RU2483969C1 - Dismountable lifting pontoon - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ship building, in particular, to facilities for submerged objects lifting. Dismountable lifting pontoon comprises body performed in the form of toroidal inflatable sheaths installed on watertight pipe at ends and along length of which inserts-beads are fixed. Ends of pipe are covered with lids provided with pontoon lifting and towing components, as well as pontoon longitudinal lashing and launching components. Purge system is made in the form of air chest mounted on one of the lids, with pipelines passing inside pipe to supply air to each sheath. Components of yoke suspension are installed on inserts-beads, and utmost inserts-beads are additionally equipped with pontoon transversal lashing components.

EFFECT: higher reliability and technological effectiveness of lifting pontoons use during lifting of submerged objects.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to technical means of ship lifting, in particular to pontoons used when performing work on lifting sunken objects.

Rigid ship-lifting pontoons are known, the design of which comprises a hull divided into compartments, an air box, flooding systems, blowdowns and pontoon suspensions, lifting, lashing and towing units, see, for example, Specialist Directory of the Naval Forces of Naval Forces, M., Military Publishing House, 1963, T. 4, p. 122-132.

These pontoons with a large carrying capacity have considerable weight and constant dimensions. Their relative load capacity (the ratio of load capacity to mass) is in the range of 3.0-4.5. This complicates the work with pontoons when lifting sunken objects and limits the possibility of their delivery to the area of work (only towing afloat or transportation on ships in the presence of large-capacity floating cranes in the area of work).

Ship-lifting pontoons are known, the design of which includes a housing made in the form of a single-compartment inflatable cylindrical shell, a reinforcing belt extending along the contour of the shell in the diametrical plane, a purge system, pontoon lifting units, a suspension system consisting of rods mounted on a reinforcement belt, and slings, fixed at one end in the eyebrows and the other end in brackets, see, for example, MSP-5 and MSP-10, described in the Specialist Directory of the Navy, M., Military Publishing House, 1963, v.4, pp. 132-135.

The relative load capacity (load-to-weight ratio) of these ship-lifting pontoons is in the range of 53.0-80.0. However, they have low reliability of the design, especially the suspension system, associated with the uneven load on the slings that occurs when the pontoon is pointed. As a result of this, the eyebrows are pulled out of the gain belt and the pontoon breaks down. The execution of the body of the pontoons in the form of a single compartment shell in contact with the protruding parts of the body of the sunken object often leads to the failure of the shell and, as a consequence, to the failure of the entire pontoon. For this reason, when lifting sunken objects, the MSP-5 and MSP-10 pontoons are used only by a hinged point, which reduces the area of their use. All this, together with a small carrying capacity (up to 10 tf), limits the use of soft ship-lifting pontoons when lifting sunken objects.

A ship-lifting pontoon is known, the design of which comprises a body made in the form of a single-compartment inflatable shell, a purge system of the shell, pontoon lifting units, a suspension system made in the form of slings enveloping the shell and embedded in guides mounted on the outer side of the shell, the ends of the slings being connected together bracket and mounted on the traverse, which is equipped with attachment points for lifting slings at the bottom, selected as a prototype, see, for example, the ship-lifting pontoon from JWAutomarine (Great Britain), issue available in accordance with the international standard EN ISO 9001.2000 (website www.jwautomarine.co.uk ).

The design of the pontoons provides an increase in load capacity up to 45 tf at a relative load capacity (load-to-weight ratio) of approximately 100.0. Thanks to the traverse, the pontoon suspension system provides a uniform load on the slings, and securing the slings to the girth of the shell eliminates the need to install eyebolts, which were the weak link of the MSP-5 and MSP-10 pontoons. However, despite the obvious advantages of the JWAutomarine pontoon suspension system compared to the MSP-5 and MSP-10 pontoon suspension systems, this suspension system requires that the length of the lifting slings at the edge of the pontoon at the side of the sunken ship be determined with a high degree of accuracy, which practice is very difficult to implement. In addition, due to the difference in the height of the sides of the various vessels to be lifted, the static relative position of the hull and the beam can not always allow the pontoon to be pulled off the side of the sunken ship to the required height to ensure that the ship is brought to the surface. The pontoon under consideration with a traverse also has inherent disadvantages of the pontoons MSP-5 and MSP-10 associated with a single-compartment design of the hull. The large dimensions of the shell when it is purged cause significant differences in internal pressure, which affects the reliability and depth of use of the pontoon.

The objective of the invention is to increase the reliability and manufacturability of the use of ship-lifting pontoons when lifting sunken objects.

