RU24890U1 - AUTONOMOUS HYDROACOUSTIC OBSERVATION STATION - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Autonomous sonar monitoring station, consisting of a sonar antenna module, an on-board computer module, a device for setting and removing a sonar antenna module, signaling devices for searching for a pop-up sonar antenna module, the sonar antenna module containing N structurally integrated sonar recorders with pre-amplifiers built into them and a power source, and the on-board computing module contains a processing device Information, characterized in that the sonar antenna module contains a common system for all sonar recorders of a single time and an orientation system, the outputs of which are connected to additional inputs of the sonar recorder processors, each sonar recorder is made in the form of series-connected sonar pressure receiver, amplifier with filter, analog -digital converter, processor and storage of digital information, and hydroacoustic register the radiators are located at known points on a given surface, for example, a portion of a sphere, and at distances equal to or less than half the wavelength of the sound wave in the aquatic environment at the upper boundary of the operating frequency range, and the onboard computer module contains a series-connected digital information pickup unit from the storage of the hydroacoustic antenna module, the inputs of which are configured to be connected to N drives, and the directivity characteristics forming unit also contains detectors connected in parallel

Description

The utility model relates to sonar technology, and more specifically, to sonar systems.

Observation of acoustic events in the ocean environment can be carried out using autonomous positional or drifting sonar monitoring stations. Autonomous hydroacoustic monitoring stations perform their functions without the participation of operators, and the current state of the art allows for the collection of information accumulated by them at long intervals. The problem is the choice of the method of accumulation of primary information in a universal form allowing its multi-purpose further application.

The oceanographic buoy stations of the anchor, surface, and drifting types are known (G.O.Berto. Oceanographic buoys. Translation from English - L .: Sudostroenie, 1979. - S. 113-182.), Their designs are very diverse. Common thing is that all of them have floats, remote receiving sensors and a container with electronic equipment, connected by a cable.

Oceanographic buoy stations are not designed to solve the sonar problems of receiving and processing sonar signals when it is necessary to detect weak signals, determine the coordinates of their sources and classify signal sources.

Bottom sonar beacons are known (A.V. Bogorodsky and others. Hydroacoustic technology for research and development of the ocean. -L .: Gidrometeoizdat, 1984.-p.241), containing an anchor, receiving-emitting hydroacoustic antenna and cabled electronic equipment placed in a container .

Bottom beacons are designed to solve particular problems of receiving and re-emitting sonar signals in a narrow frequency range to determine the sonar coordinates of an object for navigational purposes.

The closest in technical construction is the "Autonomous bottom seismic-hydroacoustic station, ADSS (Exhibition prospectus VPII geology and mineral resources of the oceans, 190121, St. Petersburg,

English Ave., 1, All-Russian Research Institute of Oceanology, JSC “Geoacoustics, 103498, Moscow, Zelenograd, Central Ave, building 401, CSDB, JSC“ Geoacoustics).

ADSS contains a seismic-hydroacoustic bottom antenna module made of functionally connected autonomous recorders made of piezoelectric receivers (hydrophones and seismic transducers) with pre-amplifiers built in and electrically connected to them, located in a sealed container, analog magnetic tape recorders, with a power unit, and a seismic the bottom antenna module is equipped with arming and disassembling devices; it also has signaling devices for surfacing of the seismic hydroacoustic bottom antenna module, ADSS also contains an onboard computing module for processing information recorded on magnetic tape on board the vessel. ADSSs have a continuous recording time of up to 10 days, the number of receiving channels is 6, the frequency range is from 1 to 30 Hz, the maximum sea depth in the installation area is 6000 m.

The main disadvantage of the prototype device is that the accumulation of information after preliminary processing is carried out in the form that excludes the possibility of subsequent operational formation of the required directivity characteristics.

The objective of the utility model is to ensure the reception of sonar information in a wide frequency range with the archiving of information after preliminary processing directly in sonar recorders and subsequent delayed processing of this information using a computer on-board module on board the vessel or ashore. This will allow the processing to form directivity characteristics, the axes of which are pointed at the signal source, conduct adaptive processing with the suppression of interfering signals, etc.

