RU2492013C1 - Pressure plate - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to metal forming and may in production of axially symmetric billets. Pressure plate has central cavity made in its body on working end side shaped to conical recess with taper angle α=1-5° its smaller base located on pressure plate working face side. Truncated cone smaller base area is defined by the equation $$S=\frac{\pi {(d_{\text{cir}\text{.circle}}+(1-5))}^2}{4},$$

where d_cir.circle is the diameter of circle circumscribing section cross-section.

EFFECT: ruled out funnel, reduced butt-end.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure, in particular, to a device for pressing profiles by direct method.

A well-known classical press washer (I.L. Perlin, L.X. Reitbarg. Theory of metal pressing. M., "Metallurgy", 1975, p.16.) For pressing solid products by extruding a metal workpiece placed by a flat press washer placed into the container, through the matrix point.

The disadvantage of this press washer is that it does not allow you to remove the press weight in the press product and reduce the press balance. Since the section of the press product in which there is a press weight has to be cut off and sent for recycling, the yield and productivity of the pressing process are reduced as a result.

The closest device and selected by the authors for the prototype (Patent RU 2151013 C1, IPC VC 23/08, 25/00, published on 06/20/2000) is a press washer having a cone-shaped recess with a convex generatrix made in the form of a Neil parabola, and the base on the end of the press washer.

The disadvantage of this device is that the press washer does not allow to completely eliminate the press tension in the press product due to the fact that with the concave shape of the forming cavity, the metal reserved in the cavity of the press washer formed by the side press weights is cut off. In addition, the press washer with a concave forming does not significantly reduce the press balance.

The objective of the invention is to increase the productivity of the process.

где d_{опис.окр.} - диаметр окружности, описывающей сечение профиля.The task is achieved by the fact that in the press washer for pressing profiles a central cavity is made on the side of the working end, according to the invention, the cavity is made in the form of a conical recess with a taper angle α = 1-5 °, the smaller base of which rests on the working end of the press washer , the area of the smaller base of the truncated cone is determined from the relation $$S=\frac{\pi {(d_{\mathrm{about}P\mathrm{and}\mathrm{from}.\mathrm{about}\mathrm{to}R.}+(\mathrm{one}-5))}^2}{\mathrm{four}},$$

where d is _descript. - the diameter of the circle describing the cross section of the profile.

The press washer is shown in the drawing.

In the body of the press washer 1, a recess 2 is made in the form of a truncated cone with a taper angle α = 1-5 °, the smaller base of which rests on the working end 3 of the press washer 1.

Угол конусности составляет от 1° до 5°, так как конусность более 5° не будет способствовать свободному истечению металла из углубления на заключительной стадии прессования.The inventive press washer can be used to obtain profiles of different sizes due to different sizes of the filling volume of the cavity of the press washer with the metal of the workpiece, which for each profile size is selected empirically and is in the range of V = (0.003 -0.015) · μ · d ³ . The area of the smaller base of the truncated cone, resting on the working end face of the press washer, is related to the area of the profile circumference described as $$S=\frac{\pi {(d_{\mathrm{about}P\mathrm{and}\mathrm{from}.\mathrm{about}\mathrm{to}R.}+(\mathrm{one}-5))}^2}{\mathrm{four}}.$$

The taper angle is from 1 ° to 5 °, since a taper of more than 5 ° will not contribute to the free flow of metal from the recess at the final stage of pressing.

To verify the claimed technical solution, the following work was carried out.

According to the claimed technical solution, a press washer was made having a central cavity in the form of a truncated cone on the working surface. The diameter of the base of the cavity at the end of the press washer was 130 mm. The depth of the cavity is 30 mm.

Using a press washer, a workpiece with a diameter of 240 mm was pressed from an aluminum alloy HELL into a bar of 0 120 mm. A workpiece heated to the pressing temperature was placed in a container between the die and the press washer.

The cavity in the press washer was made of the following types:

1. Taper angle 1-5 °;

2. The height of the recess 10-50 mm.

The rods obtained by the claimed technical solution were cut and the presence or absence of a press tension was determined in them, the weight of the press residue was determined

Analysis of the data shows that the claimed technical solution compares favorably with the prototype in the absence of a press weight in the press product and a significantly smaller weight of the press residue, which is 1-2% of the weight of the workpiece. This increases the yield when pressing the rods according to the claimed technical solution, because according to the prototype, up to 10% of the metal of the pressed product containing the press weight (including the press balance, which is 6.1% of the weight of the workpiece), is cut off from the bar and sent for processing. Using the proposed technical solution allows to reduce the length of the workpiece to obtain a bar of the same length as in the prototype, in the manufacture of measured products or, without changing the length of the workpiece, to increase the length of the resulting product in the manufacture of non-measured products.

The optimal parameters of the proposed technical solution are as follows:

- a press washer with a central cavity in its body from the side of the working end in the form of a truncated cone, the smaller base of which rests on the working end of the press washer.

According to the applicant, the invention can also be used in the manufacture of wire, products from powder materials with predetermined properties.

Claims (1)

A press washer for pressing profiles with a central cavity in its body from the side of the working end, characterized in that the central cavity is made in the form of a conical recess with a taper angle α = 1-5 ° with a smaller base on the side of the working end of the press washer, and the area S of the smaller base of the truncated cone is determined from the relation
$$S=\frac{\pi {(d_{\mathrm{about}P\mathrm{and}\mathrm{from}.\mathrm{about}\mathrm{to}R.}+(\mathrm{one}-5))}^2}{\mathrm{four}}$$

,
where d is _descript. - the diameter of the circle describing the cross section of the profile.

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