RU2489548C2 - Screw injection anchor pile - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: screw injection anchor pile comprises a shell connected with a cone tip comprising a helical blade. In the lower part of the cone tip there is an injector nozzle. Additionally the device comprises a rod with a tip, an injector, a reinforcement frame. At the same time the rod is installed into the injector, the rod tip is installed into the injector nozzle, the injector is connected with the rod and the injector nozzle, the reinforcement frame is connected with the cone tip.

EFFECT: increased bearing capacity, expanded area of application, simplified production and assembly.

31 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to construction, relates to a screw injection pile anchor and its variants, which can be used in the construction of foundations in low-rise construction on all types of soils, as well as for compaction of adjacent soil.

Known screw anchor, including a rod rod and a screw blade in the form of a cylindrical corkscrew, placed around the lower part of the rod, while it is equipped with a removable pipe, worn with a clearance on the rod and mounted on it by means of a thrust washer and a removable clamp, and the pipe is made smaller, than the rod, its lower part is placed inside the corkscrew and made with holes located at the same distance from each other, the upper part is equipped with a fitting (RU 2034956 C1, E02D 5/56, E02D 5/80, publ. 10.05.1995). Before installing a screw anchor in the ground, the pipe is put on the rod and fastened with a latch. After this, the anchor is immersed in the ground by screwing. After immersion to a predetermined depth, the clamp is removed and the pipe is connected to the hose of the pump unit with a fitting. After that, cement mortar is injected into the pipe under pressure, which through the holes enters the inner cavity of the corkscrew, compacting and fixing the soil there. After injecting a portion of the cement mortar, the pipe rises to the surface. After the cement mortar is injected into the working area, the corkscrew together with the soil turns into a monolith and the holding force of the anchor increases significantly, increasing its bearing capacity.

Known bored pile (RU 2270294 C1, E02D 5/56, publ. 02.20.2006), which is an elongated body of revolution with a tip in the lower part, on the outer surface of which a screw auger is mounted along the body, the winding of which is made constant sections with a given pitch and angle of winding. The upper end of the specified body is made with communication elements with a device that provides transmission of torque to the pile and the creation of axial load. The winding on the outer surface of the body of revolution is made of a continuous pipe or interconnected pipe sections with an inner diameter of 0.5 to 1.5 inches. A pipe or pipes connected between pipe sections, forming the specified winding, in the lower part facing the tip, are perforated for injection under pressure of a fixing solution. A method of erecting a bored pile in karst or weakly bearing soils involves rotating the pile with a tip at the bottom and with a screw screw on the outer surface into the soil to the design elevation with the withdrawal of the selected soil on the day surface and supplying cement to the pile heel zone. When immersed by rotation of the pile, cement is supplied through the perforation made in the lower part of the hollow winding of the screw screw facing the tip to fill the karst cavities or seal the wall of the soil hole along the entire length of the pile. The technical result consists in providing increased density of compacted soil in the area of the wall of the soil hole under the pile along the entire length of the wall.

However, during installation in clay soils, clogging of the winding holes will occur. Also, the disadvantages include the complexity of its manufacture and installation.

A screw pile is known that contains a barrel with a screw shoe fixed to the front in the direction of screwing in the form of a hub with a conical tip, equipped with a screw blade, while an injector in the form of a pipe with holes oriented perpendicular to its axis, the front end of which is fixed to the conical tip of the shoe has a plug in the form of a cone, and the rear, located in the shoe, is connected to a pipe installed inside the barrel, the upper end of which is connected to a pump for feeding the soil-strengthening mixture (RU 2413818 1, E02D 5/56, publ. 10.03.2011 city). EFFECT: increased bearing capacity of a screw pile in loose, compressible soils.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed invention is a screw pile, the design of which is described in a method for immersing a screw pile in the ground (Japanese application No. 60-57943, publ. 03.08.94, class., E02D 5/56) adopted for the closest analogue (prototype).

The pile, according to the prototype, has a cylindrical tubular trunk and a conical tip equipped with a helical blade made of individual elements. A threaded rod is located on the upper surface of the conical tip for connecting the conical tip to the cylindrical section of the pile, which is a tubular shell filled with concrete.

A disadvantage of the known screw piles is a technologically difficult solution to a screw blade, consisting of individual elements. Another disadvantage of a screw pile is its low bearing capacity, which limits its scope. This pile cannot be used on soft soils. In addition, this pile can be used only once. After filling the pile shaft with concrete, the pile can no longer be removed from the ground.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a screw injection piles for the construction of foundations on all types of soils and for compaction of the adjacent soil.

