RU2483099C2 - Corrosion-retarding composition for nonferrous metals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to composition including added mix of polyether of alkenyl succinic acid, substituted imidazoline compound and ammonia salt of half ester of phosphoric acid in functional fluid.

EFFECT: higher antirust effect.

2 cl, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to an added composition for use as a metalworking fluid or oil protecting against corrosion and to a method for protecting metals, especially zinc or aluminum alloys, from corrosion or oxidative degradation.

Additives intended to protect metals from corrosion are usually divided into two classes.

Metal deactivators are used to protect yellow metals or alloys such as copper and brass; they exert their protective effect in functional fluids, such as mineral oil and fuels, by deactivating the metal ions contained in them. These metal ions can have catalytic effects on undesirable processes of oxidative decomposition of mineral oil or fuels. This protective effect is explained by the formation of film-like layers on the surface of metals or the formation of a complex with metal ions.

Corrosion inhibitors are primarily used to protect ferrous metals such as iron and steel. By analogy with metal deactivators, corrosion inhibitors also form film-like layers on the surface of metals. In addition, some corrosion inhibitors can prevent corrosion by emulsification of water and, therefore, minimizing direct contact of water with a metal surface.

Currently, metal protection methods are mainly aimed at protecting iron and copper surfaces. However, other metals, such as zinc and aluminum, as well as their alloys, in many areas of technology are becoming very important. Zinc and aluminum, for example, are widely used in automobile manufacturing. Zinc is widely used as corrosion protection coatings on steels, for example on zinc coated steel coils. Corrosion problems are often encountered during transportation, handling and processing of semi-finished metal products. Unfortunately, the currently used deactivating metals compositions are not very satisfactory or even unsatisfactory when protecting such metal surfaces. Therefore, there is an obvious need for improved metalworking fluids in order to prevent corrosion of these metals.

GB 795491 describes the preparation of alkenyl succinic acid half esters and their applicability as additives for steam turbine lubricants.

GB 1043488 describes lubricating oil compositions comprising substituted imidazoline compounds and partial phosphoric esters.

US2005 / 0272614 describes corrosion inhibiting compositions that contain substituted imidazolines and corrosion inhibitors based on a neutral metal sulfonate.

It was found that mixtures of alkenyl succinic acid half esters, substituted imidazoline compounds and ammonium salts of partial esters of phosphoric acid in functional fluids such as oils prevent corrosion of zinc, galvanized steel and aluminum metal samples. This anticorrosive effect can be enhanced by an additional mixture of additional anticorrosive agents, such as substituted imidazolines and ammonium salts of partial esters of phosphoric acid.

An object of the present invention is a composition that includes

A) an added mixture, which essentially includes

a) at least one half-ester of alkenyl succinic acid of the formula

in which R ₁ is C ₆ -C ₁₈ alkenyl, R ₂ is a hydrogen atom or methyl, and n is a number from 1 to 100;

b) at least one imidazoline compound of the formula

wherein one of R ₁ and R ₂ is a hydrogen atom and the other is a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkali, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, phenyl, phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl, and C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl; or

in which both R ₁ and R ₂ are substituents selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, phenyl, phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl, and C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl; and

c) at least one ammonium salt of a partial ester of phosphoric acid of the formula

in which m is 1 or 2;

n is 2 if m is 1, or is 1 if m is 2;

R is a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, phenyl, phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl, C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl and C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl; and R _a, R _b, R _c and R _d independently are hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group consisting of C _1- C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, phenyl, phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl, C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl and C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl; and

B) functional fluid.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is a composition that includes

A) an added mixture, which essentially includes

a) at least one half-ester of alkenyl succinic acid (I), in which

R ₁ is C ₁₀ -C ₁₆ alkenyl, R ₂ is methyl, and n is a number from 1 to 20;

b) at least one imidazoline compound (II) in which one of R ₁ and R ₂ is a hydrogen atom and the other is a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl and C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ alkenyl; or wherein both R ₁ and R ₂ are substituents selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, and C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ alkenyl; and

c) at least one ammonium salt of a partial ester of phosphoric acid (III),

in which m is 1 or 2;

n is 2 if m is 1, or is 1 if m is 2;

