connected with discharge from filtration vessel via hydraulic lock. 3shutoff valve is arranged in water feed line downstream of strainer to connect it with ejector and bypass line with check valve connected via 2shutoff valve and pump with drainage system outlet and, via 4shutoff valve with water discharge line. 1shutoff valve arranged in branch pipe of water feed line downstream of said strainer connects the latter with drainage system. Bed filter is composed of catalyst consisting of pelletised nano-structured based of natural green earth, thermally expanded graphite without extra binder. Sprayers are arranged at filtration vessel top part and connected with shutoff valve and pump and are automatically controlled along with ozone generator by control unit. Note here that sprayer nozzles are located: One at the center while others are arranged in concentric circles located in one plane, their number being defined by calculation.EFFECT: higher quality of cleaning and efficient use of ozone.2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a water treatment technique and can be used for the ozonation of drinking water from centralized water supply systems.

A device is known that contains a housing, electrodes located in it, pipelines (pipes) for supplying and discharging water, a pipeline for supplying oxygen-containing gas and means for removing exhausted ozone-containing gas, made in the form of a corresponding pipeline, moreover, the high-voltage electrode is made in the form of a multi-tip electrode in the form of a ruff, and a grounded electrode in the form of a cylinder, the bushing of the high-voltage electrode forms an annular gap with a grounded electrode, through which water is supplied, and the water supply pipe is located in the area of the grounded electrode and the bushing, the oxygen supply gas pipe is connected to the hollow current lead of the high voltage electrode, and the grounded electrode is connected to the water and ozone mixture distribution system [Patent RU 2136602, IPC C02F 1 / 46, published on 09/10/1999].

The disadvantage of this device is the relatively poor quality of cleaning.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed one is a device containing a water supply pipe, a water drain pipe, an ozone supply pipe from an ozone generator, as well as a means for discharging waste ozone-containing gas, a drain washing pipe, a coarse filter installed in the water supply pipe, a bypass a pipeline with a non-return valve, a water seal, a pump, a contact-filter tank containing an ejector located in its upper part, a bulk carbon filter containing grain a true activated carbon filter and located in its lower part, a drainage system located under the carbon filter, and a level sensor, first, second, third and fourth locking devices, a control unit connected to a level sensor and to the control circuits of the ozone generator, pump, water trap and the first second, third and fourth locking devices, and the ozone supply pipe from the ozone generator is connected to the ejector, the means for removing the spent ozone-containing gas is made in the form of an ozone destructor, setting in the upper part of the contact-filter tank and connected to it through the air separation valve, the outlet washing pipe is connected to the outlet from the upper part of the contact-filter tank through a water seal, a third shut-off device is installed in the water supply pipe behind the coarse filter and connects it to the ejector and a bypass pipe with a check valve, which is connected to the outlet of the drainage system through the second shut-off device and pump, and through the shut-off device installed behind the second Ohm, the fourth locking device is connected to the water drainage pipe, and the first locking device installed in the drainage from the water supply pipe behind the coarse filter connects it to the drainage system [Patent RU 94968, IPC C02F 1/76, published June 10, 2010].

The disadvantage of this device is the relatively low quality of treatment, the relatively low efficiency of using ozone for water purification and the small mass transfer surface between water and the ozone-gas mixture of purification.

An object of the invention is to improve the quality of water purification and the efficiency of use of ozone for water purification, as well as increasing the mass transfer surface between water and the ozone-gas mixture.