To solve this problem, a stand-alone sonar monitoring station, consisting of a sonar antenna module, an onboard computer module, a device for setting and removing a sonar antenna module, signal devices for searching a pop-up sonar antenna module, the sonar antenna module contains N structurally integrated sonar recorders with built-in pre-amplifiers and a power source, and the on-board computing module comprises an information processing device, new features introduced,

namely: the hydroacoustic antenna module contains a common time system for all hydroacoustic recorders and an orientation determination system, the outputs of which are connected to additional inputs of the hydroacoustic recorder processors, each hydroacoustic recorder is made in the form of a series-connected hydroacoustic pressure receiver, an amplifier with a filter, an analog-to-digital converter, processor and storage of digital information, and sonar recorders are located in at fixed points of a given surface, for example, a portion of a sphere, and at distances equal to or less than half the sound wavelength in an aqueous medium at the upper boundary of the operating frequency range, and the on-board computer module contains a series-connected digital information pickup unit from the hydroacoustic antenna module drives, the inputs of which are made with the ability to connect with N drives, and the directivity characteristics forming unit also contains a parallel-connected signal detector, signal classifier ala, the coordinate determiner, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the indicator unit, and the inputs are connected to the output of the directivity characteristics forming unit, also contains a control unit, the clock outputs of which are connected to all blocks of the on-board computing module, also contains a power supply, the outputs of which are connected to all the computing blocks on-board module.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase the efficiency of sonar monitoring by providing the possibility of spatio-temporal adaptation to sonar signals, providing a given probability of correct detection, accuracy of coordinates and the probability of correct classification by delayed airborne (coastal) processing, in which there are computing resources for optimal adaptive processing.

Let us explain the possibility of achieving the indicated result.

Delayed processing of the stream of primary data allows us to generate not only a single radiation pattern, but also a whole fan of diagrams, with the aim of performing spatial detection of acoustic events throughout the volume of space. Only deferred processing makes it possible to solve the problem of determining all parameters of signals under conditions of removing time constraints, and hence the limitations regarding computing resources.

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We will evaluate the capabilities of modern drives to demonstrate the feasibility of the system. Let the range of received frequencies be 5 - 7000 Hz. Here, the lower limit of the received frequencies is determined by the spectral composition of the signal and the requirement of maximum range by observing acoustic events. At low frequencies, there is little loss in signal propagation. In information technology, the lower cutoff frequency determines the minimum data block size — the minimum duration of the analysis era. Cutting the primary data stream into blocks shorter than the period of the lower cutoff frequency will lead to fatal loss of information during its further processing. In these conditions:

Tmin I / fn. (1)

If n is 5 Hz, then, Tmin 0.2 s.

The upper cutoff frequency, with its rational choice, can increase the accuracy of determining the parameters of the signals, and hence the accuracy of determining the spatial coordinates of the source. However, the energy loss during propagation at high frequencies is proportional to the degree of 3/2 of the frequency. It is very important that the upper cutoff frequency is directly related to the frequency of signal conversion when representing it in discrete form. In accordance with the sampling theorem, the conversion frequency must be at least twice the upper cutoff frequency of the range. This factor determines the minimum amount of information needed to register the primary data stream per unit time in bits. In accordance with the sampling theorem in the time domain, the frequency of transformations should be:

fnp (+ 1.) (2)

If at 7,000 Hz, then condition (2) will be satisfied with a certain

stock frequency fnp 16000Hz.

