RU2493314C2 - Method to withdraw damaged screw from dowel of reinforced concrete sleeper - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: to withdraw a damaged screw from a dowel of a reinforced concrete sleeper, foreign objects are removed from the dowel cavity. Further a conductor is installed onto the sleeper, it is fixed in the dowel cavity and to the foot of the railway rail, two holes are drilled according to the conductor in the screw body with eccentricity relative to the screw axis. Then an extractor is inserted into the oval opening produced in the screw body, and the damaged screw is removed from the dowel. Shape and size of the working tip of the extractor correspond to the produced oval opening.

EFFECT: possibility to apply a considerable torque required for removal of a damaged screw, by elimination of extractor slipping in a screw body, which increases reliability of this method.

8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to railway transport, in particular to repair of a railway track, and can be used to repair reinforced concrete sleepers with fasteners of the type ZhBR-65ShD.

During operation of the track with screw-dowel fastening ZhBR-65ShD due to the fact that small ballast particles get into and into the dowel, ramming of the screw inside the dowel from alternating loads that occur during the passage of the train often occurs. The problem arises of extracting the remnants of the damaged screw from the dowel of the sleepers, followed by setting up a new one.

A known method of repairing wooden sleepers (AS USSR No. 779487, ЕВВ 31/24, publ. 15.11.80), which consists in the fact that the hole in the body of the sleepers is performed by the formation of a round core screw, which is removed from the sleepers together screw fragment. The disadvantage of this method is that it is unacceptable for the repair of reinforced concrete sleepers.

There is a method in a device for removing embedded bolts from reinforced concrete sleepers (US Pat. No. 201076. ЕВВ 31/26, publ. 30.03.94), with which they clean the nests in the sleepers for embedded bolts, capture the threaded part of the bolt, turn the bolt and remove it . However, this method and device can only work with the ends of the embedded bolts protruding from the sleeper and are not applicable when working with a fragment of a screw in the sleeper.

A known method of repairing sleepers (patent No. 2400591, ЕВВ 31/24, ЕВВ 29/24, published on 09/27/2010, adopted as a prototype), in which, after removing foreign objects and rust from the cavity of the dowel of the sleepers, the surface of the damaged screw is leveled with an end mill. Then, the surface is smoothed and a hole is drilled in a screw with a diameter of up to 10 mm to a depth of 25-30 mm. An extractor is inserted into the formed recess, it is jammed and a screw is turned out. All operations are performed through special bushings.

The main disadvantage of this method is that to remove the screw fragment from the ballast particles that are clogged and tamped inside the dowel, it is necessary to apply a relatively large torque that significantly exceeds the moment that the extractor can realize, since the extractor slips in the created recess in the screw body, which limits the possibility application of the known method, its reliability is reduced.

What is needed is a method for extracting a damaged screw from a dowel of a reinforced concrete sleepers, guaranteeing the removal of a fragment of a screw from the ballast particles clogged and tamped inside the dowel when a relatively large torque is required.

The technical result of the claimed method is the expansion of the possibility of using the method and increasing its reliability by eliminating slipping of the executive tool (extractor) when removing a damaged screw.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed method for extracting a damaged screw from a dowel of a reinforced concrete sleepers, foreign objects are removed from the dowel cavity, a conductor is installed on the sleeper and fixed in the cavity of the dowel and behind the rail rail base, two holes are drilled through the conductor in the screw body with the eccentricity "e" relative to the axis of the screw, then the extractor is inserted into the obtained oval hole and the damaged screw is removed from the dowel of the sleepers, the shape and size of the working inclination chnika extractor correspond resulting oval hole.

The presence of operations of installing the conductor on the sleeper and fixing it in the cavity of the dowel and the bottom of the rail of the railway track, drilling two holes in the body of the screw with an eccentricity "e" relative to the axis of the screw, the placement in the resulting oval hole of the extractor, the shape and size of the working tip of which correspond the resulting oval hole, allows you to remove fragments of screws from the ballast particles that are clogged and tamped inside the dowel when it is required to apply a relatively large torque exceptions for slipping the executive tool (extractor) in the body of the damaged screw, since the extractor does not work due to friction, but rests on the material of the damaged screw, that is, it works like a screwdriver, which allows you to apply significant torque, which expands the possibility of applying the method to remove damaged screws from dowels of sleepers and increases its reliability.

