RU2495002C2 - Heat-efficient adhesive - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a heat-efficient adhesive for gluing especially light forming elements made from polystyrene concrete and foam concrete. The heat-efficient adhesive contains portland cement-based composite binder, activated industrial wastes of an aluminosilicate composition with specific surface area of 3500-4500 cm²/g, light aggregate with particle size of not more than 3 mm, an air-entraining and modified plasticising additive.

EFFECT: use of the heat-efficient adhesive provides required quality parameters for strength and heat conductivity with minimal thickness of the adhesive joint.

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Description

The invention relates to building materials, in particular to adhesive compositions for gluing especially light formwork elements made of polystyrene concrete, cellular concrete or heavy concrete in precast, monolithic, cottage or multi-story housing construction in the form of blocks, wall stones, plates, lintels, as well as sealants , compacted and repair mixtures and fixing compounds for decorative finishing works.

A known adhesive composition comprising a polymer, a mineral filler, a modifier and a dispersant-solvent in the following ratio of components, wt.%: 12.7-32.99 polymer, 40.0-55.0 mineral filler, 0.01-0.3 modifier and the rest is a dispersant-solvent. A disadvantage of the known adhesive composition is the use of volatile solvents, such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, or gasoline, or white spirit, or toluene, or benzene, which significantly leads to an increase in the content of harmful impurities in the air atmosphere and a decrease in the environmental safety of the environment. environment (RF Patent No. 2109788, adhesive composition, cl. 6 C09J 11/00, publ. 25.05.93).

Known adhesive composition for construction work, including, wt.%: 19-23 sodium liquid glass, 3-4.6 30-50% solution of sodium hydroxide; 16-24 Portland cement; 29-33 low-calcium fly ash of TPP; 9.5-16 placeholder; 2.8-5 antifrosty supplement; 0.5-0.7 gypsum binder; water is the rest.

A disadvantage of the known composition is the relatively high density of the hardened material and its high thermal conductivity, as well as the presence of toxic components in the form of sodium liquid glass and a solution of sodium hydroxide (RF Patent No. 2199502, CL 7 C04B 28/26, publ. 11.05. 2000).

Closest to the claimed technical essence and the achieved result is a mixture for the manufacture of heat-insulating products, including a composite binder based on activated technogenic waste of aluminosilicate composition, polystyrene foam, air-entraining and water-reducing additives and water in the following ratio of components, wt.%: 55-95 activated industrial waste, 0-40 cement clinker, 0-5 gypsum, 0-5 sodium chloride, 0-3 water-reducing additives, 1.73-11.37 light aggregate, water - the rest e, the mixture as the filler comprises polystyrene foam gravel 0-10 mm fraction (RF Patent №2169132, Cl. C04B 38/08, 7/14, 7.42, opub. 20.06.2001)

Fraction size, mm Volume% Weight, % 5.0-10.0 15-30 20,0 2.5-5.0 20-35 25.0 1.25-2.5 30-40 32,5 0-1.25 20-30 22.5

A disadvantage of the known composition is the relatively low adhesion to the base, as well as the presence in its composition of relatively large granules of polystyrene foam aggregate up to 10 mm in size, which does not allow the formation of thin-layer adhesive joints with a thickness of 2-3 mm.

The technical task is to create a heat-efficient adhesive with a density of 600-800 kg / m ^{3 of} reduced thermal conductivity for bonding formwork elements made of polystyrene concrete and cellular concrete while ensuring the required quality parameters for strength and thermal conductivity with a minimum thickness of the adhesive joint.