The technical problem is solved in that the installation for water purification contains: a water supply pipe with a coarse filter, a water drain pipe, an ozone supply pipe from an ozone generator connected to an ejector, a means for discharging the spent ozone-containing gas, a discharge wash pipe, a bypass pipe with non-return valve, hydraulic lock, pump, contact-filter tank with a bulk filter located in its lower part, drainage system, level sensor, first, second, third and fourth shut-off valves the control unit connected to the level sensor and to the control circuits of the ozone generator, pump, water trap and the first second, third and fourth shut-off devices, the ozone supply pipe from the ozone generator connected to the ejector, the means for removing the spent ozone-containing gas is made in the form of a destructor ozone installed in the upper part of the contact-filter tank and connected to it through an air separation valve, the outlet flush pipe is connected to the outlet from the top of the contact of the filter and filter container through a water trap, a third shut-off device is installed in the water supply pipe behind the coarse filter and connects it to the ejector and the bypass pipe with a check valve, which is connected to the outlet of the drainage system through the second shut-off device and pump, and through the second shut-off device installed the fourth shut-off device is connected to the water drain pipe, and the first shut-off device installed in the drain from the water supply pipe behind the coarse filter it fades with a drainage system, a bulk filter element - a catalyst made in the form of a granular nanostructured sorbent based on natural glauconite, thermally expanded graphite without a third-party binder, spraying devices installed in the upper part of the contact-filter tank, which are connected by a pipeline to the shut-off device and the pump, automatically synchronously controlled by the sensor of the control unit simultaneously with the ozone generator, and the nozzles of the spraying device are located: the bottom in the center, and the rest of concentric circles lying in one plane, the number of which is determined by the formula:

, $${\text{n}}_{\text{cr}}=\frac{D}{2d}+\mathrm{one}$$

,

where D is the diameter of the tank, m;

d is the diameter of the spray jet, m,

the number of nozzles located on one circle is determined by the formula:

, $$n_f=\frac{\pi D_f}{0.5d}$$

,

where D _f - the diameter of the circle with nozzles, m,

the diameter of each subsequent circle along which the nozzles are larger than the previous one by the diameter of the torch created by the nozzle, or

, $$D_f^n=D_f^{n-\mathrm{one}}+d$$

,

the distance between the concentric circles, starting from the center, is equal to the distance between the nozzles and is determined by the formula:

L = H = 0.5d,

where L is the distance between the nozzles in a circle, m;

H - distance between circles, m.

The use of a sorbent based on natural glauconite, thermally expanded graphite without a third-party binder will improve the quality of water purification from iron ions by 0.48 mg / l, manganese ions - 0.38 mg / l, copper ions - 3.01 mg / l.

Figure 1 presents the functional diagram of the installation for water purification. Figure 2 presents the layout of the nozzles, a top view.

Installation for water purification contains the first 1, second 2, third 3 and fourth 4 shut-off devices, a water trap 5, a water supply pipe 6, a water drain pipe 7, an ozone supply pipe 8 from an ozone generator, and also a means 9 for removing the spent ozone-containing gas, a discharge washing pipe 10, a coarse filter 11 installed in the water supply pipe 6, a bypass pipe 12 with a non-return valve, a contact-filter tank 13 containing an ejector 14 located in its upper part, a bulk filter 15, is placed located in its lower part and containing a granular nanostructured sorbent based on natural glauconite, thermally expanded graphite without a third-party binder, and a drainage system 16 located under the bulk filter 15, pump 17, level sensor 18 located in the contact-filter tank 13, and block 19 control connected to the level sensor 18 and to the control circuits of the ozone generator 8, first 1, second 2, third 3 and fourth 4 shut-off devices and pump 17, means 9 for removing the spent ozone-containing gas are made in de ozone destructor, is installed in the upper part of the contact and filter tank 13 and connected to it through an air separation valve, the outlet washing pipe 10 is connected to the outlet from the upper part of the contact and filter tank 13 through a water trap 5, a third shut-off device 3 is installed in the water supply conduit 6 after the coarse filter 11 and connects it to the ejector 14 and the bypass pipe 12 with a check valve, which through the second locking device 2 and the pump 17 is connected to the outlet of the drainage system 16, and through the fourth locking device 4 installed behind the second locking device 2 is connected to the water discharge pipe 7, and the first locking device 1, installed in the tap from the water supply pipe 6 behind the coarse filter 11, connects it to the drainage system 16, the bulk filter element is a catalyst made in the form of a granular nanostructured sorbent based on natural glauconite, thermally expanded graphite without a third-party binder 15, as well as the fact that spraying devices 22 with nozzles 23 are introduced updated in the upper part of the contact-filter tank 13, which are connected by a pipeline to the locking device 21 and the pump 20, automatically synchronously controlled by the sensor of the control unit 19 simultaneously with the ozone generator.

