RU2496078C2 - Mobile combat laser complex - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: combat vehicle is mounted on caterpillar running gear. Combat laser is mounted at mid rotary platform and comprises liquid propellant engine and resonators arranged perpendicular to its lengthwise axis. Oxidiser and propellant tanks are arranged above said mid rotary platform.

EFFECT: higher operability, battle readiness and fire power.

8 cl, 15 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of weapons, and in particular to means and methods of conducting offensive or defensive operations using several controlled laser beams of incredible power. Product code "Hellfell."

Known multiple launch rocket system according to US Pat. RF №2277687, MKTU F43F 3/04, publ. 06/10/2006, which contains a wheeled chassis with a wheelhouse, a package of tubular guides with screw grooves and horizontal and vertical guidance drives of a package of tubular guides. A gyroscopic system for measuring the guidance angles of the tubular guide package is additionally placed on the package of tubular guides, and a console for setting the guidance angles of the package of tubular guides and a comparison device are located in the conning tower, the outputs of the gyroscopic measuring system and the console for setting the guidance angles are electrically connected to the input of the comparison device. The output of the comparison device is electrically connected to the drives of horizontal and vertical guidance of the tubular guide package, and the removal of the longitudinal axis of each tubular guide from the axes of horizontal and vertical guidance of the tubular guide package does not exceed a value determined by a given mathematical expression.

The disadvantage is manual reloading of the complex after each salvo.

Known articulated self-propelled anti-aircraft missile system according to the patent for the invention No. 2273815 dated 11/01/2004. This invention relates to the field of armament, in particular to an anti-aircraft missile system, which is made in the form of a base machine containing two extreme and one central section suspended between them by automatic device, with the possibility of uncoupling the extreme sections from the central. The central section is equipped with a radar station for illuminating targets and guiding missiles. Launching units with redundant control panels and an anti-aircraft guided missile launch system are installed at the extreme sections. The implementation of the complex allows to increase its maneuverability and reduce the length of the column during the march. However, the method of firing from this complex has several disadvantages:

- the impossibility of firing rockets with volley, bursts, and generally shells of the type "Smerch", "Hurricane", "Grad", and others of a similar class;

- the inability to transport, load launchers with such rockets;

- a significant decrease in the speed of movement on the march when reaching a combat position, since it is on a tracked track;

- the impossibility of delivering combat shells after firing their first salvo at the enemy.

However, the opposed complex has some common signs of firing with the claimed method of firing from the proposed complex - this is the ability to load the launcher with live shells in a combat position and the ability to transport these combat shells on a march to a combat position.

The aim of this invention is to increase the combat effectiveness of firing rockets of the "Smerch" type in one gulp, bursts and single shots by providing quick charging of the combat vehicle with a launcher with a set of rocket shells using the transport-loading vehicle of the complex, which is located directly and constantly with the combat vehicle, on which the launcher is located.

Famous multiple launch rocket launcher according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2400692, IPC F41F 3/04, publ. 10.27.2010, a prototype containing a combat vehicle with a launcher in the upper part and one transport-loading vehicle on a multi-wheeled chassis.

The combat complex has many disadvantages.

Low survivability of this combat complex. He does not have his own armor, cannon and small arms for conducting close combat after firing rockets. The combat readiness and firepower of the complex is very low, its reloading takes a long time and in the inconvenient relative position of the complex's vehicles.

Known laser pumped by a patent of the Russian Federation No. 1140668, IPC H01S 3/09, publ. 06/30/1994. The following is a brief description and analysis of its shortcomings.

