RU2106897C1 - Method of and device for cleaning the liquids - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: methods of filtering. SUBSTANCE: proposed method includes primary ozonization and treatment by coagulating agents, clarification on layer of inert floating medium, passing through layer of mixture of floating medium and powder sorbent, secondary treatment by coagulating agents, secondary ozonization and filtering through heavy filtering medium. Device has housing divided by central channel into prefilter with floating medium and filter with heavy medium, means for delivering and distributing powder sorbent in layer of floating medium and ejector insert for delivering additional amount of sorbent into influent water supply pipeline. EFFECT: improved efficiency of cleaning. 2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to technologies and facilities for the purification of liquids, in particular natural and wastewater, containing hardly oxidizable impurities of natural and anthropogenic origin, and can be used in water supply and sewage systems.

 A known method of water purification, including primary chlorination, water treatment with coagulants and subsequent purification in sumps or clarifiers with suspended sediment and filters, sorption aftertreatment with activated carbon and disinfection during secondary chlorination (see Shevelev F.A., Orlov G.A. Water supply large foreign countries. M.: Stroyizdat 1987).

 The disadvantage of this method is the formation during the primary chlorination of trihalogenomethanes in the treated water and the inadequate purification effect in the presence of labor-oxidizing organics, as well as the need and complexity of the regeneration of coal loading of stationary adsorbers 3-6 months after its operation. Often this method requires additional pumping of water to the sorption filters.

 A known method for cleaning liquids, the closest in purpose and technical essence to the claimed one, including primary ozonation, reagent water purification in sumps and filters and after-treatment with a powder coal sorbent dosed into the pipeline in front of the pumping station of the first rise and sand quick filters (see Kulsky A. A. Theoretical foundations and technology of water conditioning. M.: Stroyizdat, p. 363, Fig. 278).

 However, this method has an insufficient cleaning effect due to the ineffective use of the sorption capacity of activated powder sorbents when they are mixed with the original untreated water in the fore chamber of the pumping station of the first lift and in the water before the first fine-grained layer of sand loading along the water. The introduction of powdered coal before loading the filter leads to a decrease in the effect of sorption after-treatment, a rapid increase in pressure losses in the load, and a reduction in the duration of the filter cycle.

 The closest analogue to the proposed device is a liquid purification device comprising a housing divided by a central channel into a floating-load prefilter and a heavy-load filter, a vertical baffle installed in the channel, a reagent pipe mixer, an ozone-air atomizer and a horizontal baffle with an opening in which poppet valve, inlet and outlet nozzles and a pipeline for supplying the source liquid (see ed. St. USSR N 1284581, CL B 01 D 23/10, 1987).

 A disadvantage of the known device is the lack of the possibility of additional oxidation of organic contaminants in it and the reuse of washing water after a fine filter.

 The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of water purification from organic and mineral impurities and to save the consumption of wash water.

 The drawing schematically shows a device for implementing the method.

 The device consists of housings 1, divided by a central channel 3 into a prefilter 2 with a combined floating load 4 and a second stage filter 5 with a heavy granular load 6. Inside the channel there is a mixer 7 made in the form of a hole pipe suspended by a cable from a lifting gear mechanism, a spray of ozone-air mixture 8, a vertical partition 9 and a bypass hole with a valve.

 The first and second stages of the two-chamber filter are equipped with pipelines for supplying source water 10, drainage of clean water 11, supply 12 and drainage 13 of washing water and distribution and collection systems of source, clean and washing water 14, 15. A device with an ejector insert 16 is mounted on pipeline 10, to which the powder sorbent supply pipe 17 is connected. The same pipe is connected to the sorbent distribution system 18 in the thickness of the floating load.

 The method of purification of a liquid, such as water, and the operation of the device is as follows.

 The source water, previously treated in the contact tank of primary ozonation with an ozone-air mixture, and then with coagulant and flocculant solutions, is piped to prefilter 2 through pipeline 10. Due to contact coagulation and clarification in the thickness of the lower layer of the floating charge, water is released from suspended solids, color and other ingredients . In the upper combined carbon-foam layer of the prefilter, the ozonolysis products are removed and further treated by contact clarification and sorption. A combined loading layer is formed at the beginning of each filter cycle. The amount of powder sorbent fed into the charge through system 18 during the first half hour from the start of the filter cycle is determined depending on the degree of organic contamination of the source water.

 When it is required to remove hardly oxidizable organic matter from the water, the powder sorbent is additionally fed through the ejector insert 16 into the subfilter space of the floating filter prefilter.

 After passing the combined clarification and sorption loading of the filter of the first stage 2, the water enters the central channel 3, is treated again with a solution of coagulant and ozone and is finally purified on the filter with a heavy zeolite load 6, after which it is discharged through pipeline 11 to a clean water tank where it is disinfected with chlorine.

 After the protective action of the load has been exhausted, or when the maximum pressure loss in it has been reached, the supply of source water is stopped through pipeline 10, the valve in the pipeline 11 is closed, and the washing water is supplied through the pipeline 12 from the second lifting pump station. At the same time, the valve closes the hole in the filter channel.

 Rinsing water from the bottom up rinses the heavy load of the second stage filter, enters through the central valve into the filter space of the filter of the first stage, rinses the floating load from top to bottom and through the system 14 through the collector 13 with the valve open on it is diverted to the sewer.

 After the flushing time has elapsed, the supply of flushing water through the pipeline 12 is stopped, the valve on the pipeline 13 closes. Then the valves on the pipelines 10 and 11 are closed and the filter cycle resumes.

 This purification method can significantly increase the effect of purification from anthropogenic impurities, respond flexibly to changes in the ratio of various ingredients in the source water, and rationally use ozone, sorbent and coagulants separately or in separate combinations in separate combinations.

 An advantage of this method is also the use of a sorbent after contact clarification of water in the first layer of inert floating loading along the water in the first filtration stage. Thanks to the reuse of washing water after the second stage of the filter for washing the first stage, the energy consumption, washing water and the cost of compaction and dewatering of the washing water sludge are significantly reduced. The dewatering of the sludge is also facilitated by the presence of spent sorbent discharged into the tank for receiving washing water during the washing of filters.

Claims (2)

 1. A method of purifying a liquid, including primary ozonation and treatment with coagulants and filtering through a heavy filter load, characterized in that prior to filtering, the liquid to be purified is clarified on a layer of inert floating charge, then subjected to contact clarification-sorption purification by passing the purified liquid through a layer of a floating loading mixture and powder sorbent in the direction from the bottom up, secondary treatment with coagulants and secondary ozonation, and as a filter load using zeolite.  2. A device for cleaning a liquid, comprising a housing divided by a central channel into a floating-load prefilter and a heavy-load filter, a vertical baffle installed in the channel, a reagent pipe mixer, an ozone-air mixture atomizer and a horizontal baffle with an opening in which the poppet valve is installed feed, outlet pipes and piping for supplying the source liquid, characterized in that it is provided with means for supplying and distributing the powder sorbent in the thickness of the floating charge and a prefilter and an ejector insert for supplying an additional amount of sorbent to the pipeline for supplying the source water.