RU2483506C1 - Rotary tiller-weeder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building, particularly, to rotary tillage equipment for surface continuous treatment of soil. The rotary tiller-weeder comprises blocks of discs (2) with knives (4). Each block of discs (2) is installed on a ⊥-shaped bracket (1), the block of discs (2) includes two hubs (5). To the hub (5) with the help of holders (3), the replaceable rectangular knives (4) are fixed. Knives (4) are installed at the angle of 25…30° and are directed towards to the tool motion. Blocks of discs (2) with knives (4) and the ⊥-shaped bracket form a section of the rotary tiller-weeder. Two sections of the first row are connected by means of a horizontal plate and hingedly connected with the tool frame by short leashes. Two sections of the second row are connected by means of a horizontal plate and hingedly connected with the tool frame by long leashes. Sections of both rows are installed with mutual coverage.

EFFECT: invention is aimed at removal of weed plants, tillage of soil and preservation of soil moisture.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to rotary tillage implements for continuous surface tillage.

A rotary tillage implement is known, including a horizontal drum made of discs that are interconnected by rods with loosening teeth, while the teeth of the previous rod are staggered with respect to the teeth of the next, each of the rods has additional teeth, each of which is located between two main ones with angular displacement relative to them, while the diameter of the circle drawn through the tops of the cutting edges of the additional teeth is less than the diameter of a similar the circumference of the main teeth (copyright certificate SU No. 1042629. IPC АВВ 21/02; АВВ 35/28).

The disadvantages of the described tools include insufficiently complete destruction of weeds, mixing and desiccation of the soil.

A rotary tillage implement is known that contains disks mounted on a horizontal axis, in which, in order to improve the quality of soil cultivation, each of them is equipped with knives fixed along its perimeter, each of which has the shape of a trapezoid facing a smaller base to the disk, and is located at an angle to the plane disk rotation (copyright certificate SU No. 1535395 A1. IPC ⁵ АВВ 21/04).

The disadvantages of this implement design include insufficiently complete weed cutting, mixing of wet and dry layers, and desiccation of the soil, which leads to a decrease in crop yields.

Also known is a rotary implement for processing soil on slopes, containing teeth on a longitudinally horizontal shaft located on the shaft along a helical line, and the distance from the toe of the teeth to the axis of rotation of the shaft increases during the process and is determined by the formula

R _i = R _max -H (ni) / n,

while the width of the teeth is reduced in the course of the process and is determined by the formula

in _w = 1.2 ^{n + 1-i} B _max ,

where R is the distance from the sock to the axis of rotation of the shaft of the i-tooth;

R _max - the distance from the sock to the axis of rotation of the shaft of the last tooth;

H - the width of the working part of the tooth;

n is the number of teeth on the shaft;

i is the number of the tooth;

in _i - the width of the first tooth, and the angle between adjacent teeth is 30 ... 90 ° (copyright certificate SU No. 1376956. IPC ⁴ А01В 33/04).

The disadvantages of this rotary implement include the complexity of the design, increased energy costs for processing the soil horizon, insufficiently complete destruction of weeds, mixing and desiccation of the soil, as well as a decrease in crop yields.

A rotary tillage implement is known that contains a frame, an automatic coupling bracket, support wheels and a disk block with knives arranged in the form of flat polygons with a cutting edge mounted by leashes on a horizontal axis, while it is equipped with additional blocks mounted with steps forward to the main block, each additional block is kinematically connected with the support wheel with a gear ratio of the mechanism: i = D _b / D _k , where D _b is the diameter of the circumference of the cutting edges of the knives of the disk block; D _to - the diameter of the support wheel; i = 0.5-0.7, and the main block is equipped with a brake built into the cavity of the disk block and has friction and pressure disks conjugated by elastic elements, each knife is made in the form of a rhombus with cutting edges around the perimeter, while the said knives are conjugated with the disk block by means of struts having a parabolic shape, the smaller diagonal of the rhombus of each knife being made 1.05-1.10 times the spacing of adjacent racks on the surface of the disk block, and each leash is connected to the frame by means of a transverse and longitudinal horizontal hinge s, each disk block with an automatic coupling bracket is connected by a flexible rod, and each knife is inclined to the diametrical plane of the disk block at an angle of 50-70 ° (RU patent for the invention No. 2289897. IPC A018 21/08).

