RU2492700C1 - Method for treatment of subclinical ketosis with cows - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to veterinary science, in particular, to a method for treatment of subclinical ketosis with cows. The method for treatment of subclinical ketosis with cows involves propylene glycol administration with a fodder in a dose equal to 500 ml per head 2 times a day (in the morning - 250 ml and in the evening - 250 ml) during 7 days. Additionally, Khotynets zeolites in a dose equal to 3% of the dry fodder weight per head and 15 g of lecithin per 100 kg of cow live weight are administered during 7 days (one time in the morning) by way of mixing with the ration feedstuff.

EFFECT: invention usage will allow to enhance treatment efficiency, increase yield and improve quality of milk.

2 tbl, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine and can be used in the treatment of cows with subclinical ketosis.

Subclinical ketosis is a widespread disease of dairy cows, causing great economic damage to the dairy industry. Most often, highly productive cows are sick with ketosis during calving and maximum milk yield. Ketosis is accompanied by the accumulation of ketone bodies in the body and an increase in their content in the blood, urine and milk, metabolic disorders and liver damage.

It has been established that subclinical ketosis is accompanied by an increase in free radical oxidation reactions, which is confirmed by an increase in the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the blood and a decrease in the antioxidant defense power (by the activity of ceruloplasmin). MDA is a product of free radical lipid peroxidation processes. Ceruloplasmin is a copper-containing plasma protein that has the activity of the oxidase enzyme (it binds 90-95% of plasma copper), participates in the exchange of copper, iron, in the acute phase of inflammation, supports hematopoiesis, inactivates oxygen free radicals, preventing the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids [ Shevchenko O.P. Clinical and diagnostic value of ceruloplasmin / O.P. Shevchenko, O.V. Orlova // Clinical laboratory diagnostics. - 2006. - No. 7. - S.23-28] - (1).

As a result of studies, it was found that in cows with subclinical ketosis, the MDA level in comparison with healthy cows is higher by 66.2%, and the activity of ceruloplasmin is lower by 69.7%.

According to a number of authors, excessive activation of free-radical oxidation processes is a universal non-specific link in the mechanism of development of various pathological conditions of the body. In the scientific literature there is evidence of the participation of free radicals in the pathogenesis of ketosis in cows [Fomichev Yu.P. Prevention of ketosis in highly productive dairy cows using the drug Mival-Zoo / Yu.P. Fomichev, S.A. Zaitsev, etc. // Zootechny. - 2009. - No. 4. - S.13-15] - (2).

There is a method of treating subclinical ketosis in cows, in which propylene glycol is administered at a dose of 500 ml per head with food 2 times a day (250 ml in the morning and 250 ml in the evening) for 7 days [V. Trushina. Reference veterinarian / V.A. Trushina, L.A. Sivokhina, I.I. Kalyuzhny and others; under. ed. A.V. Korobov. - M .: Aquarium-Print LLC, 2006. - 608 s] - (3).

The disadvantage of this method is its lack of effectiveness.

The objective of the proposed method is to increase the efficiency of treatment of cows with subclinical ketosis and improve the quality of their milk due to the normalization of free-radical oxidation and antioxidant protection.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the known method of treating subclinical ketosis in cows, which consists in the use of propylene glycol at a dose of 500 ml per head with food 2 times a day (250 ml in the morning and 250 ml in the evening) for 7 days, according to the invention, additionally include Khotynets zeolites at a dose of 3% of the dry weight of feed per head and 15 g of lecithin per 100 kg of live weight of the cow for 7 days once in the morning by mixing with the feed ration.