Typical A / D converters represent each sample in four bytes. In this case, the stream of primary data at a sampling frequency of 16 kHz, in quantitative terms, will be - 64 kB / s. Deferred processing will allow you to accumulate arrays in a compressed, archival form. Multiplicity

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compression for typical archiving systems is about 4. This means that drives will have to fix 64/4 16 kbytes / sec. The capacity of modern commercial hard disk drives (HDD) is 40 GB. Such a hard drive will allow you to have a ring stack of 40 GB / 16 kbytes 2,500,000 sec, which corresponds to 694 hours, or more than 28 days. At the same time, reading even the largest disk to carry out deferred processing will require only about 15 minutes. The dimensions of the HDD with a capacity of 40 GB do not exceed 100x180x35 mm.

To realize the possibility of deciphering the accumulated information, in particular, constructing radiation patterns, detecting and classifying events, the central processor must ensure the synchronization of the beginning of epochs in the time domain at each of the peripheral receiving devices. This is important, in particular, when forming radiation patterns. To ensure the stability of radiation patterns, random errors in the beginnings of eras should not exceed 0.01 of the period of the highest frequency of the range.

At 0.01 / b (3)

For at 7000Hz, At 0.01 / 7000 1.43 ISS.

When using the IEEE 1394 bus in the sonar autonomous system, the signal is exchanged at frequencies of about 10 MB / s. This allows you to provide the necessary accuracy of synchronization of the beginning of the epochs of receiver analysis with an accuracy of at least 1 / (10 MB / s) 0.1 μs.

Information acquisition, which is carried out every 10-20 days, will require a certain amount of time and the use of high-speed information channels. Reading information from a hard magnetic disk with a UDMA interface can be performed at a speed of 50 MB / s. In one hour, thus, 3600x50 180 GB can be read. Then a drive with a capacity of 40 GB will be read in 60x (40/180) - 13.3 minutes. If fiber-optic cables are used to communicate the hydroacoustic antenna module with the on-board computer module at the time of data reception, then information accumulated on all 20-60 hydroacoustic recorders can be transferred over the same time interval.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by figures 1,2 and 3. Figure 1 shows a block diagram of an autonomous sonar monitoring station. Figure 2 shows

block diagram of a sonar recorder. In Fig. 3, a block diagram of a computer-based information processing module is shown.

Autonomous sonar monitoring station (figure 1) consists of a sonar antenna module 1, containing functionally coupled sonar recorders 2 forming a sonar antenna. The shape of the antenna is determined by the specific problem being solved. In this example, the recorders can be placed at points on the surface of the spherical segment at distances allowed by the design of the recorders, but equal to or less than half the wavelength of the sound wave in the aquatic environment at the upper boundary of the operating frequency range. It also consists of an on-board computing module 3 for processing information, a device 4 for setting and removing a sonar antenna module, a signal device 5 for searching for a pop-up sonar antenna module. The hydroacoustic recorder (figure 2) contains in series: a hydroacoustic pressure receiver 6, an amplifier with a filter 7, an analog-to-digital converter 8, a processor 9, a digital information storage device 10. All hydroacoustic recorders receive signals from a single time system 11. Each processor receives the signals of a single orientation system of the hydroacoustic antenna module 12. Power source devices hydroacoustic antenna module provides a source 13.

The on-board computing information processing module (Fig. H) installed on a special vessel contains a series-connected digital information pickup unit from drives 14 and a directivity characteristics forming unit 15, also contains a parallel-connected signal detector 16, signal classifier 17, signal source coordinate determiner 18 the inputs of which are connected to the block 15, and the signal outputs of the detector, classifier and determinant of coordinates are connected to the indicator 19. The control unit 20 is connected to the block 14 information retrieval unit 15 forming the directivity characteristics, the detector 16, the signal classifier 17, the determinant 18 coordinates and the indicator 19 through the control inputs of these blocks. All devices are powered by source 21.

2 recorders are usually performed of a cylindrical type of power structure (A.V. Bogorodsky and others. Hydroacoustic technology for research and development of the ocean. -L.: Gidrometeoizdat, 1984.- p.176-195). Hydroacoustic antennas are described in the mentioned book on p. 198-205. The construction of hydroacoustic detectors, classifiers, and coordinate determinants is described, for example, in the book of A.P. Evtyutov and other Reference books on hydroacoustic. -L.: Shipbuilding, 1998.-552s.

