RU2488802C2 - Automatic sampling device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: device is provided with a high post with an elevating mechanism in form of an endless tape mounted on a driving drum and a tension drum, and has samplers mounted on the post. The samplers are in form of sealed packets of polymer film connected with controlled pneumatic pumps through two-position air valves. The device further includes a control unit which controls the beginning and the duration of sample collection, and operating modes of the controlled pneumatic pumps.

EFFECT: providing prolonged sample integrity in laboratory conditions for subsequent analysis, high reliability and mobility of the device.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of assessing the level of pollution of atmospheric air and can be used to create techniques for remote automatic sampling of air in the surface layer of the atmosphere to assess the content of pollutants and the dynamics of their distribution in areas adjacent to land-based stationary and mobile sources of environmental pollution.

Known for the totality of features is a device for sampling air in the surface layer of the atmosphere, consisting of a high-rise rack with a lifting mechanism in the form of an endless belt mounted on a drive and tension drums, containing samplers mounted on the rack and a fluid drainage system communicated through locking control equipment with samplers and storage tank. In the samplers, pistons with floats are installed, which, when draining the liquid through the liquid drainage system, are lowered into the storage tank, while air is sucked into the cavity above the pistons through the conical sockets. At the extreme lower position of the piston in the housing, the bell is closed by a plug (see, for example, RF patent No. 2199103 C1, IPC G01N 1/22, G01N 1/24).

However, this device does not provide long-term storage of the sample for subsequent analysis in laboratory conditions, it requires an operator to start the sampling process, a long time for deployment, and low structural reliability.

The technical result of the invention is the use of samplers capable of storing the selected sample for a long time for subsequent analysis in the laboratory, autonomy, increasing the reliability of the design and reducing the time for deployment of the device.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for automatic sampling, equipped with a high rack with a lifting mechanism in the form of an endless tape mounted on a drive and tension drums mounted on a rack, the samplers are made of plastic film bags connected to adjustable air pumps through on-off bypass pumps air valves, the sampling process is controlled by setting the start time, the duration of sampling and the operating mode s pneumatic pump in the programmable control unit.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that when filling a sealed bag from a polymer film, the molecules of gases contained in the sample are adsorbed onto the film surface with the formation of a monomolecular layer of the absorbed substance, which prevents further loss of the sample taken. When using such packages as sample delivery devices, the reliability of information transfer during a sample storage time of up to 24 hours lies within (90 ± 5)%.

As polymer materials for the manufacture of samplers can be:

- ftoroplastovy films of the F-4MB and F-26 brands;

- duplicated PET-polyethylene film (PET-PE);

- multilayer film PE-A - cellophane (PE-A-C).

The general requirements uniting these polymer films are elasticity, mechanical strength, thermoplasticity, and weather resistance.

The proposed samplers can be made in the form of sealed bags of polymer film with a fitting soldered into them. The connection of the sampler with the air valve can be carried out by means of a silicone adapter.

The proposed samplers from a polymer film can be made by welding using the M6-AP-2S installation using the thermal method with a maximum heating temperature of 180 ° C (see, for example, S.V. Timakov "Concerning the creation of sample delivery devices for monitoring atmospheric pollution with using automatic gas analyzers ". Proceedings of the TRP Issue No. 492, 1984 - 149 s). An industrial sampling bag of the type PP-1-5.0 can also be used.

Figure 1 shows the design of a device for automatic sampling in the surface layer of the atmosphere; figure 2 is the same, in the case of supplying a sampled air to the gas analysis device, where indicated:

1 - sealed bag of polymer film; 2 - two-position air valve; 3 - adjustable air pump; 4. - conical bell; 5 - programmable control unit; 6 - air intake adapter; 7 - gas analyzer.

A sealed bag of polymer film 1 is intended for storage and delivery of the selected sample. The two-position air valve 2 is designed in the "intake" mode for filling an air sample and sealing a package of polymer film, in the "exhaust" mode for supplying a selected sample to a gas analyzer. Adjustable air pump 3 is designed to fill a sealed bag of polymer film 1 with an air sample with a given capacity, as well as supplying a sample to a gas analyzer 7. Programmable control unit 5 is used to set the start time, duration of sampling, performance and operating mode of adjustable air pumps and formation signals that control their work (can be performed on the basis of a microprocessor). The air intake adapter is designed to connect the sampler to the gas analyzer 7.

A device for automatic sampling works as follows.

The high rack with samplers mounted on it is installed on the ground. By means of a lifting mechanism in the form of an endless tape mounted on the drive and tension drums, the samplers raise the sampling height of atmospheric air to a certain operator.

Before starting work in programmable control unit 5, the start time and duration of air sampling, as well as the performance of adjustable air pumps 3, are set.

At a point in time set by the operator, the programmable control unit 5 generates a signal to turn on the adjustable air pumps 1, which, through the on-off air valves 2, switched to the "intake" mode, fill the air sample with sealed packages of polymer film 1 with the selected capacity. At the end of the sampling time, the programmable control unit 5 generates a signal to turn off the adjustable air pumps 1. This means that the sampling is simultaneously at different levels from the ground surface.

The content of impurities in the air of each sample is measured by connecting the sampler selected for analysis to the programmable control unit 5 and setting the reverse mode and operating time of the adjustable air pump 3 in it, corresponding to the type of gas analyzer 7. Instead of a conical socket 4, an air intake adapter 6 is connected to the adjustable air pump 3 from the gas analyzing device 7, while the on-off air valve 2 is transferred to the position of "exhaust".

In the case when it is necessary to deliver the selected sample to the laboratory, a sealed bag of polymer film 1 with a two-position air valve 2 is removed from the sampler.

In the laboratory, access to the air sample is carried out by connecting the air intake adapter 6 from the gas analyzer 7 to the on-off air valve 3 and putting it in the outlet position. The supply of the sampled air to the gas analysis device 7 can be either forced (by pressing on the package), or using the pumps of the gas analysis devices.

Thus, this design of the device provides long-term storage of the sample with the possibility of its subsequent analysis in the laboratory, has a higher reliability of the design and requires less time for deployment.

Claims (1)

A device for automatic sampling in the atmospheric surface layer, equipped with a high rack with a lifting mechanism in the form of an endless tape mounted on a drive and tension drums, containing samplers mounted on a rack, characterized in that the samplers are made in the form of sealed packages of polymer film connected with adjustable air pumps through on-off air valves, an additional control unit has been introduced that controls the beginning and duration of sampling, and also operating modes of adjustable air pumps.

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