RU2495189C2 - Floating building of wave-activated power plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: floating building of a wave-activated power plant comprises a floating box caisson. The box caisson is installed on the bottom of the water area. The caisson comprises an internal chamber partially filled with water. The chamber is connected with the water area by two opposite holes and is pneumatically connected to the power plant. Holes are arranged below the elevation of the lowest level of water in the water area and form a through channel in the chamber. The size of the cross section of the through channel provides for the possibility of its connection with the floating building of the tidal power plant for passage of water flow rate required for operation of a hydraulic power equipment of the tidal power plant. The device operation is based on conversion of energy of the air flow arising as a result of oscillation of a water column in the chamber, into electric energy. Additionally it becomes possible to send water and biomass via the floating building of the wave-activated power plant.

EFFECT: improved environmental parameters of an object and increased efficiency.

6 cl, 5 dwg, 1 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and hydropower and can be used to produce electrical energy from wind wave energy, as well as for the construction of a tidal wave power dam blocking the pool from the sea.

It is known that the floating building of the wave power plant, selected as a prototype, includes a floating array mounted on the bottom of the water area (on an underwater base), having an internal chamber partially filled with water, tightly connected pneumatically to a power plant that converts the energy of the air flow resulting from the oscillation of the water column in the chamber, into electrical energy, while the inner chamber is connected to the water area by two opposing openings completely located lower e marks the lowest water level in the water area and forming a through channel in the chamber. (patent document RU 105948 (U1) (D1), publ. 06/27/2011).

The disadvantage of this solution is the inability to connect the through channel in the floating building of the wave power station with the water conduit of the floating building of the tidal power station and allowing the flow of water necessary for the operation of the hydropower equipment of the tidal power station, which significantly narrows its applicability when using a tidal dam that separates the pool from the sea -wave power station.

The objective of the present invention is to provide the possibility of serial connection of the through channel of the floating building of the wave power station and the water main of the floating building of the tidal power station and ensuring the passage of water flow necessary for the operation of the hydraulic power equipment of the tidal power station.

The object of the invention is a floating building of a wave power plant, including a floating (floating) giant array, mounted on the bottom of the water area (on an underwater base), having an inner chamber partially filled with water, tightly connected pneumatically to a power plant that converts the energy of the air flow resulting from oscillations of the water column in the chamber into electrical energy, characterized in that the structural characteristics (cross-sectional dimensions, hydraulic resistance, etc.) the through channel provides the ability to connect it to the water conduit of the floating building of the tidal power station and to pass the water flow necessary for the operation of the hydro-power equipment of the tidal power station.

Using the proposed device allows you to perform a serial connection of the floating building of the wave and floating building of the tidal power plant.

The floating building of the wave power plant has a development consisting in the fact that the inner chamber is divided into two or more compartments to a level below the lowest elevation of the water-air boundary, but not lower than the elevation of the top of the hole connecting the inner chamber to the water area, and each of compartments has a pneumatic connection to the power plant. This allows you to increase the generation of electricity in the conditions of small wavelengths.

The floating building of the wave power plant has a second development, consisting in the fact that the openings connecting the chamber to the water area are blocked by gates. This allows us to ensure our own (without pontoons) buoyancy of the floating building of the wave power station, necessary for its removal from the dock and transportation to the installation site at the bottom of the water area, to increase the generation of electricity from wind wave energy by closing the hole on the side of the protected water area and the ability to change the size of the hole, connecting the camera to the water area when using multi-tiered gates, as well as using floating buildings of the wave power plant for the construction of cutting off the pool from the sea tidal wave dam. In this case, significantly more expensive buildings of the tidal power station are not included in the pressure head of the cutting dam, which can significantly reduce the minimum initial investment to start the effective conversion of tidal wave energy into electricity.

The floating building of the wave power plant has a third development, consisting in the fact that the openings connecting the inner chamber to the water area are blocked by trash holding gratings. This avoids clogging of the inner chamber with ice, sediment, algae and other foreign objects and materials.

The floating building of the wave power plant has a fourth development, consisting in the fact that the hole connecting the inner chamber to the protected water area is blocked by a shutter, and the hole connecting the inner chamber to the unprotected water area is blocked by a trash grid. This allows you to combine the ability to increase power generation with the ability to protect the inner chamber from clogging.

The floating building of the wave power plant has a fifth development, consisting in the fact that in one floating (floating) giant array, installed at the bottom of the water area, there are two or more internal chambers connected to the water area and power plants, and separated by the gobies of the floating array - giant. This makes it possible to increase the manufacturability of the floating building of the wave power station and the construction of the dam of the tidal wave power station that cuts the pool from the sea, which includes the floating building of the wave power station, by enlarging the mounting units.

Thus, the use of the proposed technical solution allows to achieve new technical results in comparison with the prototype. A causal relationship between the set of essential features of the claimed object and the achieved technical results is shown in table 1 (see page 5).

