RU2489834C1 - Planting unit of sowing machine of precision seeding - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: planting unit comprises a seed hopper, a drive drum with seed channels, a device of seeds output. In the drive drum the through holes are made at an angle of 60°-75° to its axis, in which the seed channels are located in the form of pipes which inner diameter is 2-3 times greater than the maximum size of the seeds. At the ends of the seed channels the removable intakes are made in the form of scoops having a shape of quarter of hollow torus.

EFFECT: invention with its relatively simple design enables to provide increased accuracy of metering seeds of different agricultural crops having a rounded shape.

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Description

The present invention is intended for use in the agricultural sector for planting crops.

Known metering apparatus precision seeder [Pat. No. 2360395 RF], including vertically placed in an airtight box for seeds and water with a sowing window in the upper part of the drive disk. Along the periphery of the disk are mounted by means of axes with the possibility of rotation in front of the sowing window of the cell in the form of seeds of the sowing culture. In the bottom of each of the cells made a hole and stops for fixing the cells. The cells are made in the form of spoons, made together with the rocker arms for connecting the spoons to the axes. The axes are located in the plane of the disk at an angle of 45-60 ° to the radius of the disk.

The disadvantages of this unit include the low accuracy of dosing caused by the ability to capture several seeds in one cell and inclined axes.

Closest to the proposed invention is a sowing machine precision seeder [http://www.suttonag.com/SeedAce.html]. The seeder consists of a seed hopper, a drive drum with seed channels, a seed output device consisting of two vertical partitions on which brushes are located. For single-piece selection of seeds from the hopper, this sowing apparatus uses a pneumatic system consisting of a compressor, an accumulator and pipelines.

The disadvantages of this sowing apparatus for precision seeders include the complexity of the design, the need to use pumping equipment and batteries, as well as the low accuracy of seed metering, due to the possibility of several seeds sticking to the seed channels at the same time. It is also possible the penetration of seeds during operation into the device for removing seeds from the working area between the vertical partitions through the brushes.

The objective of the invention is to provide a sowing apparatus for precision seeders, having a simple structure and allowing to plant seeds with high accuracy.

This object is achieved by the fact that in the sowing apparatus of the precision seeder, consisting of a seed hopper, a drive drum with seed channels, a seed output device, in the drive drum, through holes are made at an angle of 60 ° -75 ° to its axis, in which the seed channels are placed in the form of nozzles, the inner diameter of which is 2-3 times larger than the maximum seed size, removable intake devices made in the form of scoops having the shape of a quarter of a hollow torus are made at the ends of the seed canals.

Figure 1 shows the sowing apparatus of the precision seeder.

Figure 2 shows a view of A.

Figure 3 shows a removable device for collecting seeds (enlarged)

Figure 4 shows the process of capturing a seed from a seed hopper with a device for collecting seeds.

The precision seeder seeder consists of a seed hopper 1, a drive drum 2, in which through holes 3 are made. A seed channel 4 is installed in each through hole 3. Removable sampling devices are placed at the outer ends of the seed channels 5. The seeds taken from the seed hopper 1 individually enter the seed output device 6. The rotation of the drive drum 2 is carried out through the pulley 7 of the V-belt transmission.

The sowing apparatus of the precision seeder works as follows.

When the drive drum 2 is rotated from the seed hopper, each pick-up device 5 located at the outer ends of the seed channels 4 captures one seed. The captured seeds during rotation of the drive drum 2 rise from the seed hopper 1, and when the seed channel is rotated by an angle of 45 ° -70 °, relative to the horizontal plane under the action of gravity, they fall into its internal cavity. Next, the seeds enter the seed output device 6 (seed tube).

Due to the fact that the internal diameter of the seed canals made in the form of nozzles exceeds 2-3 times the maximum seed size, the possibility of their jamming of seeds in the seed canals is excluded.

The location of the seed canals, inclined with respect to the axis of the drum, allows organizing the unloading of captured seeds through the internal cavity of the seed canals and through holes in the drum directly to the seed output device (seed tube), excluding additional devices for unloading from the design.

Another advantage of the inclined execution of the seminal canals is the ease of placement of the drive. The installation of the seed canals at an angle of 60 ° -75 ° to the axis of the drum allows for the movement of seeds along the internal cavities without jamming.

The presence of removable devices for collecting seeds, makes it possible to use the metering device for various types and sizes of seeds by installing different-sized sampling devices.

To ensure piece-by-piece sampling of seeds from the seed hopper by each suction device, it is advisable to perform them in the form of a quarter of a hollow torus. This form eliminates the ingress of the second seed and does not impede the movement of seeds into the seminal canals during unloading.

The proposed metering device for precision seeder with a relatively simple design allows for accurate (piece) dosing of seeds of various crops that have a rounded shape.

Claims (1)

The sowing apparatus of the precision seeder, consisting of a seed hopper, a drive drum with seed channels, a seed output device, characterized in that the drive drum has through holes at an angle of 60-75 ° to its axis, in which the seed channels are placed in the form of nozzles, the inner diameter of which is 2-3 times larger than the maximum size of the seeds, and at the ends of the seed canals are removable intake devices made in the form of scoops having the shape of a quarter of a hollow torus.

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