The problem is solved in that the heat-efficient adhesive, including a composite binder based on Portland cement and activated technogenic waste of aluminosilicate composition, lightweight aggregate, water-retaining and modified plasticizing additive and water, contains blast furnace or electrothermophosphoric gravel slag with a specific surface of 3000-4750 cm ² / g and / or bauxite slurry and / or a converter granshlak milled to a specific surface 3500-4500 cm ² / g or a mixture thereof at a weight the ratio of these components 1: 0.5, modified by the surface-active substance "Leader-K" in an amount of 0.01-0.07% by weight of the composite binder, as a light filler contains polystyrene granules or glass granules, or expanded clay gravel of polyfraction composition, or expanded polystyrene in the form of a waste of sawing expanded polystyrene arrays, or perlite sand or their double or triple mixtures in any volume ratios with a maximum particle size of not more than 3 mm, contains a substance as a water-retaining additive yours from the group: methylhydroxyethyl cellulose or methylhydroxypropyl cellulose, or redispersible copolymer powders of vinyl acetate or versatate monomers, or acrylate, or ethylene with polyvinyl alcohol, as a modified plasticizing additive it contains a complex additive with a multifunctional effect, which contains an active substance as a functional component from the group: a plasticizer based on polycarboxylates in the form of water-soluble salts of alkali and alkaline earth metals poly krilic acids, or a plasticizer based on the products of copolymerization of polyacrylic acids with allyl or hydroxyethylated allyl alcohol or maleic acid in the form of the same water-soluble salts, or a plasticizer based on sodium or calcium salts of sulfonated polycondensation products of naphthalene with formaldehyde, or a plasticizer based on the same polycondensation products of melamine with formaldehyde, or a plasticizer based on the same salts of sulfonated waste polycondensation products of phenol based on cumylphenol and dimers of a-methylstyrene or their double or ternary mixtures in any proportions, modified with directional additives in an amount of 0-5 wt.% in the form of technical lignosulfonates (LST), or water-soluble formates of alkali and alkaline earth metals, or hydrophobizing an agent based on organosilicon compounds, or aqueous polymer dispersions based on styrene or butadiene, or acronitrile, or neutralized saponified wood resin (LMS), or as a mixture of sodium or triethanol salts of sulfates of monoethanolamides of synthetic fatty acids of fractions C ₉ -C ₁₄ , or a mixture of the same salts of alkyl sulfuric acids of fractions C ₁₀ -C ₁₆ , or a mixture of the same salts of alkyl sulfates of primary fatty alcohols of fractions C ₉ -C ₁₂ or their double or triple mixtures in equal proportions in the following ratio of components, wt.%: composite binder 36.0-57.0; lightweight aggregate 7.5-13.5; water retention additive 0.054-0.09; modified plasticizing additive 0.018-0.042; water is the rest.

Moreover, the maximum density of lightweight aggregate does not exceed 160 kg / m ³ .

The proposed heat-efficient adhesive mixture differs from the known one by a larger specific surface of the composite binder, fractional composition of lightweight aggregate, the nature of the water-retaining and plasticizing additives, as well as the ratio of the components.

The use of lightweight aggregate with a particle size of not more than 3 mm instead of 0-10 mm according to the prototype allows you to form the design thickness of the adhesive joint while maintaining the required quality parameters for strength and thermal conductivity.

As a water-holding additive, cellulose ethers from the group of cellulose ethers under the code name Mesellose FMC or LK-70M were used, or their mixture in equal proportions, C-3 plasticizer based on sodium salts of polymethylene naphthalene sulfonic acids was used as a modifying additive, and as a light filler used polystyrene foam aggregate with a maximum granule size of up to 3 mm, a density of 8-20 kg / m ³ or perlite sand fraction 0-1.5 mm with a density of 75-100 kg / m ³ or their double mixtures are equal x ratios.

As a surfactant for a composite binder, a substance was used under the conditional name "Leader-K" according to TU 2483-005-13923249-2008.

This made it possible to obtain an activated binder with specified parameters on its specific surface, the spatial configuration of its particles with minimal specific energy costs for the activation process, and also allows to obtain a heat-efficient adhesive with specified physical, mechanical and thermophysical characteristics.

The composition of the heat-effective adhesive and its thermophysical characteristics are given in tables 1 and 2.

Data analysis shows that the use of a composite binder with a specific surface area of up to 4750 g / cm ² , lightweight polystyrene aggregate in the form of granules no larger than 3 mm, including glass granules, expanded clay gravel and perlite sand, and the use of the proposed water-retaining additive in combination with a modified plasticizing polyfunctional additive provides teploehffektivnyh glue density 600-800 kg / m ³ 0,062-0,15 thermal conductivity W / (m · ° C) comparable with the thermal conductivity Stu polystyrene at 0,06-0,145 W / (m · ° C) while ensuring the required quality parameters of the adhesive joint thickness and its adhesive strength.