The essence of the proposed device and the principle of its operation are illustrated by drawings:

- figure 1 presents a cross section of the floating building of the wave power plant;

- figure 2 presents a cross section of the floating building of the wave power plant, the openings connecting the camera to the water area, which overlap with gates;

- figure 3 presents a longitudinal section of a floating building of a wave power plant;

- figure 4 presents a diagram of a tidal wave power station, the cutting dam of which consists of floating buildings of the wave power station and deaf dam blocks, and floating buildings of the tidal power station and floating fish passages are docked to the cutting dam (to the through channels in the buildings of the wave power station) from the protected side water areas;

- Fig. 5 shows a transverse (along the water flow) section along the docked floating wave buildings, the inner chambers of which are divided into compartments, and the openings connecting the chamber to the water area are blocked by trash grids and tidal power plants.

The floating building of the wave power plant contains (FIGS. 1 and 2) a giant floating array (1) mounted on the bottom of the water area, having an internal chamber (2) connected to the water area by two holes (3), optionally blocked by gates (4), and connected to a pneumatic wave power plant (5) by an opening (6).

The operation of the device is based on the use of the energy of an oscillating (due to excitement) water column, which creates a variable air pressure in the chamber and, as a result, the periodic movement of this air through a turbine kinematically connected to an electric generator.

The possibility of carrying out the claimed invention is shown by the following example.

Example No. 1. The construction of the tidal wave power plant (see figure 4 and 5)

The cutting dams of industrial tidal power plants are characterized by very significant lengths, reaching 30 km or more. Electricity is generated by expensive hydraulic power equipment installed in the buildings of the tidal power station, which even being unsaturated with technological equipment have a cost 4-8 times higher than the cost of blocks of a dead dam. In turn, the blocks of a dead dam are only slightly cheaper (1.3-1.5 times) than floating buildings of a wave power plant due to the simplicity of their construction. Thus, it is rational to exclude expensive buildings of the tidal power plant from the pressure front of the structure, replacing them with the floating buildings of the wave power plant. At the same time, a phased sustainable development of capacities is ensured (since the start of the wave power plant does not require overlapping of the alignment) and a significant reduction in the minimum level of initial investment in construction.

The construction of the tidal wave power plant is as follows. First, (perhaps for several decades), a cut-off dam is erected from the floating buildings of the wave power plant (7), then a ship passage structure (8) is constructed, through which subsequently (in accordance with available production capacities and financial capabilities) it is led to the protected part water areas (9) floating buildings of the tidal power station (10), floating fish passageways (11) and install them on the bottom of the water area, connecting with the floating buildings of the wave power station (7), corresponding to them of the present invention, and providing the passage of biomass and significant water flow required for the operation of the hydro power equipment (12) of the tidal power plant.

Table 1 Causal relationship between the set of essential features of the claimed object and the achieved technical results New technical result compared to the prototype Indicators Distinctive feature (reason for improvement) Prototype The subject of the invention one 2 3 four 1. Ensuring the possibility of a serial connection of the through channel of the floating building of the wave and water mains of the floating building of the tidal power station. The floating building of the wave power station does not provide the passage of water flow required for the operation of the hydro-power equipment of the tidal power station. The floating building of the wave power station ensures the passage of water flow required for the operation of the hydropower equipment of the tidal power station The structural characteristics (cross-sectional dimensions, hydraulic resistance, etc.) of the through channel make it possible to connect it to the water conduit of the floating building of the tidal power station and to pass the water flow necessary for the operation of the hydro-power equipment of the tidal power station. 2. The possibility of using floating buildings of a wave power plant for the construction of a tidal wave power dam blocking the pool from the sea.

Claims (6)

1. The floating building of the wave power plant, including a giant floating array, mounted on the bottom of the water area on an underwater base, having an internal chamber, hermetically connected pneumatically to a power plant that converts the energy of the air flow arising from the oscillation of the water column in the chamber into electrical energy, and communicating with the water area by two opposing openings completely located below the lowest water level in the water area and forming a through channel in the chamber characterized in that the cross-sectional dimension of the through channel allows it to be connected to the floating building of the tidal power station and to pass the water flow necessary for the operation of the hydro-power equipment of the tidal power station. 2. The floating building of the wave power station according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner chamber is divided into two or more compartments to a level below the lowest elevation of the water-air boundary, but not lower than the elevation of the top of the hole connecting the chamber to the water area, and each of the compartments has a pneumatic connection to the power plant. 3. The floating building of the wave power station according to claim 1, characterized in that the openings connecting the camera to the water area are blocked by gates. 4. The floating building of the wave power station according to claim 1, characterized in that the openings connecting the chamber to the water area are blocked by trash holding grids. 5. The floating building of the wave power station according to claim 1, characterized in that the hole connecting the inner chamber to the protected water area is closed by a shutter, and the hole connecting the inner chamber to the unprotected water area is blocked by a trash grid. 6. The floating building of a wave power plant according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that in one floating array-giant, installed at the bottom of the water area, there are two or more internal chambers connected to the water area and power plants, and separated by bulls giant floating array.

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