RU2495363C1 - Powder charge by staroverov /versions/ - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: according to the first version, the powder charge comprises two types of powder and a cartridge case. The cartridge case is made in the form of a solid balloon with a notch on the front end or has an explosive or a shaped charge capable of cartridge case piercing on the front end from the inside or outside. According to the second version, the powder charge comprises two types of powder and does not comprise a cartridge case. At the back, relative to fire direction, there is an ordinary pyroxylin powder, and at the front - another powder, besides, one or both powders are in a powder bag. According to the third version, the powder charge comprises two types of powder and a cartridge case or does not comprise a cartridge case, at the same time it contains two types of powder: at the back, relative to the fire direction, there is an ordinary pyroxylin powder, and at the front - another powder, besides, they are separated with a piston with holes glued with a pyroxylin powder or with check valves directed forward.

EFFECT: increased speed of a missile bullet.

6 cl

Description

The invention relates to military powder charges. The invention is applicable in artillery and in small arms.

There are known powder charges in cartridges, cartridges, in combustible cartridges, in the form of solid square checkers (like a German assault rifle), see, for example, "Infantry Weapons", Harvest, 1999, p. 479. The invention is aimed at increasing the initial velocity of bullets and shells (propelled bodies).

The speed of propelled bodies depends on the speed of sound in compressed gas, which is formed in the volume occupied by propellant explosives, in particular - gunpowder (hereinafter referred to as MVV). In the mixture of gases that forms after the combustion of most MBBs, and at that temperature and pressure, the speed of sound usually does not exceed 2400 m / s. And it falls rapidly as the adiabatic expansion of the powder gases. The speed of shells and bullets, of course, is even lower.

Meanwhile, the speed of sound in hydrogen even at normal temperature and pressure of 1330 m / s. And if you also slightly increase the temperature of hydrogen, then the speed of sound in it will increase sharply. For example, hydrogen with a temperature of only 650 degrees C (this is below its ignition temperature) will have a sound speed of 2360 m / s, and will be able to disperse shells to a speed of 2100 m / s. That is, a “cold shot” will result, as a result of which, due to adiabatic expansion, the gas after the shot may have approximately the ambient temperature.

This is the basis of the idea of this invention. The purpose of the invention is to increase the speed of propelled bodies, as well as to reduce (if hydrogen will have a muzzle temperature lower than the ignition temperature) of unmasking infrared radiation by using Staroverov’s gunpowder (a series of simultaneously filed applications for inventions).

OPTION 1. This option is intended for gaseous (or supercritical state), or liquid, or combined (solid plus liquid or gaseous) gunpowder Staroverov.

The powder charge is characterized in that the sleeve is made in the form of a continuous cylinder with circular and / or radial notches at the front end, or has an explosive or cumulative charge at the front end from the inside or outside that can pierce the sleeve. The directions of the linear cumulative charges can also be located along the ring and / or along the radii of the end. In this case, the sleeve may or may not have a capsule in the back (if there is an explosive charge, then the powder is ignited from it).

The sleeve can be made of metal or composite material.

Since such a sleeve is quite expensive, so it can be reusable. To do this, the front end of the sleeve is removable and attached with a detachable mount (soldering, thread, bayonet, bolts), and the sleeve has a sealed charging connector (its diameter may be less than a millimeter). In order for the fitting to withstand the pressure of the shot, it can be in the form of a bolt with a taper thread. Such a fitting can be located anywhere in the sleeve. The fitting must be wrapped with glue, and when opened to recharge, the fitting is heated and the glue softens or decomposes.

If the gunpowder is two-phase, for example, powder and compressed gas, then for uniform distribution of the powder in the volume of the sleeve it must be applied to some reinforcement. For example, the powder may be glued to a thread or fabric made of pyroxylin, or BB, or heat-resistant material, such as silica fiberglass. And the thread itself can be evenly stuffed into a sleeve (such as felt). The fabric can be corrugated and is located along a longitudinal roll or can be arranged with transverse disks.

