RU2484334C1 - Motion converter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device has end plate fitted on shaft with working elements equidistance from its axis to interact with guide cylinder end grooves. Guide cylinder is arranged to revolve relative to said end plate and off-center with respect thereto. Working elements are composed of three rollers arranged at equal angles in circle of diameter equal to two eccentricities of axes of end plate and cylinder. Said hollow cylinder is arranged in housing guide groove to revolve therein and has inner radial grooves, their number is two times larger than that of rollers. End plate revolving rollers have surfaces interacting with cylinder grooves are made from elastic material. Device may have two face end plates supporting roller ends arranged in opposition at coaxial shafts on both sides of guide cylinder provided with through end grooves.

EFFECT: simplified design and higher reliability.

4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, and in particular to mechanisms that convert rotational motion into reciprocating and vice versa, and can be used in various fields of technology.

Known gear-planetary gear mechanism with a periodically variable output link speed (II Artobolevsky. Mechanisms in modern technology, M., Science, 1980, v. 4, p. 153, Fig. 2316).

The known mechanism comprises a carrier that rotates around a fixed axis and is included in rotational pairs with satellites that move along a stationary gear wheel. On the axes of the satellites on the other side of the carrier, levers are rigidly fixed, at the ends of which rollers rotate, the centers of which describe the paths in the form of an epicycloid when the rollers slip in the grooves of the working body, made in the form of a disk.

A sufficiently complex mechanism is designed to convert rotational motion into reciprocating and has limited use, because does not provide a reverse stroke.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a prototype device for converting motion according to the patent for utility model RU 59181 “Device for converting motion”. Date of submission June 20, 2006, published December 10, 2006

The prototype device comprises an end face plate located on the shaft with working elements equidistant from its axis in the form of freely rotating working plates, which are connected to a guide cylinder mounted for rotation and eccentric relative to the axis of the face plate. Moreover, in the guide cylinder there are end diametrical grooves, which are made through from the side of the faceplate and muffled from the opposite end of the cylinder. The grooves of the cylinder are designed to freely move the working plates in them and give them movement along the epicycloid when the faceplate rotates. The eccentricity of the axis of rotation of the working plates is equal to the eccentricity of the axis of rotation of the guide cylinder relative to the axis of the faceplate.

The disadvantages of the prototype due to the fact that the device has limited use and low efficiency, because can only work at low pressures due to the limited number of plates that can fit in the diametric grooves of the guide cylinder, and the presence of an increased shoulder of the plates, which entails a multiple increase in torque on the shaft of the faceplate. The design has the problem of lubricating the plates in the guide grooves, which is necessary to prevent them from jamming in the grooves of the cylinder. Therefore, additional tools and seals are required that complicate the device and reduce its reliability. In addition, it is quite difficult to make a faceplate with this arrangement of plates and “fit” them under the diametrical grooves of the guide cylinder to prevent runout. Due to its low efficiency, the prototype has a narrow field of practical application and can be used as actuators for raking wheels, low-pressure booster pumps, and low-power hydraulic motor drives, but is unacceptable for high-pressure volume displacement machines.

The technical result to which the invention is directed is the creation of a simple and reliable fundamentally new device that provides increased efficiency and the expansion of the field of practical application.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for converting movement, including an end face plate placed on the shaft with working elements equally spaced from its axis, mounted to interact with end faces of a guide cylinder mounted rotatably and eccentrically relative to the face axis of the invention, according to the invention the elements are made in the form of at least three rollers whose axes are placed at equal angles around a circle having a diameter equal to two e to the center axes of the faceplate and cylinder that are installed in the housing. Moreover, the cylinder is mounted in the guide groove of the housing with the possibility of rotation relative to it and is made hollow, has internal radially located grooves, the number of which is twice the number of rollers.

The specified set of features with the simplicity and reliability of the design provides it with an increase in efficiency and expansion of the field of practical application in comparison with the prototype.

In addition, the following features are aimed at achieving the same technical result. For a smooth ride, reduce runout and pulsations, the rollers in the faceplate can be mounted rotatably, and their working surfaces interacting with the grooves of the cylinder are made of an elastic material, such as polymer, rubber or rubber. To reduce torque, the device may have two end ends of the roller bearing end plates, which are mounted in the housing opposite on the coaxial shafts at both ends of the guide cylinder, which has end-to-end end slots along the entire length.