The problem is solved in that in the well-known ship-lifting pontoon, the structure of which comprises a hull, a purge system, pontoon lifting and towing units, a yoke, a traverse suspension system, the hull is made in the form of mountainous inflatable shells mounted on a permeable pipe, at the ends and along the length of which are fixed tide inserts, while the ends of the pipe are closed with covers provided with nodes for lifting and towing the pontoon, as well as nodes for longitudinal lashing and lowering the pontoon, the purge system is made in the form of air distribution box mounted on one of them covers, with an air supply conduits to each shell, extending inside the tube, the nodes suspension crosspiece mounted in insets-tide and ebb-extreme inserts are additionally provided with transverse lashing nodes pontoon.

New distinctive features of the proposed collapsible ship-lifting pontoon are:

- the execution of its body in the form of mountainous inflatable shells mounted on a permeable pipe;

- the presence at the ends of the pipe and along its length of the tide inserts with suspension nodes of the traverse and nodes of the transverse winding of the pontoon on the end inserts of the tides;

- the presence of caps on the ends of the pipe, equipped with nodes of longitudinal lashing, lowering and lifting the pontoon;

- the presence on one of the covers of the air distribution box with pipelines for supplying air to each shell laid inside the pipe.

The design of the pontoon body in the form of toroidal inflated shells in conjunction with the suspension system allows the pontoon to remain operational when any shell fails and reduce the level of pressure drops inside the shells by redistributing the directions of air pressure vectors, which will increase the reliability of the shells and increase the depth of use of the pontoon.

The presence in the proposed pontoon of a water-permeable pipe makes it possible to simplify the hull design by eliminating reinforcement belts and safety belts, a suspension system, lifting and towing rods from its structure.

The installation of traverse suspension nodes, longitudinal lashing, lowering and raising the pontoon on the pipe covers will eliminate the dependence of their load capacity on the strength of the body material and produce a pontoon of different load capacity depending on the required operating conditions, i.e. make it universal.

The presence of tides on the pipe at the ends and along its length will improve the working conditions of toroidal shells and evenly distribute the load on the beam, and also prevents slipping of toroidal shells from the pipe during longitudinal tilts of the pontoon.

Installing an air distribution box on one of the covers at the end of the pontoon pipe minimizes the number of air supply pipelines to the pontoon, while laying the pipelines inside the pipe improves the aesthetics of the pontoon, the diver’s working conditions with the pontoon underwater and prevents the blowdown piping of toroidal shells from destruction.

In general, the proposed technical solutions will increase the efficiency of the use of ship-lifting pontoons when lifting sunken objects.

Figure 1 shows a General view of a collapsible ship-lifting pontoon in front view.

Figure 2 shows a General view of a collapsible ship-lifting pontoon in side view.

Figure 3 shows the device pipe collapsible lifting pontoon.

Figure 4 shows the side cover of a collapsible ship-lifting pontoon pipe with pontoon lashing assemblies and an air distribution box.

Figure 5 shows a spearhead of a collapsible ship-lifting pontoon at the side of a sunken object in front view.

Figure 6 shows the point of a collapsible ship-lifting pontoon at the side of the sunken object in side view.

The collapsible ship-lifting pontoon comprises a housing made of toroidal inflatable shells 1 with a reinforcement bandage 2 and a flooding valve 3 installed in the upper part of the shell. The shells are mounted on a water-permeable pipe 4, on which inserts-slugs 5 are installed at the ends and along the entire length, and the ends of the pipe with the help of flanges 6 are muffled by covers 7. The end inserts-slugs 5 are equipped with lugs 8 for transverse winding of the pontoon, and all insertions are slugs - Buttons 9, which by means of brackets 10, suspension slings 11, brackets 12 and butts 13 connect the pipe 4 to the traverse 14. On the traverse 14 a sling device 15 is installed, in which lifting slings 17 are fixed in position with the fingers 16 when using the pontoon . In the lower part of the shells 1 are grass-safety valves 18. Both covers 7 are equipped with butts 19 designed for longitudinal winding of the pontoon, and one of them with an air distribution box 20. In the pipe 4 holes are made for fastening on it with screws 21 inserts - sag 5 and technological holes 22 and cutouts 23 for mounting the purge hoses 24, equipped with union nuts 25.

A collapsible ship-lifting pontoon is used as follows.