Example 1. The sleeve in the form of a steel cylinder with a removable membrane made of composite material, fixed with glue and a threaded union nut. Inside the membrane, linear cumulative charges are arranged in the form of 6 rays (charges located inside the membrane can be of the smallest power. Since the internal pressure itself tends to break the membrane, a slight violation of the integrity of the membrane is enough, and then it breaks itself).

The charge works like this: the cumulative charge ignites (capsule, electricity, laser), breaks through the membrane and ignites the powder. A shot is taking place.

OPTION 2. At the initial stage of dispersal of the projectile (up to about 800 m / s) it is not necessary to use Staroverov’s gunpowder. Therefore, this type of charge contains two types of gunpowder: behind (relative to the direction of the shot) is ordinary pyroxylin gunpowder, and in front is Staroverov’s gunpowder, with one or both gunpowders in the sack bag. The charge in this case may have a sleeve (preferably a gauge) or it can be laid directly into the gun’s barrel.

The charge works like this: first, the rear pyroxylin powder is set on fire and begins to disperse the projectile. Then, from the heat of this gunpowder, Staroverov’s gunpowder ignites and accelerates the projectile to a high initial velocity.

OPTION 3. In the previous version, a slight mixing of the powder gases from the two types of gunpowder can occur, especially if the charging chamber and, accordingly, the sleeve are super-caliber (there are longitudinal gas flows in the bore).

This type of charge contains Staroverov’s gunpowder and caliber sleeve, or does not contain a liner and is different in that it contains two types of gunpowder: behind (relative to the direction of the shot) is ordinary pyroxylin gunpowder, and in front is Starroverov gunpowder, and they are separated by a piston with holes sealed with pyroxylin film, or with check valves directed forward.

When the back charge is ignited, part of the pyroxylin gases penetrates through the piston into the front cavity and moves with the gases from Staroverov’s gunpowder. To reduce this phenomenon, there can also be two mentioned types of gunpowder in the posterior cavity, one or both of the gunpowder being in the sack and the pyroxylin gunpowder at the back.

The charge works like this: first, pyroxylin powder is ignited, then a small amount of Staroverov’s gunpowder, which is in the back of the charge, ignites from it, then the powder gases penetrate the front of the charge through the holes or check valves in the piston and set fire to Staroverov’s powder.

Options 2 and 3 do not provide infrared masking of the shot, but they are easier and cheaper. They have a strong unmasking flame due to the burning of hydrogen in air.

Claims (6)

1. A powder charge containing two types of gunpowder and a sleeve, characterized in that the sleeve is made in the form of a continuous balloon with a notch at the front end or has an explosive or cumulative charge at the front end from the inside or outside that can penetrate the sleeve. 2. The charge according to claim 1, characterized in that, for reusable use, the front end of the sleeve is removable and attached with a detachable mount (soldering, thread, bayonet, bolts), as well as the sleeve has a sealed fitting, for example, in the form of a bolt with conical thread . 3. The charge according to claim 1, characterized in that if the charge contains a powder component, the powder is glued to a thread or fabric made of pyroxylin, or an explosive, or a heat-resistant material, such as silica fiberglass. 4. A powder charge containing two types of gunpowder and not containing a sleeve, characterized in that the rear (relative to the direction of the shot) is ordinary pyroxylin gunpowder, and the front is another gunpowder, one or both of the gunpowder being in the sack bag. 5. A powder charge containing two types of gunpowder and a sleeve or without a sleeve, characterized in that it contains two types of gunpowder: behind (relative to the direction of the shot) is ordinary pyroxylin gunpowder, and in front - another gunpowder, and they are separated by a piston with holes sealed pyroxylin film, or with check valves directed forward. 6. The charge according to claim 5, characterized in that in the back cavity there are also two mentioned types of gunpowder, one or both of the gunpowder being in the sack bag, and the pyroxylin gunpowder is at the back.