RU2492991C1 - Device for uncoupling of shaft-sleeve-like parts - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machine building and is intended for uncoupling and withdrawal of shaft-sleeve-like parts under conditions of limited access. Proposed device comprises case with two concentric sleeves. Outer sleeve is furnished with axially moving rack while inner sleeve incorporates extra axial displacement mechanism arranged at outer sleeve and consists of two parts interacting via spring. Inner sleeve top part is composed of a collet squeezed by axial displacement rack mechanism and extra axial displacement mechanism.Inner sleeve is arranged in the case guide. Note here that base surfaces are made on said case. Case guide is centred relative to said surfaces. Extra axial displacement mechanism may be composed of a threaded sleeve interacting with outer sleeve while axial displacement rack drive can be composed of rack or toothed sector.

EFFECT: minimised axial sizes, high-efficiency disconnector.

4 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and is intended to disconnect and remove parts of the shaft-sleeve type located in the deep hole of the product body in conditions of limited access.

A compact device for removing worn ring parts in hard to reach places is known. The device contains a nozzle in the form of a split collet and an expanding screw. The device reliably fixes the worn parts in internal diameter when they are removed from the body of the product in hard-to-reach places, but does not provide combination, removal of parts such as a shaft with limited access in the axial direction (patent RU 2307014) [1].

A device is known for extruding a shaft from an opening of parts installed in an inaccessible place, which contains grips in the form of collet petals, a screw, a crosshead with a threaded sleeve and a screw, and a glass. The free ends of the collet petals are made in the form of hooks, the thickness of which does not exceed the gap between the wall of the body of the product and the outer surface of the removed part. The device provides the removal of worn parts located in hard-to-reach places with protruding parts, for example, shoulders, but does not provide clamping of parts with a smooth surface without beads or recesses and their removal from the deep holes of the product’s body in conditions of limited axial access (patent RU 2391199) [2].

A small-sized device is known that ensures that parts of the shaft-sleeve type are assembled in an inaccessible place, including gripping the part, orienting, connecting, fixing it with minimal time, as well as removing the device from the housing in conditions of limited access without damaging the protruding part of the installed shaft. The use of a housing with base surfaces and a guide in which a hollow spring-loaded slider with a rod inside and a shaft socket inside the rod is used allows for precise orientation of the shaft relative to the housing sleeve. The device provides for the installation of the shaft in the sleeve in conditions of limited access with minimal time, but does not ensure its removal (application RU 2010123098) [3].

Known puller for mounting or pressing parts. The puller consists of a part clamping unit including a traverse, grips pivotally secured to it with gear sectors, pivotally pivotally gripped paws, made in the form of a two-shouldered lever, and a power rack assembly including a main rotor, gear racks for interacting with gear sectors of captures. The puller creates a gripping force of the paws, sufficient to extrude parts with a smooth surface without protrusions or recesses, but does not combine, clamp, remove parts from deep holes in the product’s body in an inaccessible place in the conditions of limited access in the axial direction without damaging the protruding part of the extracted part ( patent RU 2050252) [4].

A device for removing fragile parts, adopted as a prototype, containing a housing with a lifting mechanism in the form of two concentric pipes. The outer pipe is equipped with a rack-and-pinion lifting mechanism, the inner pipe is equipped with an additional vertical movement mechanism and is made in the form of a glass with a flange in the upper part, the dimensions of which correspond to the dimensions of the removed part. The device allows you to remove fragile loose parts from the working area of the press without damaging them, but does not allow to disconnect parts such as a shaft-sleeve in hard to reach places (patent RU 2426616 - prototype) [5].

The present invention solves the problem of creating a small-sized device that, under conditions of limited access, extracts a part of the long shaft type from deeply located housing openings by minimizing the axial dimensions of the device.

The technical result obtained by using the invention is the possibility of creating a high-performance tool used to disconnect parts in limited access conditions.

The specified technical result is achieved in that in a device comprising a housing with two concentrically arranged bushings, the outer of which is equipped with a rack and pinion axial movement mechanism, and the inner one, equipped with an additional axial movement mechanism mounted on the outer sleeve, consists of two parts contacting each other through a spring wherein the upper part of the inner sleeve is made in the form of a collet clamped by a rack and pinion axial movement mechanism and an additional axial movement mechanism, aruzhnaya sleeve disposed in the guide housing, and the housing formed base surface which is centered relative to the guide. In addition, to reduce the axial overall dimension, the mechanism of additional axial movement can be made in the form of a threaded sleeve interacting with the outer sleeve, and the drive of the rack and pinion mechanism of axial movement can be made in the form of a gear rack or gear sector.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 schematically shows a longitudinal section of a device.

Figure 2 schematically shows a longitudinal section of the device in the position of alignment of the collet of the device with the cylindrical surface of the extracted part.

Figure 3 schematically shows a longitudinal section of the device in the compression position of the collet of the cylindrical surface of the extracted part.

Figure 4 schematically shows a longitudinal section of the device in the position of removing the part from the body of the product.

Figure 5 schematically shows a longitudinal section of the device in the position of extracting it from the body of the product.

Figure 6 schematically shows a longitudinal section of a device with a rack and pinion drive axial movement of the gear sector.