The technical result from the use of the invention is to increase the bearing capacity, expand the scope, simplifying production and installation.

This object is achieved in that in a screw injection pile anchor containing a shell connected to a conical tip provided with a screw blade, an injector nozzle is made in the lower part of the conical tip, the device further comprises a rod with a tip, an injector, a reinforcing cage, and the rod is installed in the injector, the tip of the rod is installed in the nozzle of the injector, the injector is connected to the rod and the nozzle of the injector, the reinforcing cage is connected to the conical tip; the shell, injector and rod are made in the form of pipes; the shell is removable and fixed with a thrust guide washer and nut; the shell is made with a diameter of 57-1450 mm, a length of 500-100000 mm; the shell can be connected to the conical tip using dowels made in the form of protrusions on the inner surface of the shell that engage with reinforcing elements of the connection of the conical tip with the reinforcing cage; the helical blade is made single; a single helical blade is located on the nozzle of the injector; a single helical blade is located on the conical tip; a single helical blade is located on the nozzle of the injector and on the conical tip; a helical blade is made of two helical blades arranged sequentially one after another; two screw blades are located with a gap between them; the first screw blade is located on the nozzle of the injector, and the second on the nozzle of the injector and the cone; the diameter of the screw blade is made in the size of 85-3500 mm; the diameter of the helical blades is 1.5-2.5 times greater than the diameter of the shell; the pitch of the screw blade is 0.15-0.35 of the diameter of the screw blade; the screw blade is made in the form of a winding located along the outer generatrix of the pile from the conical tip to 3/4 of the length of the shell; the nozzle of the injector is welded to the conical tip; the inner diameter of the nozzle of the injector is made in the size of 15-200 mm; the rod is connected to the injector by means of a threaded connection made in the upper part of the rod and injector, and fixed with a nut; the injector is connected to the nozzle of the injector by means of a threaded connection; the injector is connected to the injector nozzle by means of a bayonet coupling; the reinforcing cage is welded to the inside of the cone tip; at the junction of the reinforcing cage with the conical tip, reinforcing elements are made in the form of scarves or tides; the reinforcing cage is mounted on the conical tip using embedded parts or hooks; the reinforcing cage consists of longitudinal reinforcing bars of a periodic profile, interconnected by transverse bonds (belts) with a certain step; in cross section, the reinforcing cage is triangular; in cross section, the reinforcing cage is made square; in cross section, the reinforcing cage is made rectangular; in cross section, the reinforcing cage is multifaceted; in cross section, the reinforcing cage is made round; in cross section, the reinforcing cage is made square.

The technical result from the use of the invention is to increase the bearing capacity, expand the scope, simplifying production and installation.

Figure 1 presents a drawing of a screw injection pile anchor with a fixed shell: 1A - General view; 1b is a longitudinal section aa; 1c is a transverse section BB; 1g is a transverse section BB; 1e is a longitudinal section of the cone G.

Figure 2 presents a drawing of a screw injection pile anchor with a removable sheath: 2a - General view; 2b is a longitudinal section aa; 2c is a transverse section BB; 2g - transverse section BB; 2d is a longitudinal section of the cone G.

Figure 3 presents a drawing of a screw injection pile anchor with screw winding: 3A - General view; 3b is a longitudinal section aa; 3c is a transverse section BB; 3g is a transverse section BB; 3D - a longitudinal section of the cone G.

Structurally screw injection pile anchor in Fig.1-3 contains:

1 - shell;

2 - conical tip;

3 - screw blade;

4 - injector nozzle;

5 - barbell;

6 - rod tip;

7 - reinforcing cage;

8 - injector;

9 - dowel keys;

10 - keys for installation;

11 - persistent guide washer for fixing the shell;

12 - nut for fixing the shell;

13 - nut for fixing the rod.

The shell 1 is connected to a conical tip 2 provided with a screw blade 3.

In the lower part of the conical tip 2 there is a nozzle of the injector 4.

Rod 5 is installed in the injector 8.

The tip 6 of the rod 5 is installed in the nozzle of the injector 4.

The injector 8 is connected to the nozzle of the injector 4 and the rod 5.

The reinforcement cage 7 is connected to the conical tip 2.

The shell 1, the rod 5 and the injector 8 are made in the form of pipes.

The shell 1 can be made removable and fixed using a thrust guide washer and nut.

Shell 1 can be made with a diameter of 57-1450 mm, a length of 500-100000 mm.