Figure 1 shows the conductor drilling process of one of the two holes in the screw body with an eccentricity "e", where: 1 - conductor body, 2 - conductor sleeve, 3 - retainer, 4 - retainer clamp bolts, 5 - rail track 6 - reinforced concrete sleepers, 7 - dowels, 8 - damaged (broken off) screw, 9 - drill; figure 2, 3 shows the casing of the conductor 1, having shoulders 10, landing ribbed surface 11, two keys 12; figure 4 - shows the sleeve 2 with a handle 13; figure 5 - shows the conductor sleeve 2 with flats 14 and the position "a" and "b" of the sleeve when drilling two holes with an offset axis of each hole relative to the axis of the screw with an eccentricity "e"; figure 6 - shows the oval hole obtained in the screw body; figure 7 - shows the extractor 15 with the screw 16 in the hole of the screw 8; on Fig - shows the shape of the working tip of the extractor 15, section aa in Fig.7.

A method of extracting a damaged screw from a dowel of reinforced concrete sleepers is as follows.

Before removing a damaged screw 8, for example, a broken one, foreign objects (small fractions of ballast, etc.) are removed from the cavity of the dowel 7 of the sleepers 6, a surface of the free cavity of the dowel 7 is wiped with a rag. After that, the conductor housing 1 is installed on the sleeper 6, inserted by its seating surface 11 into the cavity of the dowel 7 and fix it with a ribbed surface 11. Then put the latch 3 into the girth of the sleepers 6 on the sole of the rail 5 and press the housing of the conductor 1 to the sleepers 6 through the eyes 10 (Fig. 1). Thus, the conductor body 1 is installed and fixed in the cavity of the dowel 7 with a damaged (broken) screw 8, and is also fixed to the bottom of the rail 5. After that, the conductor sleeve 2 is inserted into the conductor body 1 by the handle 13, for example, in position "a" " With a drill 9, a hole in the body of the screw 8 with an eccentricity "e" relative to the axis of the screw 8 with a depth of 10-15 mm is drilled through a conductive sleeve 2. From rotation, the bush bush 2 is fixed in the hole of the shell 1 by flats 13 at its dowels 12. Then the drill 9 is lifted, the bush bush 2 is removed by the handle 13, and the metal chips formed are removed. Insert the conductor sleeve 2 by the handle 13 into the hole of the conductor body 1 to the "b" position and drill a second hole to the same depth with an eccentricity "e" relative to the axis of the screw 8. The drill 9, the conductor sleeve 2 and the metal chips formed are removed. As a result, an oval hole with a depth of 10-15 mm (recess) was formed in the body of the screw 8 (FIG. 6). After that, the extractor 15 (FIG. 7) is inserted into the oval-shaped depression obtained in the body of the screw 8 (FIG. 7), the working tip of which corresponds in shape and size to the oval groove of the screw 8 (FIG. 8). Then, using, for example, a winch 16 by left-handed rotation of the extractor 15, like a screwdriver, unscrew the broken part of the screw 8 from the dowel 7 in the reinforced concrete sleepers 6. In this case, the extractor 15 does not work due to friction, but rests on the damaged screw material, which allows you to attach significant torque required to remove the damaged screw.

Claims (1)

The method of removing damaged screws from the anchor of a reinforced concrete sleepers, which consists in removing foreign objects from the cavity of the anchor of the sleepers, drilling holes in the body of the damaged screw, removing the damaged screw from the anchor using an extractor, characterized in that a conductor is installed on the sleeper, fix it in the cavity of the anchor and behind the sole of the rail, then drill two holes with an eccentricity (e) relative to the axis of the screw along the conductor in the screw body, then insert into the oval hole Growth of the extractor and the damaged screw is removed from the dowel of the sleepers, while the shape and size of the working tip of the extractor correspond to the obtained oval hole.

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