A comparative analysis of the data shows that the thickness of the adhesive joint according to the prototype (see table 2, compositions 19-21) is more than 3 times higher than the design value with its lower strength characteristics.

The use of a technical solution outside the stated conditions (see table 2, compositions 16-18) also does not lead to the desired results. The thermal conductivity of the adhesive joint increases several times in comparison with the proposed composition.

Information sources

1. RF patent No. 2109788, cl. 6 C09J 11/00, publ. 05/25/1993.

2. RF patent No. 2199502, cl. 7 C04B 28/26, publ. 05/11/2000.

3. RF patent No. 2169132, cl. C04B 38/08, 7/14, 7.42, publ. 06/20/2001

Table 1 Composition of heat-efficient adhesive No. of composition The composition of the mixture of heat-efficient glue, wt.% Composite binder Lightweight aggregate fraction 0-3 mm Water retention additive Modified Plasticizing Additive Water one 36.0 13.5 (BCP) 0.09 FMC60150 0.042 Melfluxl641F rest 2 36.0 13.5 (RPP) 0.09 FMC15US 0.042 Melflux1651F rest 3 36.0 13.5 (PDP) 0.09 FMC2070 0.042 MelmentF10 rest four 36.0 13.5 (STG) 0.09 FMC2310 0,042 SPS-3 rest 5 36.0 13.5 (KG) 0.09 LK-70M 0.042 MeImentF15G rest 6 46.2 10.5 (BCP) 0.072 FMC60150 0.03 Melflux1641F rest 7 46.2 10.5 (RPP) 0.072 FMC15US 0.03 Melflux1651F rest 8 46.2 10.5 (PRP) 0.072 FMC2070 0.03 MelmentF10 rest 9 46.2 10.5 (STG) 0.072 FMC2310 0,03 SPS-3 rest 10 46.2 10.5 (KG) 0,072 LK-70M 0.03 MelmentF15G rest eleven 57.0 7.5 (BCP) 0.054 FMC60150 0.18 Melflux1641F rest 12 57.0 7.5 (RPP) 0,054 FMC15US 0.18 Melflux1651F rest 13 57.0 7.5 (PDP) 0,054 FMC2070 0.18 MelmentF10 rest fourteen 57.0 7.5 (STG) 0.054 FMC2310 0.18 SPS-3 rest fifteen 57.0 7.5 (KG) 0,054 LK-70M 0.18 MelmentF15G rest 16 57.0 22,766 (building sand) 0.054 FMC60150 0.18 Melflux1641F rest 17 57.0 22,766 (building sand) 0,054 FMC15US 0.18 Melflux1651F rest eighteen 57.0 22,766 (building sand) 0,054 FMC2070 0.18 MelmentF10 rest 19 53.57 11.05 (BCP *) 0.23 FMC2310 - rest twenty 64.28 5.76 (BCP *) 0.09 LK70M 0.64 Lignopan B rest 21 72.19 1.76 (BCP *) 0.08 FMC60150 0.44 SPS-3 rest Note: PPG - polystyrene foam granules; RPP - torn expanded polystyrene; PRP - perlite sand; STG - glass granules; KG - expanded clay gravel. * - compositions No. 19-21 of the prototype on a lightweight aggregate (PPG) fraction 0-1 Ohm.