This is a nuclear-pumped gas laser, the cavity of a cylindrical tube of which is filled with a mixture of HE + Xe (in a ratio of 200: 1) with an initial density of ρ ₁ = 0.9256 · 10 ³ g / cm ³ . The outer radius of the uranium-containing layer is -2 r ₂ = 1 cm, its thickness is δ = 0.51810 · 10 ^-3 cm. The material of the layer is uranium dioxide, characterized by a density ρ ₂ = 10.96 g / cm ³ and a concentration of uranium nuclei of ²³⁵ U N1 = 2.47 · 10 ²² poison / cm ³ . The outer radius of the cylindrical tube is -3 r ₃ = 1.1 cm, its thickness Δr ₃ = 0.1 cm; the tube is continuous. The tube material is alloy: zirconium with the addition of uranium ²³⁵ U, its density ρ ₃ = 6.44 g / cm ³ . The initial temperature of the entire system is T _o = 303K. Thermogasdynamic calculations were performed on a computer with an increase in the flux of thermal pump neutrons according to the law ϕ (t) = ϕ _о e ^t / τ _n with a given period τ _n = 1.5 s. ϕ _{o was} assumed equal to 10 ¹³ n / cm ² · s. In the calculations, the concentration of ²³⁵ U in the tube wall material was varied. Curve 5 in FIG. 2 shows the dependence of the coordinate of the boundary of the active generation region on the concentration of uranium-235 nuclei in the tube wall. Thus, direct calculations confirm that the above formulas determine the optimal value of the concentration of uranium nuclei in the tube of the laser cell, which must be provided to effectively compensate for the effects of temperature and density inhomogeneities arising in the working gas.

The efficiency of such a laser with an optimal concentration of ²³⁵ U nuclei in the tube was verified in calculations of thermogasdynamic and optical characteristics when it was operated in the mode of pumping by a thermal neutron flux, which has a time dependence close in shape to a rectangular one with a duration of τ = 1 s. The value ϕ _m = 0.683 · 10 ¹⁴ n / cm ² · s is the maximum value of the thermal neutron flux. Based on the obtained spatio-temporal distributions of the temperature and density of the gas mixture using the time dependence of the thermal neutron pump pulse and the known relations describing the relationship between the gas density and its refractive index, the distribution of the refractive index and the divergence of optical radiation, etc., the change in time relative average intensity of laser radiation.

The optimal concentration of 235 uranium nuclei in the tube of the laser cell is determined by the geometric dimensions and thermophysical parameters of the tube itself of the uranium-containing layer and the working gas medium. When the concentration of uranium 235 nuclei in the tube material changes from zero to the optimal value, the output laser radiation energy monotonically increases to the maximum possible value. With a further increase in concentration, the output radiation energy remains unchanged.

Thus, the introduction of uranium 235 nuclei with an optimal concentration of N into the wall of a nuclear-pumped laser tube allows a significant 15–30-fold increase (with a pump duration of τ≈1 s) to increase the energy of the laser output radiation compared to the prototype. In addition, such a device completely eliminates the possibility of failure of heating of the tube wall and provides synchronization of tracking heating of the tube for heating the working gas medium.

Thus, the well-known gas laser with nuclear pumping according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 1140668, IPC H01 83/09, publ. 06/30/1994 also has disadvantages, the main of which is low efficiency and laser radiation power, which is unacceptable for a combat laser, as this will not only reduce the damaging properties of the laser, but also lead to a huge gas consumption.

The objectives of the invention are improving the survivability of the complex, its combat readiness, firepower and accelerating the refueling of rocket fuel components.

The solution of these problems was achieved in a mobile combat laser complex containing a combat vehicle with a combat laser in the upper part and at least one auxiliary vehicle on a multi-wheeled chassis, in that according to the invention the combat vehicle is made on the basis of a tank containing a caterpillar undercarriage, tanks oxidizer and fuel, a combat laser is mounted above the tanks of the oxidizer and fuel on the middle rotary platform, and contains at least one liquid rocket engine and resonators made perpendicular about its longitudinal axis, and auxiliary machines are made in the form of at least one refueling tank of oxidizer and at least one refueling tank. Each liquid rocket engine can be configured to rotate around a longitudinal axis. The oxidizer and fuel tanks can be protected by armor. A mobile combat complex may contain an electric power source and a control system, which includes an on-board computer and a liquid-propellant rocket engine control unit, interconnected by electrical connections. Above the combat laser, an upper armored hood can be mounted on which an upper rotary platform with an anti-aircraft machine gun mounted on it is mounted. The middle and upper rotary platforms can be equipped with drives connected by power cables through the switch to a source of electricity. The oxidizer and fuel tankers are equipped with tanks. The oxidizer and fuel tankers can be equipped with a turntable with an anti-aircraft machine gun and large-caliber aviation machine guns on a multi-wheeled chassis.

