RU2484416C2 - Bullet - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: bullet comprises a sphere-shaped ledge. The ledge is arranged on the flat bottom of the tail part of the shell and on the tail part of the core adjacent to the shell. The core is fixed by an intermediate part and a shell. The balls of the monolithic body are made as capable of transfer into ball-to-ball spaces. The head ball is additionally made as capable of transfer into a fairing.

EFFECT: increased dynamic stability of a bullet in flight.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The bullet is designed for small arms ammunition, in particular for rifled firearms cartridges.

In Germany in 1881, Krupp was the first to collect and organize data on the effect of air resistance on flight and bullet displacement, depending on its size, in the form that remains to this day.

The common form of a bullet of a Russian combat cartridge is pointed - the so-called ogive form. It consists of a head, directing cylindrical rectilinear and tail (bottom), or cylindrical, or in the form of a truncated cone of parts. The bottom section (end of the tail) of such a bullet is flat.

Bullets of foreign manufacturers are very diverse in shape. For example, at the head of the bullet cartridge. 357 Magnum line forming the reverse envelope (reverse ogive). Part of the profile of the high-speed monolithic bullet THV (tres haute vitesse) is also the inverse envelope. Such a profile provides a greater stopping effect - without deep penetration.

Bullet forms are given on pages (94 ÷ 97) [1].

Pages 107, 108 [1] provide information on the use by Barnes of molybdenum disulfide and polymer coatings on bullets. These types of coatings reduce intra-barrel pressure, and increase the speed of a bullet - especially for a bullet of the XLC brand (at maximum pressure).

An animated bullet is characterized by dynamic flight instability, which is created by a tipping moment of two forces: the resulting aerodynamic drag forces of the air and the weight of the bullet. Moreover, the resulting one is applied closer to the nose of the bullet, and the center of gravity (center of mass) is further.

The value of the tipping moment can be reduced both by reducing the shoulder of the application of the resulting aerodynamic forces - the distance between the center of pressure and the center of gravity, and by reducing the value of the resulting aerodynamic forces.

The shoulder decreases if the center of gravity is moved towards the nose of the bullet.

In the pool entrance, the position of the bullet in the space with which it approaches the threaded part of the barrel is determined. In this area, the tail of the bullet moves in the barrel of the cartridge. Therefore, the spatial angle with which the bullet enters the threaded part of the barrel depends on the occupied position of the cartridge in the chamber — it happens that the bullet "goes obliquely along the rifling".

In addition, the result of the movement of the bullet in the initial section of the threaded portion of the barrel channel is the production of multi-start (four-way) threads with a non-standard large pitch and low profile height - by some analogy with mechanical engineering technology.

But the thread in mechanical engineering is cut either by rotating the bolt (stud) - when the handle (cutter) moves along the axis of the pin, or vice versa - the handle is rotated and moves along the axis, and the pin is stationary.

The hairpin is the bullet, and the lerka is the barrel. But according to the existing "weapon technology" the bullet is not cranked, but is pressed through by powder gases acting on the tail end, creating a twisting (springing) moment in the barrel.

Due to the non-perpendicularity of the end face of the bullet to its axis, the powder gases provide yawing of the bullet in the barrel channel, and the specifics of the “weapon technology” of threading the bullet increases the disturbance with which the bullet leaves the barrel.

A known bullet according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2075035, characterized by a smooth transition of the leading cylindrical part to the tail part in the form of a truncated cone.

The prototype is the shape of the bullet cartridge according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2289778. This bullet has one thing in common with the invention - a sphere-shaped protrusion on the flat end of the tail of the bullet.

The present invention increases the dynamic stability of the bullet.

The result is achieved in that in a pool containing a sphere-shaped protrusion both on the flat bottom of the tail of the shell with its transition into the guide and head parts, and on the tail of the core adjacent to the shell, fixed by both the intermediate part and the shell, is new, that the balls of the monolithic body of the optimal aerodynamic profile are made with the possibility of transition into inter-spherical volumes, and the head ball is additionally made with the possibility of transition into the fairing.

Dynamic flight stability is also achieved by the fact that the diameter of the head ball is equal to the caliber, and the diameters of the middle and tail balls are made in the range between the size of the barrel in rifling and in fields. The head ball provides centering of the bullet in the fields - even before the start of cutting the middle and tail balls into the fields. In diameter, the middle ball can be made larger than the diameter of the head and tail balls. It may be the implementation of the diameter of the middle in the interval between the head and tail - the largest in diameter. The stepwise diameters and spherical shape provide a smooth increase in the cutting force of the bullet metal by the fields of the barrel.

The reduction of perturbations of the resulting bullet in the barrel is achieved by the fact that profiled grooves are made on the tail ball of the bullet with the possibility of its rotation by powder gases. Now the bullet is not only pressed through the powder gases through the barrel, but also twisted by them - by analogy with threading in mechanical engineering. These grooves also reduce the weight of the tail of the bullet, i.e. shift the center of gravity (center of mass) of the bullet to the nose of the bullet, thereby increasing the dynamic stability of the bullet.

Figure 1 is a three-dimensional image of a bullet on a plane. The bullet nose fairing is made in the form of a cone with a generatrix of the inverse curvature.

The fairing is made on the head ball, with which the bullet is centered on the fields of the barrel.

The transition volume between the head and middle balls is made in the form of a truncated cone. Moreover, the transition from the larger diameter of the cone is made into the head ball, and from the smaller diameter to the middle one. This form of transitional volume shifts the center of mass (center of gravity) of the bullet towards the nose of the bullet, providing greater dynamic stability of the bullet.

The narrowing of the middle part of the bullet improves the aerodynamics of the bullet.

The sleeve of the sleeve is pressed into the annular groove {cannelure}, which is formed in the transitional volume between the middle and tail balls. This groove also serves to collect the metal of the bullet, which is formed when the middle ball is cut off by the fields of the barrel. This design technique reduces barrel wear.

The bullet in the sleeve of the sleeve is centered by both the middle and the tail balls, and the latter has profiled grooves made at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the bullet.

LITERATURE

1. Trofimov VM, Trofimov AV, "Modern hunting ammunition for rifled weapons. Cartridges, gunpowder, capsules, bullets, cartridges, ballistic elements. Reference book. M:" Publishing House Ruchenkin ", 2003, 352 p. .

Claims (2)

1. A bullet containing a sphere-shaped protrusion both on the flat bottom of the tail of the shell with its transition into the guide and the head, and on the tail of the core adjacent to the shell, fixed by both the intermediate part and the shell, characterized in that the balls of the monolithic body are made with the possibility of transition into inter-spherical volumes, and the head ball is additionally made with the possibility of transition to the fairing. 2. The bullet according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the head ball is equal to the caliber, and the diameters of the middle and tail balls are made in the range between the size of the barrel in rifling and in fields.