Zeolites of the Khotynetsky deposit of the Oryol region are natural minerals, which are fine loose or granular powder. The chemical composition of the Khotynets zeolites (oxides in% by weight) is as follows: SiO ₂ - 77.85, TiO ₂ - 0.57, FeO - 0.23, Na ₂ O - 0.23, Al ₂ O ₃ - 10.41, K ₂ O - 1.70, MgO - 1.32, P ₂ O ₅ - 0.4, CaO - 1.52, MnO - 0.02. Zeolites contain up to 40 macro- and microelements, including: aluminum - 4.9%, iron - 2.2%, calcium - 2%, potassium - 2.1%, sodium - 1.5%, magnesium - 1 ,four%; copper - 27.2 mg / kg, nickel - 14.1 mg / kg, zinc - 74.1 mg / kg, manganese - 462 mg / kg, cobalt - 7.2 mg / kg, lead - 22.7 mg / kg, cadmium - 1.2 mg / kg, titanium - 90 mg / kg, chromium - 64.2 mg / kg, arsenic - 1.3 mg / kg. The content of salts of heavy metals in the Khotynets zeolites does not exceed the norm [Yarovan N.I. Biochemical substantiation of the use of the Khotynetsk zeolites of the Oryol region in animal breeding / N.I. Yavrovan. - Eagle, 2007. - 78 s] - (4).

The positive effect of Khotynets zeolites during subclinical ketosis is explained by the fact that Khotynets zeolites have a sorption ability with respect to free radicals and are sources of mineral elements, including metals with variable valency, which leads to an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. In addition, the additional amount of mineral elements partially reduces nutritional stress due to the normalization of mineral metabolism.

Lecithin is a phospholipid, is a derivative of glycerol and fatty acids, contains phosphoric acid and nitrogenous bases (cholyl, ethanolamine). In the proposed method used hydrolyzed lecithin "Centrolex F" powder with a percentage of phospholipids - 97%. The antioxidant and antihypoxic properties of the Khotynets zeolites and lecithin are more pronounced when used in combination in the treatment of subclinical ketosis in cows.

Scientific and production experiments were carried out on the basis of OJSC “APK Orlovskaya Niva” JV “Complex for the production of milk Saburovo” Oryol region. The objects of research were cows of the Holstein black-motley breed of the 2nd lactation with an average milk yield per lactation of 7000 kg of milk. During the experiment, 3 groups of cows were formed with 7 goals each:

1 - experimental (control) group - healthy animals;

2 - experimental group - cows with subclinical ketosis - treatment by a known method;

3 - experimental group - cows with subclinical ketosis - treatment by the proposed method.

Example 1

7 healthy cows of the Holstein black-motley breed, with an average milk yield for the last completed lactation of 6800 kg of milk, were examined for free radical oxidation in terms of malondialdehyde and the state of antioxidant protection in ceruloplasmin activity. Blood was taken for laboratory analysis in the morning before feeding from the jugular vein before the experiment (MDA level was 0.024 ± 0.003 units of density, activity of ceruloplasmin - 1.897 ± 0.26 units of density), and then on the 8th the day after the start of the experiment (the MDA level was 0.022 ± 0.001 units of opt. density, the activity of ceruloplasmin - 1.931 ± 0.54 units of opt. density).

Example 2

7 cows of Holstein black-motley breed with subclinical ketosis, with an average milk yield for the last completed lactation of 6500 kg of milk, were examined for the level of free radical oxidation in terms of malondialdehyde and the state of antioxidant protection in ceruloplasmin activity. Treatment of subclinical ketosis was carried out according to a known method — propylene glycol was used at a dose of 500 ml per head with food 2 times a day (250 ml in the morning and 250 ml in the evening) for 7 days. Blood was taken for laboratory analysis in the morning before feeding from the jugular vein before treatment (MDA level was 0.071 ± 0.004 units of density, activity of ceruloplasmin - 0.575 ± 0.042 units of density), and then on the 8th day after initiation of treatment (MDA level was 0.046 ± 0.003 units of opt. density, the activity of ceruloplasmin - 0.664 ± 0.03 units of opt. density).