The invention is illustrated in FIG. 1 ... 15, where:

- in FIG. 1 shows a drawing of a combat vehicle with a combat laser,

- in FIG. 2 - drawing of a combat vehicle with an upper armored cap,

- in FIG. 3 shows a drawing of a combat vehicle with one rocket engine,

- in FIG. 4 shows a drawing of a combat vehicle with two rocket engines,

- in FIG. 5 is a drawing of an oxidizer refueling tank,

- in FIG. 6 is a drawing of a fuel tanker,

- in FIG. 7 is a drawing of an oxidizer tanker with anti-aircraft and large-caliber aviation machine guns,

- in FIG. 8 is a drawing of a fuel tanker with anti-aircraft and large-caliber aviation machine guns,

- in FIG. Figure 9 shows a diagram of a combat laser and a complete diagram of a rocket engine.

- in FIG. 10 shows a diagram of a combat laser with a single combustion chamber,

- in FIG. 11 shows view A,

- in FIG. 12 shows view B,

- in FIG. 13 shows a diagram of a combat orbital laser with two combustion chambers and with two heat pumps,

- in FIG. 14 is a diagram of a combat laser with one rocket engine having one TNA and two combustion chambers,

- in FIG. 15 is a diagram for controlling a laser beam in a vertical plane.

Mobile combat complex (Fig. 1 ... 15) contains a combat vehicle 1 and refueling oxidizer and fuel 2, having almost the same design.

Moreover, the combat vehicle 1 (Fig. 1 ... 4) is made on the basis of the tank and contains a caterpillar undercarriage 3 with a lower platform 4, armor 5, protected by armor 5, the oxidizer capacity 6 with the filling neck 7 and the fuel capacity 8 with the filling neck 9. On the middle rotary platform 10, which is installed above the containers 6 and 8, has at least one combat laser 11 with the possibility of circular rotation due to the middle rotary platform 10. Combat lasers 11 contain a liquid-rocket engine 12 and resonators 13. Liquid-rocket engine 12 abuts pushed into the thrust plate 14.

Above the combat laser (lasers 11), an upper armored hood 15 can be mounted on the supports 16 (Fig. 3). On the upper armored cup 15, an upper rotary platform 17 can be mounted on which an anti-aircraft machine gun 18 is mounted with a remote control system 19 (Fig. 4).

Refueling tanks 2 (FIGS. 5 ... 8) contain a multi-wheeled chassis 20 and capacities of rocket fuel components, respectively, of oxidizer 21 and fuel 22, having filling hoses 23.

On refueling stations 2, on an rotary base 24, an anti-aircraft machine gun 25 with a remote control system 26 and large-caliber aviation machine guns 27 (from 2 to 4 on one refueling station 2) of FIGS. 7 and 8 can be placed.

The combat laser 11 is made with nuclear pumping (Fig. 9 ... 15), contains a liquid-propellant rocket engine LRE 12 and a resonator 13, which, in turn, contains a mirror 28, a diaphragm 29 and a lens 30. The resonator 13 is installed perpendicular to the gas-dynamic path, which made in the form of a nozzle 31 of the combustion chamber 32 of a liquid-propellant rocket engine 12. Liquid-propellant rocket engines 12 are not used to create reactive thrust (or if one combustion chamber is used, they are used to create very small thrust force). This is achieved by low pressure in the combustion chamber 6, about 2 ... 3 atm, and a small consumption of oxidizer and fuel.

