RU2496082C2 - Tank dynamic armor (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: proposed dynamic armor comprises armor plates fitted at tank body and turret at deformable dampers to displace relative to said body and turret. Dynamic armor deformable dampers are made of thin-sheet channels. Cross-section of said thin-sheet channels is shaped to rectangle, trapezoid, multistep triangle or curvilinear elements, said, oval and multistep sinusoid.

EFFECT: reduced dynamic loads at tank body and turret.

2 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The group of inventions relates to devices of armor protection of the hull and turret of the tank.

Known armor protection of the tank [Patent RU 2397429, publ. 08/20/2010, bull. No. 23], in which armor plates in the form of convex bodies are welded or screwed to the hull or turret of the tank.

The disadvantage of such armor protection devices is their lack of effectiveness due to the tight connection of the armor plate with the hull or turret of the tank.

Closest to the claimed invention is a method and device for dynamic protection of a tank [Patent RU 2405643, publ. 12/10/2010, bull. No. 43], comprising a hull and a tower made of welded or cast structures, on the outer surface of which the armor plates are fixed with screws on deformable shock absorbers with the ability to move relative to the hull or tower when interacting with an attacker. In this case, the armor plate has an area exceeding the cross section of the attacking means, and the mass of the armor plate is commensurate with it.

The disadvantage of the considered devices and method is the lack of design and the principle of creating a deformable shock absorber of armor protection.

The main characteristics of the shock absorber of armor protection are: instant perception of enormous dynamic loads, the ability to damp the impact energy of the attacking means in a short time (μs), provide fire resistance and temperature effects, the simplicity of the design of the shock absorber, etc.

The object of the invention is solved due to the fact that in the known dynamic armor protection of a tank containing a hull and a turret of the tank, armor plates mounted on the hull and turret on deformable shock absorbers with the ability to move the armor plates relative to the hull and turret of the tank, in which according to the invention in the first the embodiment of the dynamic armor protection deformable shock absorber is a thin-sheet profile, which is made of rectilinear elements forming a rectangular, trapezoid idenny or triangular section of multistep execution; in the second embodiment of the dynamic armor protection, the deformable shock absorber is a thin-sheet profile of an oval or sinusoidal cross-section of a multi-step design.

The proposed device provides an extension of the functionality of armor protection, increase its reliability.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a side view of the armored tank; figure 2 is a top view of the armor protection, figure 3 is a front view of the armor protection of the tank; figure 4 shows the first version of the armor with a deformable shock absorber made of rectilinear elements forming a rectangular cross-section of a multi-step design; figure 5 shows the attachment of armor plates to the hull and turret of the tank - top view; figure 6 - the first embodiment of the design of dynamic armor, in which the deformable shock absorber is a thin-sheet profile made of rectilinear elements forming a trapezoidal cross-section of multi-step execution; figure 7 presents the second variant of the invention of dynamic armor protection, in which the deformable shock absorber is a thin-sheet profile made of curved elements forming an oval or sinusoidal section of a multi-step design.

The invention comprises a tower 1; hull 2 tanks; caterpillars 3; armor plates of the tower 4, 5; armor plates of the hull 6; armor plates of the left and right sides 7; armor plates 8 of the inter-track space; boss 9 for fixing screws; mounting screws 10, a deformable shock absorber 11, made in the form of a thin-walled profile of a rectangular cross-section of a step-by-step uniform execution (figure 4); deformable shock absorber 12, made in the form of a thin-sheet profile of a trapezoidal cross section with uniform stepping (Fig.6); deformable shock absorber 13, made in the form of a thin-sheet profile with a curved oval cross-section.

The armor plate 4 of the turret 1 of the tank and the armor plate 6 of the hull 2 of the tank (as well as other armor plates) are mounted on flat sections of the turret 1 and the hull 2 with screws 10 fixed in boss 9 welded to the plates of the turret 1 and hull 2 of the tank.

Between the armor plate and the base are installed deformable shock absorbers.

The initial fastening of the armor plate on the turret and hull of the tank is made with an interference fit, providing initial rigidity of the overall design. In the first embodiment of the device, the deformable shock absorber is made of rectilinear elements forming rectangular 11, trapezoidal 12 or triangular sections with a uniform pitch. In the second embodiment of the device, the deformable shock absorber is made in the form of curved oval sections 13 with a uniform pitch. Armored plates 4, 5, 6 and others are fixed with the ability to move when the shock absorber deforms with a large shock load. The movement of the armor plate relative to the tower or hull may be different: translational; angular; flat, i.e. progressive with rotation, depending on the place of impact of the attacking weapon in the armor plate.