The removable shell 1 can be connected to the conical tip 2, for example, using keys 9 made in the form of protrusions on the inner surface of the shell 1 that engage with reinforcing elements of the connection of the conical tip 2 with the reinforcing cage 7.

Helical blade 3 can be made single.

A single helical blade 3 may be located on the conical tip 2.

A single helical blade 3 may be located on the nozzle of the injector 4.

A single helical blade 3 can be located on the conical tip 3 and on the nozzle of the injector 4.

The screw blade 3 can be made of two screw blades arranged in series one after another.

Two screw blades 3 can be located with a gap between them.

The first screw blade 3 can be located on the nozzle of the injector 4, and the second on the conical tip 3 and the nozzle of the injector 4.

The diameter of the screw blade 3 can be made in the size of 85-3500 mm

The diameter of the screw blade 3 can be made larger than the diameter of the shell by 1.5-2.5 times.

The pitch of the screw blade 3 is 0.15-0.35 of the diameter of the screw blade.

The screw blade 3 can be made in the form of a winding located on the outer generatrix of the pile from the conical tip to 3/4 of the length of the shell.

The nozzle of the injector 4 can be welded to the conical tip.

The inner diameter of the nozzle of the injector 4 can be made in the size of 15-200 mm

The rod 5 can be connected to the injector 8 by means of a threaded connection made in the upper part of the rod 5 and the injector 8, and fixed inside the injector 8 with a nut 13.

At the junction of the reinforcing cage 7 with the conical tip 2, reinforcing elements in the form of scarves or tides can be made.

The reinforcing frame 7 can be fixed on the conical tip 2 using embedded parts or hooks.

The reinforcing cage 7 consists of longitudinal reinforcing bars of a periodic profile, interconnected by transverse bonds (belts) with a certain step.

In cross section, the reinforcing cage 7 can be made, for example, triangular, or square, or rectangular, or polyhedral, or round, or square.

The injector 8 may be connected to the nozzle of the injector 4 by means of a threaded connection.

The injector 8 may be connected to the nozzle of the injector 4 by means of a bayonet coupling.

Screw injection piles-anchors and / or their structural elements can be made of various metals and their alloys, for example, steel, stainless alloys, chemically resistant alloys, as well as polymer or composite materials.

The present invention works as follows.

A screw injection pile-anchor is installed in the ground by wrapping it around the shell 1 using a special key, driven manually by two handles in a rotational movement (length of the hand from 3 m to 7 m), or mechanically using special equipment. The rotation of the key is transmitted to the shell 1 using the keys 10, made in the form of protrusions in the upper part of the shell 1. After screwing the screw injection pile anchor to the design depth, it is turned back 15-20 cm (if necessary), the rod 5 is turned off with a tip 6 from the injector 8, freeing the nozzle of the injector 4, is connected to the nozzle of the injector 8 from a special hose pump, is injected under high pressure up to 3 MPa (30 kg / cm ²⁾ a special composition which is filtered in the ground in the region of the screw blade 3. After pumping Requires direct number of the reinforcing structure, the crane on the injector nozzle 8 is closed, the pump hose is detached and again wrapped pile-screw injection anchor to the previous design elevation, squeezing conical tip 2 of the screw blade at the remaining portion 3 of the reinforcing structure into the ground. To achieve the desired result, this procedure can be performed several times. The pressure on the hardening composition when turning the screw injection pile anchor up to several tons (on piles of large diameters of tens of tons), as a result of which the hardening composition is filtered into soils even with low filtration ability, as well as hydrodynamic compaction of the soil in the area of the screw blade 3. At the end of the installation process of the screw injection pile-anchor, remove the key, turn it out (disconnect) and remove the injector 8 from the pile, fill it (pump it) into the cavity of the shell 1 and its arm tour frame 7 concrete or special composition.

In the case when a screw injection pile with a removable shell 1 is used, the shell 1 is pulled out (removed), a protective casing is inserted from a piece of roofing material, or from a galvanized sheet, or from a thick polymer film, it is poured (pumped) into the cavity formed with 7 concrete reinforcement or special composition. This completes the installation process (installation) of the screw injection piles.

Screw injection piles-anchors of the proposed design can be used on ordinary soils, on soft soils, on flooded soils, in coastal areas of seas, rivers, lakes, etc., in wetlands, on loose soils, in landfills and waste, in the waters of various types of sedimentation tanks, including chemical and radioactive, in seismically hazardous areas.

For rocky, clastic soil and ice, screw injection piles-anchors with a screw blade 3 in the form of a winding are used. When installing them, the primary well is first drilled equal to the diameter of the shell 1. Next, the screw injection pile anchor is installed according to the technology described above.