Works installation for water purification as follows.

Source water under a pressure of at least 2.5 atmospheres is supplied from the water supply pipe 6 through the filter 11 and the shut-off device 3 to the ejector 14 of the contact-filter tank 13. Ozone is drawn into the gas inlet of the ejector 14 connected through the pipe 8 to the ozone generator, or ozone-air mixture and mixes with the flow of supplied water after rough cleaning. At the same time, water from the pipeline 6 through the shut-off device 21 and the pump 20 is supplied to the spray device 22 and nozzles 23, creating a water curtain and thereby increasing the efficiency of using ozone for water purification, delaying the ozone-gas mixture in the contact-filter tank 13, and while this also increases the mass transfer surface between water and the ozone-gas mixture.

Passing through the ejector 14 and saturated with dissolved ozone, water enters the contact volume (upper part) of the contact-filter tank 13. In the contact volume of the contact-filter tank 13, the water to be treated is held for a certain time (from 3 to 5 minutes). During this period, water contacts with ozone, which is necessary for disinfecting water and oxidizing (converting into insoluble form) compounds of iron, manganese, and other oxidizable metals, as well as oxidizing dissolved organic compounds and hydrogen sulfide. Dissolved oxidizable inclusions are oxidized to insoluble compounds. Air with ozone residues in the form of bubbles rises and leaves the contact-filter tank 13 into the atmosphere through means 9 for removing the spent ozone-containing gas, made in the form of an ozone destructor. Ozonated water enters and passes through bulk filter 15, where insoluble oxidized forms are filtered off, and the remaining organic compounds and ozonolysis products are catalytically oxidized and residual dissolved ozone is eliminated.

Then the water from the contact-filter tank 13 through the drainage system 16 is taken and using the pump 17 is supplied to the consumer.

Since the water entering the bulk filter 15, located in the lower part of the contact-filter tank 13 and containing a granular nanostructured sorbent based on natural glauconite, thermally expanded graphite without a third-party binder, contains an excess of dissolved ozone, it works as a catalyst in the installation.

In the regeneration (backwashing) mode of the bulk filter 15, containing granular nanostructured sorbent based on natural glauconite, thermally expanded graphite without a third-party binder, when opening the first shut-off device 1, the source water is sent to the bottom of the filter 15, providing the process of loosening the filter load, then drains by gravity into the sewer, taking with it washed away sedimentary inclusions. With direct flushing immediately following the reverse, water is recycled through the unit, while ozonation and filtration of water in a closed volume occurs, without discharge into the sewer. In this case, water is purified above the filter load, in the thickness of the filter load, the filter load is compacted and prepared for the operating mode.

A feature of the installation is that the water pressure finally lost after the ejector 14 in the contact-filter tank 13 is restored by the pump 17. Thanks to this scheme, the supply of ozone or ozone-air mixture occurs without pressure, providing additional safety for the installation.

Consider the operation of the installation mode.

"Work" mode.

When the water level drops below the permissible level, as indicated by the level sensor 18, the normally closed third shut-off device 3 opens, the ozone generator is turned on and the source water, together with the ejected ozone, enters the contact-filter tank 13, while the ozone generator is turned on, water is supplied through the opening automatically with the supply of the gas-ozone mixture, the shut-off device 21 and the pump 20 to the spray device 22 and the nozzles 23, which occurs between the gas-ozone mixture and the sprayed water . When the water level reaches the maximum permissible level, the water refueling ends, the ozone generator is turned off. The pump 17 operates autonomously, supplying purified water to the consumer, depending on the availability and size of the intake, constantly lowering the water level in the contact and filter tank 13. In an emergency, as a result of which the pressure of the source water drops sharply, the water level in the contact and filter tank 13 decreases to an emergency level and the control unit 18, for example, after 9 s, will stop the pump 17 in dry running.

Automatic mode.