The faceplate shaft can be master and follower. The device allows you to convert the rotational movement of the shaft of the faceplate into the reciprocating motion of the rollers along the grooves of the guide cylinder and its rotational movement with half the speed than the speed of the shaft of the faceplate. Conversely, the reciprocating motion of the rollers along the grooves of the guide cylinder is converted into rotational movements of the faceplate shaft and the guide cylinder with a twofold difference in their speeds.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where

Figure 1 is a General view of the device in longitudinal section;

Figure 2 is the same in cross section;

Figure 3 - the trajectory of the roller.

The device for converting movement has a housing 1 in which a hollow guide cylinder 2 and end face plates 3 and 4 are mounted eccentrically with rotation, located opposite each other on coaxial shafts 5 and 6. Four rollers 7 are mounted in the face plates 3 and 4 for rotation the axes of which are located at equal angles (90 °) around a circle having a diameter equal to the two eccentricities of the axes of the faceplates 3, 4 and cylinder 2. In the guide cylinder 2 there are eight through internal radially placed grooves 8 for freedom movement of the rollers 7 having a rubberized working surface.

The operation of the device is confirmed by an example of a specific implementation of the device with two end face plates carrying four rollers, and is carried out as follows.

From an external drive (not shown), the rotation is transmitted to the shaft 5 with the faceplate 3 and to the faceplate 4 through rollers 7, which, rotating on their axes, rotate the guide cylinder 2 by internal gearing and make a reciprocating movement in its grooves 8. For two the rotation of the shaft 5, the cylinder makes one revolution, and in constant contact with the grooves 8 are three rollers 7, the translational movement of each of which along the groove of the cylinder occurs from the point of entry of the roller into the groove, through the top dead center to the point of exit of the roller from the groove.

The inverse transformation of the reciprocating motion into rotational motion is carried out when an external drive (not shown) acts on the rollers 7, which, moving along the grooves 8 of the guide cylinder 2, rotate the faceplates 3 and 4 with the shaft 5 and cylinder 2 with the ratio of their speeds 2: one.

The trajectory of the roller (figure 3) is as follows.

Point P (roller), rotating at a speed W2 around a circle O2 inscribed in the radius of a circle O1, performs translational motion on a straight line A10-A11, rotating around point O1, and evenly approaches and moves along it from the points of the circle O1 during rotation. When moving along an arc O2, point P from point O1 approaches the circle O1 from position A10-A11 through position A20-A21 to TDC (top dead center). Further, when moving from TDC, point P is removed from the points of the generatrix of the circle O1 sequentially through the positions B20-B21, B10-B11 to the point O2. The angular velocity W1 of rotation of the projections of the points of the straight line A10, A20, B20, B10 on the circle O2 is two times higher than the angular velocity W2 of the projections of the points A11, A21, B21 and B11.

When using a motion conversion device, for example, in volume displacement machines, the compression (injection) zone of the working medium is the zone inside the groove from the point where the roller enters the groove to the top dead center of the roller in the groove, the rarefaction (suction) zone is the zone inside the groove from the top dead center roller in the groove to the point of exit of the roller from the groove, and the idle zone is the zone from the point of exit of the roller from the groove to the point where the roller enters the groove. In this case, the guide cylinder acts as the rotor, and inlet and outlet openings communicating with the groove channels are made in the device casing. In pumps and compressors, the faceplate shaft performs the function of the leading link, and in hydraulic / pneumatic motors, the slave. The use of the claimed device will significantly increase the efficiency of machines and their working volume with a significant reduction in size.

A fundamentally new, simple and reliable design of a motion conversion device, which significantly increases its efficiency, will find wide application in mechanical engineering of various sectors of the national economy, and will reduce material and financial costs for manufacturing and operation.

Claims (4)

1. A device for converting movement, comprising an end face plate placed on the shaft with work elements equidistant from its axis, mounted to interact with end slots of the guide cylinder, mounted for rotation and eccentric relative to the axis of the face plate, characterized in that the working elements are made in the form at least three rollers, the axes of which are placed at equal angles around a circle having a diameter equal to two eccentricities of the axes of the faceplate and cylinder, are placed in the housing, wherein the cylinder is mounted in the guide groove and the body is hollow with internal radially-spaced grooves, whose number is twice the number of rollers. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rollers are mounted in the faceplate with the possibility of rotation. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the free ends of the rollers are installed in another end faceplate located in the housing on the coaxial shaft opposite the end faceplate, while the grooves of the cylinder are made through. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the working surfaces of the rollers are made of elastic material.

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