R is a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl and amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl; but

R _a , R _b , R _c and R _d independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl and hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl; and

B) functional fluid.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is a composition that includes

A) an added mixture, which essentially includes

a) at least one half-ester of alkenyl succinic acid (I), in which

R ₁ is C ₁₂ -C ₁₆ alkenyl, R ₂ is methyl, and n is a number from 1 to 20;

b) at least one imidazoline compound (II) in which one of R ₁ and R ₂ is a hydrogen atom and the other is a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl and C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ alkenyl; or wherein both R ₁ and R ₂ are substituents selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl and C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ alkenyl; and

c) at least one ammonium salt of a partial ester of phosphoric acid (III), in which m is 1 or 2;

n is 2 if m is 1, or is 1 if m is 2;

R is a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl and hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl; a R _a , R _b , R _c and R _d independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl and hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl; and

B) functional fluid.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is a composition that includes

a) at least one half-ester of alkenyl succinic acid (I) in which R ₁ is C ₆ -C ₁₈ alkenyl, R ₂ is methyl, and n is a number from 1 to 100;

b) at least one imidazoline compound (II) in which one of R ₁ and R ₂ is a hydrogen atom and the other is a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl , amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, phenyl, phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl, and C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl; or

in which both R ₁ and R ₂ are substituents selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, phenyl, phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl, and C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl;

c) at least one ammonium salt of a partial ester of phosphoric acid (III),

in which m is 1 or 2;

n is 2, if m is 1; or

denotes 1 if m is 2;

R is a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, phenyl, phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl, C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl and C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl; a R _a , R _b , R _c and R _d independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, phenyl, phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl, C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl and C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl; and

d) additional conventional additives.

The compositions described above are acceptable as a corrosion inhibitor in non-aqueous, partially aqueous or aqueous functional fluids or fluids.

The expressions and concepts used in the description of the present invention above and below are preferably defined as follows.

For compound (I), R ₁ , defined as C ₆ -C ₁₈ alkenyl, is preferably a straight chain or, where possible, branched radical, for example n-2-octenyl, n-2-dodecenyl, isododecenyl, or more preferably a partial group formulas

in which R 'and R "independently represent a hydrogen atom or essentially straight-chain hydrocarbyl groups, provided that the total number of carbon atoms in R is in the indicated ranges. In a preferred embodiment, R ′ and R ″ are C ₃ -C ₁₅ alkyl or C ₃ -C ₁₅ alkenyl groups. In a particularly suitable embodiment, R contains from about 16 to about 18 C atoms, R 'is a hydrogen atom or C ₁ -C ₇ alkyl, or C ₂ -C ₇ alkenyl, and R "is C ₅ -C ₁₅ alkyl or C ₅ -C ₁₅ alkenyl.

R ₂ represents a hydrogen atom or preferably methyl.

For compound (I), index n denotes a number from 1 to about 100. In preferred embodiments, n denotes a number from 1 to about 20. Compounds (I) can be prepared by reacting R-substituted succinic acid with ethylene oxide or ethylene glycol with a desired chain length if R ₂ is a hydrogen atom, either with propylene oxide or polypropylene glycol with a target chain length, if R ₂ is methyl.

Compounds (I) are known and at least some of them are technically available. The preparation of compounds (I) is described in GB 795491.

Compounds (I) are known oil-soluble corrosion inhibitors that are technically available as a solution in mineral oil, such as Ciba ^® Irgacor ^® L 12. Other products include Hitec ^® 536, technically available from Ethyl Corp. Richmond, Virginia, USA.

In compound (II), one of R ₁ and R ₂ is a hydrogen atom, and the other is a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, phenyl, phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl, and C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl; or

both R ₁ and R ₂ are substituents selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, phenyl, phenyl- C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl phenyl and C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl.