The device (Figure 1) according to the invention comprises a housing 1 with a cylindrical 2 and end 3 base surfaces. A guide 4 is made concentrically on the base surface 2 in the housing 1. A guide element 4 is arranged concentrically on the guide mechanism 4: the outer sleeve 5 and the collet 6 inside the sleeve 5. On one side of the sleeve 5, a conical hole 7 is made, and on the other hand, a coaxially threaded hole 8 and the gear surface 9. On the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve 5 to create axial movement, a longitudinal groove 10 is made, in which the end of the pin 11 fixed in the housing 1 is located. In the collet 6 from the side of the conical hole 7, a clamping cone 12 is made, and on the other hand, a rod 13 with a thread at the end. To create axial movement of the collet 6, a longitudinal groove 14 is made on its outer surface, in which the end of the pin 15 located in the sleeve 5 is located. The rack gear of the axial movement is carried by a gear 16 installed in the housing 1. The additional axial movement is made in the form of an internal sleeve 17, interacting with the collet 6 through the spring 18 and the nut 19, mounted on the rod 13. In the collet 6 there is a hole 20 having the size and shape of the part. The rack and pinion axial movement mechanism is controlled by moving the gear rack 21 or the gear sector 22 (Fig. 6), the additional axial movement mechanism is controlled by rotating the inner sleeve 17.

The device operates as follows.

The initial position of the device is presented in figure 1. In the initial position, the device has a minimum axial size, which allows you to perform the operation of installing the device in the body of the product in hard to reach places. In the initial position, the gear rack 21 (or the gear sector 22) is in its highest position, the sleeve 5 is in its lowest position, the collet 6 under the action of the spring 18 is in its highest position, determined by the nut 19 and the inner sleeve 17. Under the action of the elastic forces of the collet 6 hole 20 is maximally open. The interaction of the pins 11 and 15 with the longitudinal grooves 10 and 14, respectively, provides axial movement of the sleeve 5 and the collet 9.

The device in its initial position is installed in the body of the product to combine the base surfaces 2 and 3 of the housing 1 with the mating surfaces of the product (Figure 2), which ensures accurate orientation of the device relative to the axis of the part. Due to the axial movement of the base surface 2 in the product body, the protruding surface of the part enters the collet 6 without damage. To combine the hole 20 of the collet 6 with the part, the gear rack 21 (or the gear sector 22) is moved to its lowest position, while the sleeve 5 together with the collet 6 moves up to the end of the end of the hole 20 of the collet 6 at the end of the part to be removed. With the further movement of the rack 21, the movement of the collet 6 stops, and the sleeve 5, compressing the spring 18, continues to move until the conical surfaces 7 and 12 of the sleeve 5 and the collet 6 are combined and then compressed by the petals of the collet 6 of the cylindrical surface of the part. The increase in compression force and fixing the clamp on the cylindrical surface of the part with a collet 6 is performed by rotating the threaded sleeve 17, abutting against the nut 19 (Figure 3).

To remove the part from the body of the product, the gear rack 21 or the gear sector 22 is moved to its highest position, while the sleeve 5 with the gear wheel 16 together with the inner sleeve 17, the collet 6, with the component removed from the housing clamped in the collet 6, the spring 18 is moved to the extreme the lower position, while the damage to the part does not occur due to the execution of the axial movement provided by the interaction of the pins 11 and 15 with the longitudinal grooves 10 and 14, respectively (Figure 4).

In the process of extracting the part, the device and part are centered, which is necessary to align the collet with the cylindrical surface of the part to be removed, clamp on a smooth surface, and remove the part from the housing opening without damaging it.

After the extraction of the part from the body of the product is completed, the device is removed from the product (Fig. 5, 6). When removing the device from the product, the part also does not receive damage to its protruding part due to the axial movement of the device.

Information sources

1. A device for removing worn parts in hard to reach places. Patent RU 2307014 C2 of January 25, 2005, publ. 09/27/2007.

2. Device for extracting worn parts. Patent RU 2391199 C1 of 10.30.2008, publ. 06/10/2010.

3. Fixture for assembling parts. Application RU 2010123098 with a decision dated 06/15/2011 on the grant of a patent.

4. Puller. Patent RU 2050252 C1 of 02.25.1992, publ. 12/20/1995.

5. A device for removing fragile parts from the working area of the press. Patent RU 2426616 C1 of 05/13/2010, publ. 08/20/2011 - a prototype.

Claims (4)

1. A device for separating parts of the shaft-sleeve type, comprising a housing with two concentrically arranged bushings, the outer of which is equipped with a rack-and-pinion axial movement mechanism, and the inner one, equipped with an additional axial movement mechanism mounted on the outer sleeve, consists of two parts in contact with each other through a spring, characterized in that the upper part of the inner sleeve is made in the form of a collet clamped by a rack and pinion axial movement mechanism and an additional axial movement mechanism and the outer sleeve is located in the guide of the housing, while the base surfaces are made on the housing, relative to which the guide is centered. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional axial movement mechanism is made in the form of a threaded sleeve having the ability to interact with the outer sleeve. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive rack and pinion mechanism of axial movement is made in the form of a gear rack. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive rack and pinion mechanism of axial movement is made in the form of a gear sector.

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