The liquid propellant rocket engine 12 serves (serves) primarily for pumping a combat laser 11. The combustion chamber 32 of a liquid-propellant rocket engine 12 contains a head 33 and a cylindrical part 34. The nozzle 31 contains a tapering part 35 and an expanding part 36. The expanding part 36 is circular in critical shape section and rectangular - in the output section with a smooth transition from round to rectangular section. Both the tapering 35 and the expanding part 36 of the nozzle 31 are made with the possibility of regenerative cooling (Fig. 9) and contain two walls: the inner wall 37 and the outer wall 38 with a gap between them 39. A layer of uranium 235- is deposited on the inner surface of the inner wall 37. 40, and uranium particles 238-41 are embedded in the inner wall 37 itself (Fig. 11 ... 12).

Resonators 13 are placed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle 31 of the combustion chamber 32, preferably in the region of the expanding portion 36 of the nozzle 31 (FIGS. 11 and 12).

Combat laser 11 contains a nuclear reactor 42.

Combat laser 11 (Fig. 9 ... 14) may contain one or preferably two liquid rocket engines 12, one or preferably two combustion chambers 32, turbopump assembly (TNA) 43. Turbopump assembly 43, in turn, contains mounted on the shaft 44 TNA 43 centrifugal impeller of the oxidizer pump 45, centrifugal impeller of the fuel pump 46, speed sensor 47, additional fuel pump 48 with the shaft of the additional fuel pump 49, connected by a multiplier 50, placed in the housing 51 with the shaft 44 ТНА 43, the main turbine inu 52, made in the upper part of the turbopump unit 43. The gas generator 53 is mounted above the main turbine 52 coaxially with the turbopump unit 43. The combustion chamber 32 has a power belt 54, TNA 43 is attached to it using rods 55. An outer plate 56 is made inside the combustion chamber 32 and the inner plate 57 with a gap between them (Fig. 4). Inside the head 33 of the combustion chamber 32, oxidizer nozzles 58 and fuel nozzles 59 are installed. The oxidizer nozzles 58 communicate the cavity 59 with the internal cavity 60 of the combustion chamber 32, and the fuel nozzles 59 communicate the cavity 61 with the internal cavity 60 of the combustion chamber 32. On the outer surface of the combustion chamber 32 a fuel manifold 62 is installed, from which the fuel lines 63 extend to the lower part of the nozzle 31. An outlet from the fuel valve 64 is connected to the fuel manifold 62, the inlet of which is connected by a fuel pipeline 65 to the outlet of the centrifugal worker to oles of the fuel pump 49. The output from the additional fuel pump 51 is connected by a high pressure fuel line 66 through a flow regulator 67 having an actuator 68 and a high pressure valve 69 with a gas generator 56. The output from the centrifugal impeller of the oxidizer pump 45 through the oxidizer valve 70 through the oxidizer valve 71 is also connected with a generator 56, specifically with its cavity 72. Ignition devices 73 are installed on the head 35 of the combustion chamber 21, and ignition devices 74 are installed on the gas generator 53 (FIG. 9).

An electrical connection 75 is connected to the speed sensor 47, which is connected to the control unit 76 and provides all other electrical switching.

Ignition devices 73 and 74, preferably electro-ignition devices, a fuel valve 45, an oxidizer valve 71, an actuator 68 for a flow regulator 67, a high pressure valve 69, a start valve 85 and an actuator 77 for the gas regulator 78, if fitted in the gas duct 79 of one of the combustion chambers 32. The gas flow regulator 78 has a drive 80 and ensures equal traction of two opposed liquid rocket engines 12 to ensure accuracy of the laser beam. Shooting from an object armed with a combat laser, but moving with great speed and acceleration, is less accurate and makes great demands on the guidance system.

A purge line 81 with a purge valve 82 is connected to the fuel manifold 39. The combustion chamber 32 (or combustion chambers) can be mounted on the trunnions 83. The battle laser contains a compressed air cylinder 84 to which a high pressure pipe 85 is connected having a start valve 86. Another the end of the high pressure pipe 85 is connected to the starting turbine 87. An exhaust pipe 88 is connected to the starting turbine 87.

To control the laser beam in a vertical plane, the combustion chamber (combustion chamber) 32 is configured to rotate relative to the longitudinal axis. To do this, rotary actuators 89 interact with the combustion chamber (s), which are connected by power cables 90 through the switch 91 to a power source 92, for example, batteries. A switch 91 is electrically connected 75 to a control unit of the engine 76.