This mode differs from the “work” mode by automatic (by a timer signal at night, or by a signal from a water meter, if necessary), by switching on the “flush” mode. The installation carries out all other functions in the “work” mode. In the absence of such a possibility in automatic mode, washing is done manually.

The “flush” mode is divided into “back flush” and “direct flush”.

"Backwash" mode.

In this mode, the fourth shut-off device 4 is closed, blocking the access of the raw untreated water to the clean water pipeline and the first shut-off device 1 is opened. When the first shut-off device 1 is opened, the source water, entering the drainage system 16, loosens the filter load, flushes the precipitated suspensions from it, taking them into the sewer through a branch located in the upper part of the contact-filter tank 13 and a water trap 5. When the contact-filter tank 13 is overflowed, for example, due to a non-recovering channel lysis, the level sensor 18 is triggered, which, due to the operation of the control unit 19, leads to the closure of the first shut-off device, for example, by 9-15 seconds, during which the water level decreases and the “backwash” mode is restored. The “backwash” time is set when the unit starts.

Direct flush mode.

In this mode, the fourth locking device 4 is closed, and the second locking device 2 is opened. The pump 17 and the ozone generator are turned on. Water is recycled with ozone through the unit. The “direct flush” time is set when the unit starts.

Thus, thanks to the introduced improvements - a bulk filtering element - a catalyst made in the form of a granular nanostructured sorbent based on natural glauconite, thermally expanded graphite without a third-party binder, spraying devices located in the upper part of the contact-filter tank, which are connected by a pipeline to a shut-off device and a pump , automatically synchronously controlled by the sensor of the control unit simultaneously with the ozone generator, the required The main goal is to improve the quality of water treatment and the efficiency of using ozone for water treatment, as well as to increase the mass transfer surface between water and the ozone-gas mixture.

Claims (1)

Installation for water purification, comprising a water supply pipe with a coarse filter, a water drain pipe, an ozone supply pipe from an ozone generator connected to an ejector, a means for discharging waste ozone-containing gas, a discharge washing pipe, a bypass pipe with a check valve, a water seal, a pump, contact-filter tank with a bulk filter located in its lower part, drainage system, level sensor, first, second, third and fourth locking devices, control unit connected with a level sensor and control circuits of the ozone generator, pump, water trap and the first second, third and fourth shut-off devices, moreover, the means for removing the spent ozone-containing gas is made in the form of an ozone destructor installed in the upper part of the contact-filter tank and connected to it through an air separation valve, a discharge washing pipe is connected to a drain from the upper part of the contact-filter tank through a water seal, a third shut-off device is installed in the pipe the water inlet behind the coarse filter and connects it to the ejector and the bypass pipe with a check valve, which is connected to the outlet of the drainage system through the second shut-off device and pump, and through the fourth shut-off device installed behind the second shut-off device, and connected to the water drain pipe, and the first shut-off device a device installed in the branch from the water supply pipeline behind the coarse filter, connects it to the drainage system, characterized in that the bulk filter element-catalyst is made in the form of a granular nanostructured sorbent based on natural glauconite, thermally expanded graphite without a third-party binder, and spraying devices are located in the upper part of the contact-filter tank, which are connected by a pipeline to a shut-off device and a pump automatically synchronously controlled by a control unit sensor simultaneously with an ozone generator, and nozzles spray devices are located: one in the center, the rest in concentric circles lying in the same plane, number TVO is determined by the formula:
$${\text{n}}_{\text{cr}}=\frac{D}{2d}+\mathrm{one,}$$

where D is the diameter of the tank, m;
d is the diameter of the spray jet, m,
the number of nozzles located on one circle is determined by the formula:
$$n_f=\frac{\pi D_f}{0.5d},$$

where D _f - the diameter of the circle with nozzles, m,
the diameter of each subsequent circle along which the nozzles are located is larger than the previous one by the diameter of the torch created by the nozzle, or
$$D_f^n=D_f^{n-\mathrm{one}}+d$$

,
the distance between the concentric circles, starting from the center, is equal to the distance between the nozzles and is determined by the formula:
L = H = 0.5d,
where L is the distance between the nozzles in a circle, m;
H - distance between circles, m.