Example 3

7 cows of the Holstein black-motley breed with subclinical ketosis, with an average milk yield for the last completed lactation of 6550 kg of milk, were examined for the level of free radical oxidation in terms of malondialdehyde and the state of antioxidant protection in ceruloplasmin activity. Treatment of subclinical ketosis was performed according to the proposed method. Blood was taken for laboratory analysis in the morning before feeding from the jugular vein before treatment (MDA level was 0.067 ± 0.002 units of density, activity of ceruloplasmin - 0.566 ± 0.033 units of density), and then on the 8th day after initiation of treatment (MDA level was 0.024 ± 0.004 units of opt. density, activity of ceruloplasmin - 1.712 ± 0.31 units of opt. density).

Comparative indicators of the content of malondialdehyde and the antioxidant ceruloplasmin in serum in cows of the three studied groups are presented in table 1.

Groups of animals MDA indicators in arbitrary units (opt. Pl.) Indicators of ceruloplasmin activity in units in units (unit opt. Pl.) before the experiment on the 8th day after the start of the experiment before the experiment on the 8th day after the start of the experiment 1 group (control - healthy animals) 0.024 ± 0.003 0.022 ± 0.001 1.897 ± 0.26 1.931 ± 0.54 2 experimental group (cows with subclinical ketosis, treatment by a known method) 0.071 ± 0.004 0.046 ± 0.003 0.575 ± 0.042 0.664 ± 0.029 3 experimental group (cows with subclinical ketosis, treatment by the proposed method) 0.067 ± 0.002 0.024 ± 0.004 *** 0.566 ± 0.033 1.712 ± 0.31 ** * - P <0.05; ** - P <0.01; *** - P <0.001

As can be seen from the table, in cows that were treated with the proposed method compared with cows that were treated in a known manner, there was a significant decrease in the concentration of malondialdehyde by 48.8% and an increase in the activity of ceruloplasmin by 61.2%. These changes show the suppression of increased activation of free radical processes in the body of cows treated with Hotyn zeolites and lecithin, and an increase in the power of the antioxidant system (in terms of ceruloplasmin) due to their adaptogenic effect.

As a result of the experiment, an increase in free-radical processes and a decrease in the power of their own antioxidant system in cows with subclinical ketosis, as well as the positive effect of the Hotyn zeolites and lecithin on these processes were established.

The most important of the obtained results is the improvement of milk quality indicators in cows with subclinical ketosis, which were treated according to the proposed method, due to the normalization of free radical oxidation and antioxidant protection and a decrease in the level of ketone bodies in milk. In addition, these cows show a positive correlation between the level of MDA in serum and the level of ketone bodies in milk.

The research results are presented in table 2.

Groups of animals MDA indicators in arbitrary units (opt. Pl.) The content of ketone bodies in milk (mg%) before the experiment on the 8th day after the start of the experiment before the experiment on the 8th day after the start of the experiment 1 group (control - healthy animals) 0.024 ± 0.003 0.022 ± 0.001 6.68 ± 0.21 6.82 ± 0.17 2 experimental group (cows with subclinical ketosis, treatment by a known method) 0.071 ± 0.004 0.046 ± 0.003 14.32 ± 0.29 9.53 ± 0.19 3 experimental group (cows with subclinical ketosis, treatment by the proposed method) 0.067 ± 0.002 0.024 ± 0.004 *** 13.78 ± 0.31 8.21 ± 0.27 ** * - P <0.05; ** - P <0.01; *** - P <0.001

The table shows that in cows, which additionally used Hotynets zeolites and lecithin in comparison with cows, which were treated only by the known method, with a decrease in the level of MDA, a significant decrease in the content of ketone bodies in milk was noted by 13.9%.

Thus, the use of the proposed method for the treatment of subclinical ketosis in cows makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of treatment by normalizing free radical oxidation and antioxidant protection and improve the quality of their milk by reducing the level of ketone bodies.

Claims (1)

A method of treating subclinical ketosis in cows, including the use of propylene glycol at a dose of 500 ml per head with food 2 times a day (in the morning, 250 ml and in the evening 250 ml) for 7 days, characterized in that they additionally include Khotynets zeolites at a dose of 3% dry mass of feed per head and 15 g of lecithin per 100 kg of live weight of a cow for 7 days once in the morning by mixing with the diet feed.