In addition, the control system includes (Fig. 15) an on-board computer 93 connected by electrical connections 75 to the engine control unit 76, a Glonass receiver 94, a drive 95 of the middle turntable, drive 96 of the upper turntable, a rotation angle sensor of the middle platform 97 and rotation angle sensor 98 of the liquid propellant rocket engine 8. Slots 99 for laser beams are made in the upper armored hood 15.

BATTLE APPLICATION OF THE COMPLEX

When the combat laser 11 is launched, the nuclear reactor 42 is first launched, then the liquid rocket engine 12 (liquid rocket engines with two engines). To start the engine 12, open the valve 86 and compressed air through the high pressure pipe 85 enters the starting turbine 87. Then open the valves 68, 69 and 71 and turn on the igniters 73 and 74 (Fig. 4). Fuel (oxidizing agent and fuel) during combustion in the combustion chamber 32 burns out at a relatively low temperature of up to 500 ° C. Further heating of the combustion products to 3000 ... 4000 ° C is carried out by a nuclear reactor 42. In addition to significant heating, the combustion products are exposed to radiation, this helps to increase the power of the laser 11.

The laser beams are guided by the on-board computer 93 using the drives 96 and the drive (s) of rotation 89 (Fig. 15)

The combat laser is turned off in the reverse order.

Comparative analysis shows that the claimed invention differs from the prototype in that each complex of military transport columns on the march includes at least one pair of oxidizer and fuel tankers on a multi-wheeled chassis to accelerate movement and reload and one tracked fighting vehicle based on a tank with a launch vehicle installation. Moreover, the oxidizer tankers are completely filled before the march, while the combat vehicle with the combat laser (s) in the convoy is positioned ahead of the tankers and maintain a safe distance between them for the entire duration of the movement of this complex on any roads, and when it arrives at the fighting position immediately enters the battle and releases all rockets on the attacked position depending on the situation of the battle - in one gulp, bursts or single shots, after which it is set in such a way that a transporter is placed to its side the ortho-loading vehicle with its rear end and thus orient the warheads of the rockets in the direction of charging the launcher on the combat vehicle, then they charge the launcher of the warhead with the rockets, and after that the multiple launch rocket system re-launches the warhead, and the oxidizer refuelers fuel is immediately sent for rocket fuel components (oxidizing agent and fuel) to continue the battle.

Therefore, this technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty." To determine whether the proposed invention meets the criterion of "inventive step", an analysis of the characteristics of the identified analogues is carried out. Given that the proposed technical solution has a new set of features that for a specialist do not explicitly follow from the existing level of technology, it meets the criterion of "inventive step". The proposed method of increasing the combat effectiveness of firing with a complex of multiple launch rocket systems, for example, "Tornado" in a combat position, allows to provide:

- autonomous topographic location and navigation, which allows firing from an unprepared firing position in a topographic and geodetic relation, guidance of a launcher guide package without leaving the crew from the cockpit of a combat vehicle and without using a pickup point;

- simultaneous firing of multiple beams of a heavy duty laser,

- loading and discharging the launcher with the help of tankers in any order;

- the maximum speed of the complex on paved roads is about 100 km / h;

- cross in snow, swamp and desert sand;

- range in fuel - 2000 km;

- the number of laser beams - 12 ... 40 pcs;

- full refueling time - up to 100 sec.

Upon arrival at the combat position, fighting vehicle 1 immediately enters the battle, while tankers 2 are put in cover. But when the combat vehicle 1 uses up all of the oxidizing agent and fuel, it is set in position so that refueling tanks 2 can be placed on its side with its side, and the oxidizing agent and fuel are pumped out of them. After the refueling of tankers 2 to a safe distance, the combat vehicle 1 produces the necessary laser firing at the target being attacked. After refueling the combat vehicle 1, refueling tankers 2 send for the next dose of oxidizing agent and fuel, and so on, until the end of hostilities. The combat vehicle conducts combat operations without human intervention in connection with the disastrous effect of the sound stream of the working rocket engines on the crew and all living things in a radius of up to 1000 m

The application of the invention will allow:

Increase the firing range of the laser beams.