Screw injection piles-anchors can be screwed (immersed) into the ground to the same depth as other existing types of piles, but this is not necessary, since they have shown their high efficiency even when they are shallow in the ground. Usually screw injection piles-anchors are screwed into the ground to a shallow depth (not more than 2 m), it is enough to wrap the screw blade 10 cm below the freezing depth of the soil in this region. Screw injection piles-anchors do not need to be screwed into the ground “on failure”, i.e. to the extreme moment of soil resistance to screw pile driving (like screw piles).

The bearing capacity of a screw injection pile anchor is regulated in a wide range and depends on the number and type of reinforcing composition pumped into the area of the screw blade and shell, and not on the area of the screw blade and the holding capacity of the soil in the area of the screw blade (as in screw piles).

The implementation of a screw injection pile anchor with removable elements helps to simplify production and installation, reduce costs.

Screw injection piles-anchors combine the advantages of three different types of piles:

- from bored piles - cheap design;

- from screw piles - it is wrapped like a screw pile, but with less torque, i.e. no need to drill a well (with the exception of soils located in permafrost zones, ice);

- from injection piles - increase at times the bearing capacity of soils adjacent to the pile.

Thus, the proposed design of a screw injection pile anchor provides an increase in bearing capacity, expansion of the scope, simplification of production and installation.

Claims (31)

1. A screw injection pile-anchor containing a sheath connected to a conical tip provided with a screw blade, characterized in that an injector nozzle is made in the lower part of the conical tip, the device further comprises a rod with a tip, an injector, a reinforcing cage, the rod being installed in the injector, the tip of the rod is installed in the nozzle of the injector, the injector is connected to the rod and the nozzle of the injector, the reinforcing cage is connected to the conical tip. 2. A screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the shell, injector and rod are made in the form of pipes. 3. The screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the shell is removable and fixed with a thrust guide washer and nut. 4. Screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the shell is made with a diameter of 57-1450 mm, a length of 500-100000 mm 5. A screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 3, characterized in that the shell is connected to the conical tip using dowels made in the form of protrusions on the inner surface of the shell that engage with reinforcing elements of the connection of the conical tip to the reinforcing cage. 6. Screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the screw blade is made single. 7. The screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 6, characterized in that the single screw blade is located on the nozzle of the injector. 8. The screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 6, characterized in that the single screw blade is located on the conical tip. 9. The screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 6, characterized in that the single screw blade is located on the nozzle of the injector and on the conical tip. 10. A screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the screw blade is made of two screw blades arranged in series one after another. 11. A screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 10, characterized in that the two screw blades are located with a gap between them. 12. A screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 10, characterized in that the first screw blade is located on the nozzle of the injector, and the second on the nozzle of the injector and cone. 13. Screw injection pile anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the screw blades is made in the size of 85-3500 mm 14. A screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the screw blade is 1.5-2.5 times greater than the diameter of the sheath. 15. A screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the pitch of the screw blade is 0.15-0.35 of the diameter of the screw blade. 16. The screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the screw blade is made in the form of a winding located along the outer generatrix of the pile from the conical tip to 3/4 of the length of the sheath. 17. The screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the injector nozzle is welded to the conical tip. 18. Screw injection pile anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner diameter of the nozzle of the injector is made in the size of 15-200 mm 19. The screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the rod is connected to the injector by means of a threaded connection made in the upper part of the rod and injector and fixed in it with a nut. 20. The screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the injector is connected to the nozzle of the injector by means of a threaded connection. 21. The screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the injector is connected to the nozzle of the injector by means of a bayonet connection. 22. The screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing cage is welded to the inside of the conical tip. 23. The screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that at the junction of the reinforcing cage with the conical tip, reinforcing elements are made in the form of scarves or tides. 24. The screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing cage is fixed to the conical tip using embedded parts or hooks. 25. A screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing cage consists of longitudinal reinforcing bars of a periodic profile, interconnected by transverse bonds (belts) with a certain step. 26. The screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that in the cross section the reinforcing cage is made triangular. 27. The screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that in the cross section the reinforcing cage is made square. 28. The screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that in the cross section the reinforcing cage is made rectangular. 29. A screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that in the cross section the reinforcing cage is multifaceted. 30. A screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that in the cross section the reinforcing cage is made round. 31. A screw injection pile-anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that in the cross section the reinforcing cage is made square.

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