table 2 Thermophysical characteristics of heat-efficient adhesive No. of composition The density of the PSB, kg / m ³ Glue density, kg / m ³ PSB compressive strength, MPa Adhesive strength in compression, MPa Adhesive strength of the adhesive joint, MPa Glue joint thickness, mm Thermal conductivity in the dry state, W / m ° C) PSB Glue line one 150-200 600 0.2-0.25 3.2 0.09-0.1 2,3 0.06 0.02 2 150-200 600 0.2-0.25 3.2 0.09-0.1 2.0 0.06 0,065 3 150-200 600 0.2-0.25 3.2 0.09-0.1 2,5 0.06 0,064 four 150-200 600 0.2-0.25 3.2 0.09-0.1 3.0 0.06 0,065 5 150-200 600 0.2-0.25 3.2 0.09-0.1 2.2 0.06 0,062 6 250-300 700 0.35-0.5 4.0 0.12-0.125 3.0 0.08 0,085 7 250-300 700 0.35-0.5 4.0 0.12-0.125 2,5 0.08 0,082 8 250-300 700 0.35-0.5 4.0 0.12-0.125 2,3 0.08 0,085 9 250-300 700 0.35-0.5 4.0 0.12-0.125 2.0 0.08 0.09 10 250-300 700 0.35-0.5 4.0 0.12-0.125 2.7 0.08 0.09 eleven 400 600 1,02 3.2 0.15 3.0 0.1 0.11 12 450 700 1.48 4.0 0.17 2,5 0.115 0.12 13 500 750 2.15 5.1 0.21 2.0 0.125 0.13 fourteen 550 800 2.7 5.8 0.25 2.7 0.135 0.14 fifteen 600 850 3.42 6.3 0.27 3.0 0.145 0.15 16 300 1800 0.35-0.5 25.7 0.125 2,3 0.08 0.58 17 450 1800 1.48 25.7 0.17 2,5 0.115 0.58 eighteen 600 1800 3.42 25.7 0.27 2,3 0.145 0.58 19 300 600 0.55 0.55 0.08 9.5 0.08 0.09 twenty 450 700 1,50 1,50 0.12 10.0 0.115 0.12 21 600 800 3.52 3.52 0.18 9.8 0.145 0.15 Note: compositions No. 19-21 of the prototype.

Claims (1)

Heat-efficient adhesive, including a composite binder based on Portland cement and activated technogenic waste of aluminosilicate composition, lightweight aggregate, water-retaining and modified plasticizing additive and water, characterized in that it contains blast-furnace or electrothermophosphoric granular slag with an increased specific surface of 3000-4750 cm ² / g and / or bauxite sludge, and / or converter slag crushed to a specific surface area of 3500-4500 cm ² / g, and as a light fill It contains expanded polystyrene granules or glass granules, or expanded clay gravel of a polyfraction composition, or expanded polystyrene in the form of sawdust from expanded polystyrene arrays, or perlite sand, or their double or triple mixtures in any volume ratios, with a maximum particle size of not more than 3 mm, as a water-holding additive contains a substance selected from methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose or methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, or redispersible copolymer powders of vinyl acetate or versatate monomers, or acrylate, silt and ethylene with polyvinyl alcohol, as a modified plasticizing additive, contains a complex polyfunctional additive selected from a plasticizer or a mixture of plasticizers, such as a plasticizer based on polycarboxylates in the form of water-soluble salts of alkali and alkaline earth metals polyacrylic acids, or a plasticizer based on products of copolymerization of polyacrylic acids with allyl or hydroxyethylated allyl alcohol or maleic acid in the form of the same water-soluble salts, or a plasticizer based on sodium or calcium salts of sulfonated polycondensation products of naphthalene with formaldehyde, or a plasticizer based on the same salts of sulfonated polycondensation products of melamine with formaldehyde, or a plasticizer based on the same salts of sulfonated polycondensation products of polycondensation waste products of phenol based on cumylphenol and dimers of α-methyl dimers their double or ternary mixtures in any proportions, modified with directional additives in an amount of 0-5 wt.% in the form of lignosulfone technical (LF), or water-soluble formates of alkali and alkaline earth metals, or a hydrophobizing agent based on organosilicon compounds, or aqueous polymer dispersions based on styrene, butadiene, or acronitrile, or neutralized saponified wood resin (LMS), or as a mixture of sodium trietanolovyh salts or monoethanolamides of synthetic fatty acids, sulfates fractions of C ₉ -C _14, or a mixture of the same salts of alkylsulfuric acids fraction C ₁₀ -C _16, or a mixture of the same salts of fatty alcohol sulfates primary in fractions of C ₉ -C ₁₂ or their binary or ternary mixtures in equal ratios in the following ratio, wt.%:
Composite binder 36.0-57.0 Lightweight placeholder 7.5-13.5 Water retention additive 0.054-0.09 Modified Plasticizing Additive 0.018-0.042 Water Rest