To increase the firepower of the installation by 100 ... 200 times.

To increase the rate of fire by 40 ... 50 times.

Provide reliable and complete automation of the process of refueling the launcher with oxidizer and fuel.

Improve the invulnerability of the combat complex.

To make the shooting resource before capital repairs unlimited and the running resource equal to the tank resource.

Provide a more stable position when shooting the tank selected as the basis and firing from the side.

The proposed method of increased combat effectiveness of firing with a multiple launch rocket fire system simultaneously by several laser beams (from 12 to 40 laser beams with a power of 100 MW each) allows you to hit:

- Airplanes and missiles of the enemy in the line of sight;

- missile warheads on a ballistic trajectory;

- means of nuclear attack in areas of concentration and position;

- tank, motorized infantry and infantry units in the areas where corps reserves are concentrated;

- control points and communication centers of the enemy;

- artillery divisions of the enemy in areas of concentration;

- units of aircraft and / or helicopters at landing sites;

- Air defense and missile defense units at positions;

- units of air and sea landing in their areas of operation;

- warships of the navy;

- launchers of tactical and anti-aircraft guided missiles;

- infantry fighting vehicles and armored personnel carriers;

- self-propelled artillery guns.

The combat capabilities of the installation are such that it is able to cut a battleship or aircraft carrier into hundreds of pieces in 0.1 seconds and flood it, or in 2 ... 3 seconds to turn a thousand aircraft together with weapons and crew into a molecular state.

The main distinguishing ability of the proposed combat complex is the presence of not one, but several resonators, and the difference in the method of warfare is that when conducting combat, one or more laser beams can be involved. Naturally, if only one laser beam is used, its power increases.

Having such a patent for an invention, it will be much easier for Russian enterprises manufacturing such complexes to sell them abroad, at the same time it is possible to increase the unit price of a product by 7 ... 30 times, at a lower cost, since the inclusion of such a device and method in technical and advertising the documentation will immediately reflect in it the increased combat effectiveness of the firing of these sold complexes and their absolute invulnerability. At the same time, it is possible to quickly and easily establish mass production of this new type of weapon, given the advanced positions of the USSR in tank construction and the huge number of tanks produced in the USSR and the Russian Federation. At the same time, it is possible to increase the income of our state from arms exports tens and hundreds of times.

Claims (8)

1. Mobile combat laser system containing a combat vehicle with a combat laser at the top and auxiliary vehicles on a multi-wheeled chassis, characterized in that the combat vehicle is made on a caterpillar undercarriage, contains oxidizer and fuel tanks, a combat laser is installed on the middle rotary platform, tanks oxidizer and fuel are installed under the middle rotary platform, the combat laser contains at least one liquid rocket engine and resonators made perpendicular to its longitudinal axis, and auxiliary Clamping machines are made in the form of at least one refueling tank of oxidizing agent and at least one refueling tank. 2. The mobile combat complex according to claim 1, characterized in that each liquid rocket engine is configured to rotate around a longitudinal axis. 3. Mobile combat complex according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the oxidizer and fuel tanks are protected by armor. 4. The mobile combat complex according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it contains an electric power source and a control system, which includes an on-board computer and a liquid rocket engine control unit, interconnected by electrical connections. 5. The mobile combat complex according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an upper armored hood is mounted above the combat laser, on which an upper rotary platform with an anti-aircraft machine gun mounted on it is mounted. 6. The mobile combat complex according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the middle and upper rotary platforms are equipped with drives connected by power cables through a switch to a power source. 7. Mobile combat complex according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the oxidizer and fuel tankers are equipped with tanks. 8. The mobile combat complex according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the oxidizer and fuel tankers are equipped with a rotary platform with an anti-aircraft machine gun and large-caliber aviation machine guns on a multi-wheeled chassis.

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