At the first stage, the pontoon is assembled and prepared for use in the following sequence:

- depending on the required load capacity, toroidal shells 1 of the appropriate volume and a pipe 4 of the corresponding length and diameter are selected;

- insert a flange 6 into the end of the pipe (for example, the left one), close the end with a cover 7 and fasten them to the pipe with screws 26;

- rigging brackets 27 are put on the eyes 19 and, using clamps 28, a junction box 20 is attached to the lid 7;

- purge sleeves 24 are connected to the horns of junction box 20 by means of union nuts 25 and they are passed through holes in the lid into the pipe 4;

- on the pipe 4 install the first insertion influx 5 and fix it with screws 21;

- on the pipe put on the first shell 1 and press it to the insert-influx 5;

- through the technological cutout 23 closest to the shell and the opening 22, the corresponding purge sleeve 24 is fixed to the shell 1;

- install on the pipe 4 the second insert-influx 5, fix it on the pipe with screws 21, put on the second sheath, press it to the second insert-influx and fix the corresponding purge sleeve 24 on it;

- the process is repeated until the last shell is installed. The assembly is downloaded by installing the last insertion-influx and installing a second cover on the pipe end;

- to the brackets 10 of the Buttons 9 connect the slings of the suspension 11, the second ends of which are fixed through the brackets 12 and Butt 13 on the beam 14;

- to the fitting 29 of the air distribution box 20 connect the purge sleeve of the compressor.

Pontoon ready for descent to the sunken object 31.

Simultaneously with the preparation of the pontoon for work under the hull of the sunken object 31, one of the known methods, for example, washing the tunnels 32, starts lifting slings 17, the ends of which are fixed on the deck of the sunken object 31.

After that, a fully equipped collapsible ship-lifting pontoon is lowered to the sunken object 31 until it becomes possible to place the lifting slings 17 into the sling device 15 and fix one of their ends in it with the fingers 16.

In a similar way, the second pontoon is lowered and secured at the other side of the sunken object 31.

Then, for a spiked pair of pontoons, two shells located closer to the ends of the shell pipe are blown so that the pontoons get positive buoyancy and due to it they select the slack of the lifting slings 17. It becomes possible to evaluate the correctness of the pontoon sharpening in height and place. If the position of the pontoons is not satisfactory, the diver through the grass-safety valve 18 releases air from the blown shells 1. The pontoons receive negative buoyancy and are moved at the command of the diver to a position determined by the lifting project. The diver eliminates the emerging slack of the lifting slings by transferring the ends of the slings and securing them with the fingers 16 in the other holes of the sling device.

In a similar way, all the pontoons necessary for its lifting are fixed on a sunken object.

Then, the pontoons are lashed, for which one end of the longitudinal lashing line 33 is connected with brackets to the upper butts 19 of the head pontoon of the starboard side of the sunken object, and the other to the upper butts of the 19 head port of the left side pontoon. The longitudinal lashing of the pontoons of one side is carried out by fixing the ends of each lashing slings to the lower butts of 19 pairs of pontoons. The transverse lashing of each pontoon is carried out by fixing one end of the sling 34 on the butt 8, and the other end of the sling for the construction of the deck or superstructure of the sunken object 31.

After the pontoons are pointed and lined, the diver opens the valves 30 of the air distribution box 20 according to a certain purge order and the toroidal shells of the pontoon are filled with air from the compressor until the ascent of the sunken object begins. During the ascent of the sunken object, along with the pointed pontoons, excess air escapes from the shells through the grass-safety valves.

The technical and economic advantage of the proposed collapsible ship-lifting pontoon compared to the well-known pontoon of J.W. Automarine (Great Britain), adopted as a prototype, consists in increasing the reliability and manufacturability of using ship-lifting pontoons when lifting sunken objects.

The required investment for the development and manufacture of the proposed collapsible ship-lifting pontoon is about 1350 thousand rubles. Currently, pre-sketch design of a collapsible ship-lifting pontoon has been completed.

Claims (1)

A collapsible ship-lifting pontoon comprising a hull, a purge system, pontoon lifting and towing units, a yoke, a yoke suspension system, characterized in that the hull is made in the form of toroidal inflated shells mounted on a permeable pipe, tidal inserts fixed at the ends and length thereof, while the ends of the pipe are closed with covers equipped with nodes for lifting and towing the pontoon, as well as nodes for longitudinal lashing and lowering the pontoon, the purge system is made in the form of an air distribution box mounted on one of the covers, with air supply pipelines to each shell passing inside the pipe, the traverse suspension units are mounted on tide inserts, and the extreme tide inserts are additionally equipped with pontoon lateral winding units.

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