RU2495013C1 - PELLET POWDER FOR 7,62 mm RIFLE CARTRIDGE - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of pellet powder for small arms. The pellet powder is made from 70-80 wt % pyroxylin with nitrogen oxide content of 212.7-214.5 ml NO/g and 20-30 wt % recyclable non-phlegmatised wastes from previous operations. The powder elements are phlegmatised from the surface with a mixture of 4.0-6.0 wt % centralite I and 4.0-6.0 wt % dinitrotoluene.

EFFECT: invention increases stability of ballistic properties for a 7,62 mm rifle cartridge on bullet flight speed and powder pressure in the barrel and also prolongs the service life of barrels from erosive action.

1 tbl, 5 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of production of spherical powders (TFP) for small arms.

US patents [1, 2] provide methods for producing TFP for small arms, which include grinding fine-grained pyroxylin powders in an aqueous medium, followed by dissolving in a solvent, dispersing the powder varnish onto spherical particles, and distilling off the solvent from them.

The disadvantage of this method of producing TFP is that the obtained TFP does not provide ballistic characteristics in a 7.62 mm rifle cartridge.

The closest technical solution is spherical pyroxylin powder for 5.6 mm sports rifle cartridge [3] - a prototype that includes wt.%: Dinitrotoluene (DNT) - 0.2 ... 1.0; diphenylamine (DPA) - 0.4 ... 0.8; carbon black and graphite in the ratio (2: 1) ... (6: 1) - 0.3 ... 0.8; ethyl acetate (EA) - 0.3 ... 0.9; moisture - 0.3 ... 0.6; pyroxylin with a nitric oxide content of at least 213 ml NO / g - the rest.

The disadvantage of this spherical gunpowder is that it does not provide the specified ballistic characteristics in a 7.62 mm rifle cartridge.

The aim of the invention is to increase the stability of ballistic characteristics in terms of speed of a bullet, the pressure of powder gases in the channel of the barrel of the weapon and an increase in the resource of the barrel of the weapon from hot-erosive influences.

This goal is achieved in that the spherical powder is made of 70 ... 80 wt.%, Pyroxylin with a content of nitric oxide of 212.7 ... 214.5 ml NO / g and 20 ... 30 wt.% Of non-refluxed non-phlegmatized waste from previous operations, powder elements phlegmatized from the surface with respect to the powder with a mixture of 4.0 ... 6.0 wt.% centralite I (C I) and 4.0 ... 6.0 wt.% DNT, in the following ratio, wt.%:

- diphenylamine - 0.4 ... 0.9

- Central I - 4.0 ... 6.0

- dinitrotoluene - 4.0 ... 6.0

- graphite - 0.1 ... 0.3

- ethyl acetate - 0.4 ... 0.6

- moisture - 0.2 ... 0.8

- pyroxylin with oxide content

nitrogen 212.7 ... 214.5 ml NO / g - the rest.

Pyroxylin in the composition of spherical powder for a 7.62 mm rifle cartridge with a nitric oxide content of 212.7 ... 214.5 ml NO / g serves as an energy and structural base. The authors found that the production of TFP with a particle size of 0.7 ... 0.4 mm and evenly distributed porosity is possible with a ratio of 70 ... 80 wt.% Pyroxylin and 20 ... 30 wt.% Reciprocating waste oil-free gunpowder from previous operations.

The use of plasticized waste provides a dense structure of the powder elements. The porosity of the obtained powder elements does not exceed 5.0%, and the bulk density of the powder is in the range of 0.970 ... 0.995 kg / dm ³ . A decrease in nitric oxide in the TFP of less than 212.7 ml of NO / g leads to an increase in the mass of the powder charge and a decrease in the speed of the bullet, while an increase in nitric oxide in excess of 214.5 ml of NO / g is associated with technological difficulties. The reduction of pyroxylin less than 70 wt.% And return of technological waste more than 30 wt.% Leads to an increase in the mass of the powder charge and the spread of the speed of the bullet in a series of 10 shots.

The authors found that in order to increase the progressiveness of the burning of the powder charge, the phlegmatization of the powder elements is necessary to conduct CI and DNT in a ratio of 1: 1. This provides a constant diffusion rate of phlegmatizers deep into the powder elements. The change in the ratio of C I and DNT leads to a decrease in the diffusion of phlegmatizers deep into the powder elements. This, in turn, leads to uneven burning of powder elements, and, as a consequence, to a spread in the speed of the bullet.

The bulk density developed by the authors of the TFP for 7.62 mm rifle cartridge is 0.970 ... 0.995 kg / DM ³ . A decrease in bulk density of less than 0.970 kg / dm ³ leads to an increase in powder gases in the channel of the barrel of the weapon, and an increase in bulk density of TFP more than 0.995 kg / dm ³ does not affect the ballistic characteristics and is associated with additional labor costs.