The work of the autonomous sonar monitoring station is as follows. The hydro-acoustic antenna module 1, together with the arm and disarm device 4 and the signal device for searching for the pop-up hydro-acoustic antenna module 5, is lowered by means of a winch overboard the ship to the bottom of the sea or to a predetermined depth at anchor. After positioning the hydro-acoustic antenna module 1, the hydro-acoustic recorders 2 using acoustic elements 6 receive acoustic signals and convert them into electrical voltage, which is amplified in amplifier 7 with a band-pass filter limiting the lower and upper operating frequencies, is converted into a numerical sequence using analog-digital converter 8, a discrete Fourier transform is performed in the processor 9. Each era of analysis is supplied with signals from a single time system. No signs of orientation of the orientation determination system 12. Using processor 9, information blocks are subjected to information compression. In archived form, information is accumulated by drive 10.

Upon completion of the work of the autonomous sonar monitoring station, at the command of the control system of the device 4 for removing the sonar antenna module 1, the anchor is retrieved using a disconnector, for example, consisting of an electromagnetic drive that actuates the spring booster mechanism, which, in turn, acts on the ball a lock connecting both parts of the circuit breaker.

A pop-up sonar antenna module is found by using a signal device 5 with a radar search transponder and a flashing light, connected to the on-board information processing module 3. The on-board information processing module 3, using the information pickup unit 14, reads digital information from the drives 10. Next, processing is performed information consisting in the formation of characteristics

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directivity in block 15, in the search and detection of signals in block 16, in the classification in block 17 and in the determination of coordinates in block 18. Data about the signal is displayed on indicator 19.

The result of the utility model is the possibility of accumulating information in the form of allowing, in the mode of delayed airborne (coastal) processing, to conduct an exhaustive analysis of hydroacoustic events in the spatio-temporal and frequency domain accessible to observation.

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Claims (3)

1. Autonomous sonar monitoring station, consisting of a sonar antenna module, an on-board computer module, a device for setting and removing a sonar antenna module, signaling devices for searching for a pop-up sonar antenna module, the sonar antenna module containing N structurally integrated sonar recorders with pre-amplifiers built into them and a power source, and the on-board computing module contains a processing device Information, characterized in that the sonar antenna module contains a common system for all sonar recorders of a single time and an orientation system, the outputs of which are connected to additional inputs of the sonar recorder processors, each sonar recorder is made in the form of series-connected sonar pressure receiver, amplifier with filter, analog -digital converter, processor and storage of digital information, and hydroacoustic register the radiators are located at known points on a given surface, for example, a portion of a sphere, and at distances equal to or less than half the wavelength of the sound wave in the aquatic environment at the upper boundary of the operating frequency range, and the onboard computer module contains a series-connected digital information pickup unit from the storage of the hydroacoustic antenna module, the inputs of which are configured to be connected to N drives, and the directivity characteristics forming unit also contains detectors connected in parallel a signal, a signal classifier, a determinant of coordinates, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the indicator unit, and the inputs are connected to the output of the directivity characteristics forming unit, also contains a control unit, the clock outputs of which are connected to all blocks of the on-board computing module, also contains a power supply, the outputs of which are connected to all blocks of the computing on-board module.  2. Autonomous sonar monitoring station according to claim 1, characterized in that the sonar recorder is made in the form of a hollow piezoceramic cylinder, sealed along the end flanges, in the inner cavity of which the blocks included in its composition are placed. 3. Autonomous sonar monitoring station according to claim 1, characterized in that to increase the efficiency of searching for a sonar antenna module, the device for placing and removing the sonar antenna module from the bottom of the sea contains mechanically connected floats, an anchor, and also contains a sonar connected anchor release switch and a sonar device opening commands, also contains a responder beacon for searching for a hydroacoustic antenna module at the bottom, and signaling devices for finding a surfaced hydro the acoustic antenna module contains a radar search transponder and a flashing light source.