The disadvantages of this rotary tillage implement include the complexity of the design, low reliability, enveloping knives with plant residues.

This rotary gun was adopted by us as the closest analogue.

The invention consists in the following.

The task to which the invention is directed is to simplify the design, reduce traction resistance, save resource costs, completely destroy weeds and their seedlings.

EFFECT: destruction of weed vegetation, loosening of soil and conservation of soil moisture.

The specified technical result during the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that in the known rotary cultivator-weeder, including blocks with knives installed by leashes, according to the invention, each block is mounted on a ⊥-shaped bracket and includes two hubs to which replaceable rectangular knives are fixed with holders, mounted at an angle of 25 ... 30 ° to the direction of the radius, with the knife directed towards the movement of the rotary cultivator-weeder, disk blocks with knives mounted on a ⊥-shaped crown They form a section of the rotary cultivator-weeder, two sections connected with a horizontal plate and installed in the first row are hinged to the frame of the rotary cultivator-wearer with short leads, and two sections connected with a horizontal plate and installed in the second row are pivotally connected with a frame with long leashes, sections of the first and second row are installed with an overlap forming a completely processed zone, the number of sections in the rows is selected depending on the traction properties of the tract ora.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a section of a rotary cultivator-weeder, side view.

Figure 2 is the same, top view.

Figure 3 - arrangement of the working bodies of the rotary cultivator-weeder, top view.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

The rotary cultivator-wearer consists of ⊥-shaped brackets 1, on which disk blocks 2 are mounted, including holders 3 with removable knives fixed on them 4. The holders 3 have an integral connection with the hub 5. The replaceable knives 4 are attached to the holders using 6 sec bolts countersunk head and installed at an angle of 25 ... 30 ° to the direction of the radius in the direction of movement. The disk blocks 2 with knives 4 mounted on a ⊥-shaped bracket form a section of a rotary cultivator-weeder.

The two sections are interconnected using horizontal plates 7, 8, while the disk blocks are mounted on the frame using short leads 9, and the second row sections connected by the plate 8 are mounted on the frame using leads 10. For attaching the sections to the connecting plates 7 , 8 in the upper part of the ⊥-shaped bracket 1, a threaded tip 11 is provided.

The sections of the first and second row are installed with overlapping, providing continuous tillage.

Rotary cultivator-wearer works as follows. Before starting work, the fastening of the knives 4 to the holders 3 is checked, as well as the sharpness of the blades of the knives 4. The rotary cultivator-wearer drops to the surface of the field, and the movement begins. Knives 4 mesh with the surface of the soil. In this case, weeds are cut and the soil is loosened. Since the knives of the 4 sections, arranged in two rows, are installed with overlap, a continuous processing takes place, ensuring loosening of the soil and the complete destruction of weeds. The loosened topsoil ensures the conservation of soil moisture.

Claims (1)

Rotary cultivator-wearer, including disk blocks with knives installed by means of leashes, characterized in that each block is mounted on a ⊥-shaped bracket and includes two hubs to which replaceable rectangular knives are mounted using holders, set at an angle of 25 ... 30 ° to the direction radius, and the knife is directed towards the movement of the rotary cultivator-weeder, the disk blocks with knives mounted on the ⊥-shaped bracket form a section of the rotary cultivator-wearer, two sections connected with the help of horizontal plate and installed in the first row, pivotally connected to the frame of the rotary cultivator-wearer with short leads, and two sections connected by means of a horizontal plate and installed in the second row, pivotally connected to the frame with long leads, sections of the first and second row are installed with overlap forming a completely processed zone, the number of sections in the rows is selected depending on the traction properties of the tractor.

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