Diphenylamine in the composition of the TFP acts as a stabilizer of chemical resistance. A decrease in DPA of less than 0.4 wt.% Leads to a decrease in the resistance of the powder, an increase in DPA of more than 0.9 wt.% Leads to a decrease in the energy of the powder.

Graphite in the composition of gunpowder is used as a technological additive that improves the flowability of TFP and reduces the electrostatic characteristics. A decrease in graphite of less than 0.1 wt.% Reduces the flowability of gunpowder and increases electrostatic characteristics, and an increase in graphite of more than 0.3 wt.% Leads to dusting of graphite.

Ethyl acetate and moisture in the TFP play the role of technological additives. A decrease in EA of less than 0.4 wt.% And moisture of less than 0.2 wt.% Is associated with technological difficulties, and an increase in EA of more than 0.6 wt.% And moisture of more than 0.8 wt.% Leads to a decrease in the energy of gunpowder.

Physico-chemical and ballistic characteristics developed by the authors of spherical powder for 7.62 mm rifle cartridge within the boundary conditions (examples 1 ... 3) and outside the boundary conditions (examples 4, 5) are given in the table.

Table Physico-chemical and ballistic characteristics of spherical powder for 7.62 mm rifle cartridge The name of indicators Example (Ex. No. 1) Etc. Number 2 Etc. Number 3 Etc. Number 4 Etc. Number 5 Pyroxylin with a nitric oxide content of 212.7 ... 214.5 ml NO / g 70 75 80 60 90 Return-technological waste, wt.% thirty 25 twenty 40 10 Diphenylamine, wt.% 0.4 0.65 0.9 0.3 1,0 Centralitis I, wt.% 4.0 5,0 6.0 3.0 6.5 Dinitrotoluene, wt.% 4.0 5,0 6.0 3.0 6.5 Graphite, wt.% 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.4 Ethyl acetate, wt.% 0.4 1,0 1,6 0.3 1.8 Moisture, wt.% 0.2 0.5 0.8 0.2 1,2 Bulk density, kg / dm ³ 0.970 0.982 0,995 0.960 0,995 Chemical resistance, mmHg 22 24 25 22 23 Ballistic characteristics The mass of the powder charge, g 3.27 3.27 3.28 3,1 3.3 Bullet flight speed, m / s 830 829 831 810 805 The spread of the bullet’s flight speed in a series of 10 shots, m / s fifteen 16 fifteen 31 35 The maximum pressure of the powder gases, MPa Average maximum pressure of powder gases in the barrel of a weapon 261.7 262.7 262.3 275.5 259.8 The highest maximum pressure of powder gases in the barrel of a weapon 272.5 273.0 271.6 290.2 272.5 The lowest pressure of powder gases in the barrel of a weapon 252.4 252.7 253.1 273.5 255.8

Preset ballistic characteristics for a 7.62 mm rifle cartridge: mass of a powder charge of 3.25 ... 3.65 g, flight speed of a bullet 825 ... 835 m / s, spread of the speed of a bullet in a series of 10 shots - not more than 30 m / s, the maximum pressure of the powder gases in the barrel of the weapon, MPa: average - not more than 284.3, the highest - not more than 304.0, the smallest - not less than 230.4.

From the data in the table it can be seen that the spherical powder developed by the authors for a 7.62 mm rifle cartridge within the boundary conditions (examples 1 ... 3) has stable ballistic characteristics both in terms of bullet speed, speed dispersion in a series of 10 shots, and pressure of powder gases in the barrel of a weapon. Outside the boundary conditions (examples 4, 5), the obtained spherical powder does not satisfy the requirements of ballistic characteristics.

Literature

1. US Patent No. 2843584

2. US Patent No. 33788545

3. RF patent No. 1808191 (C06B 25/22).

Claims (1)

Spherical powder for a 7.62 mm rifle cartridge, including pyroxylin, diphenylamine, dinitrotoluene, graphite, ethyl acetate and moisture, characterized in that the powder is made of 70-80 wt.% Pyroxylin with a content of nitric oxide of 212.7-214.5 ml NO / g and 20-30 wt.% return-technological non-phlegmatized waste from previous operations, the powder elements are phlegmatized from the surface with respect to the powder with a mixture of 4.0-6.0 wt.% centralite I and 4.0-6.0 wt. % dinitrotoluene, in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
diphenylamine 0.4-0.9 central I 4.0-6.0 dinitrotoluene 4.0-6.0 graphite 0.1-0.3 ethyl acetate 0.4-0.6 moisture 0.2-0.8 a mixture of 70-80 wt.% pyroxylin with nitric oxide 212.7-214.5 ml of NO / g and 20-30 wt.% return technological non-phlegmatized waste from previous operations rest