To ensure movement of the armored plate in the structure of figure 4, 6, 7, there are vertical and horizontal gaps between the holes in the plates 4, 5, 6 and bosses 9.

The first embodiment of a deformable shock absorber of rectilinear elements and the second embodiment of a shock absorber of curved elements are distinguished by the stiffness of deformation of the shock absorber under the influence of a large load of the attacking means.

Ceteris paribus, deformable shock absorbers of rectangular cross section have a more severe deformation characteristic than shock absorbers of a trapezoidal section or with a curved section of a profile. In addition, the choice of the type of deformable shock absorber depends on the method of its manufacture from a thin-walled sheet.

Consider the possible options for the dynamic armor when the attack means at different points on the surface of the armor plate. When an attacking medium strikes the middle part (area center) of the armor plate, a load arises perpendicular to the plane of the armor plate, which deforms the shock-absorber bearing elements and acts as a quenching of kinetic energy, while the armor plate is able to move forward relative to the fixed base of the hull or tower. The shock absorber deformation occurs at tremendous forces created by the attacking means.

The kinetic energy W (J) of the attacking agent is determined by the formula

, $$W=\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="m\; V"\; filenames="00000005.png,00000008.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m\; </figure-callout>}{V}^{}{}^2}{2}$$

,

where m is the mass of the projectile, m = 15 kg; V is the velocity of the projectile, V = 3000 m / s.

The energy of plastic deformation of the shock absorber can be determined by the formula

, $$A=\frac{c{x}^2}{2}$$

,

where c is the stiffness coefficient of the shock absorber, N / m; x is the movement of the armored plate when the shock absorber is deformed, x = 0.01-0.02 m.

By comparing the values of W and A, you can get an approximate value of the stiffness coefficient of the shock absorber c = (3.3-13.5) 10 ¹¹ N / m

This value of the stiffness coefficient provides the proposed design of the deformable shock absorber. The process of hitting an attacking weapon against an armored plate contains two main phases. In the first phase of the strike, the armor plate acquires speed by reducing the speed of the attacking means.

In the first phase of the strike, the speed of the attacking means will decrease almost twice, and the armor plate acquires the final speed. The second part of the blow consists in the movement of the attacking means and the armor plate with the same speed, as a result of which the shock absorber is deformed and the kinetic energy of the attacking means is damped.

Now we consider the attack of the attacking tool in the edge of the armor plate in the middle of one side of the plate - at points a, b, c, d (figure 5). When the attacking agent hits the plate at any of these points, the armor plate rotates and translates. For example, when an attacker strikes at point g (Fig. 5), the armor plate will turn relative to a line parallel to the opposite side passing through point c. If we neglect the translational movement of the armor plate 4, and only its rotation is taken into account, then the volume of deformation of the shock absorber will look like a prism, and the amount of deformation at the point of impact will almost double.

The considered cases of off-center attack of an attacking weapon at points a, b, c, d are more intense compared to a central strike directly into the gap between adjacent armor plates. When an attacking agent strikes into the gap between two armored plates, the process of turning two armor plates occurs, therefore, the volume of deformation of the shock-absorber bearing elements is equal to the sum of the volumes of deformation of the shock absorber under both armor plates. In this calculated case, the damping of the energy of the attacking means occurs with less deformation of the shock absorber.

The considered cases of the interaction of the attacking means with the armored plate show that in all cases of dynamic interaction the proposed device is efficient and can significantly increase the effectiveness of the armored hull and turret of the tank.

Claims (2)

1. Dynamic armor protection of the tank, containing the hull and turret of the tank, armor plates mounted on the hull and turret on deformable shock absorbers with the ability to move the armor plates relative to the hull and turret of the tank, characterized in that the deformable shock absorbers are thin-sheet profile, the cross section of which is made of straight elements in the form of a rectangle, trapezoid or a triangle of multi-step execution. 2. Dynamic armor protection of the tank, containing the hull and turret of the tank, armor plates installed on the hull and turret on deformable shock absorbers with the ability to move the armor plates relative to the hull and turret of the tank, characterized in that the deformable shock absorbers are thin-sheet profile, the cross section of which is made of curved elements in the form of an oval or sine wave of multi-step execution.

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