R ₁ and R ₂ , defined as C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, are, for example, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, in particular methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl, or n-butyl, sec-butyl or tert- butyl, or straight chain or branched pentyl or hexyl, or C ₇ -C ₁₂ alkyl, for example straight chain or branched heptyl, octyl, isooctyl, nonyl, tert-nonyl, decyl, undecyl or dodecyl.

R ₁ and R ₂ , defined as hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, are, for example, 2-hydroxyethyl, dihydroxyethyl, 2- or 3-hydroxypropyl, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl, glyceryl, or any of the above C ₄ -C ₁₂ alkyl groups substituted by 1-3 hydroxyl groups.

R ₁ and R ₂ , defined as amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, are, for example, 2-aminoethyl, diaminoethyl or 2- or 3-aminopropyl, or any of the aforementioned C ₄ -C ₁₂ alkyl groups substituted with 1- 3 amino groups.

R ₁ and R ₂ , defined as C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, are a straight chain or, where possible, branched radical, for example vinyl, allyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, isobutenyl, n-2,4-pentadienyl, 3 methyl 2-butenyl, n-2-octenyl, n-2-dodecenyl or isododecenyl.

R ₁ and R ₂ , defined as phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl or C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl radicals, are, for example, benzyl, 1- or 2 phenethyl, 4-methyl- or 4-ethylphenyl, cumenyl or 4-methylbenzyl.

In preferred embodiments, one of R ₁ and R ₂ is a hydrogen atom, and the other is a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl and C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ alkenyl; or

both R ₁ and R ₂ are substituents selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₃ -C ₁₂ alkyl, amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, and C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ alkenyl.

In another preferred embodiment, one of R ₁ and R ₂ is a hydrogen atom, and the other is a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl and C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ alkenyl; or

both R ₁ and R ₂ are substituents selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl and C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ alkenyl.

Compounds (II) are known compounds that can be used as oil soluble corrosion inhibitors that are technically available as a solution in mineral oil, such as the product Ciba ^® Amine 0.

For compound (III), m is 1 or 2. In the case where m is 1, n is 2. Such compounds correspond to the formula

In the case when m is 2, n is 1. Such compounds correspond to the formula

For compound (III), R is a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, phenyl, phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl phenyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl, C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl and C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl; but

R _a , R _b R _c and R _d independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, phenyl, phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl, C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl; and C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl.

The definitions C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, phenyl, phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl -C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl correspond to the definitions given above in relation to compounds (I) and (II).

R, as well as R _a , R _b , R _c and R _d , defined as C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl, C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-C ₄ - C ₈ cycloalkyl or C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl are, for example, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopentylmethyl or cyclohexylmethyl, cyclopentyl-1,1-ethyl, cyclohexyl-1, 1-ethyl, cyclopentyl-1,2-ethyl, cyclohexyl-1,2-ethyl, cyclopentyl-1,2-propyl or cyclohexyl-1,2-propyl, which may be substituted at C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl groups C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, for example methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl.

In preferred embodiments, R is a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, and amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl; a R _a , R _b R _c and R _d independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl and hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl.

The ammonium salt of a partial ester of phosphoric acid, which corresponds to formula III, refers to known compounds that can be obtained by known methods. Compounds (III) are applicable as oil soluble corrosion inhibitors and are technically available, in particular Ciba ^® Irgalube ^® 349.

Other ammonium salt of a partial ester of phosphoric acid, which corresponds to the formula III, refers to commercially available from Rheinchemie Rheinau GmbH, Mannheim, Germany, such as Additin ^® RC products 3740, RC 3741 and RC 3760 (neutralized amine phosphoric acid ester of aliphatic alcohols).

The term "functional fluid" includes non-aqueous, partially aqueous and aqueous fluids that are in contact with metals to be protected, in particular aluminum and zinc.

Examples of non-aqueous functional liquids are fuels, for example, hydrocarbon mixtures, including mineral oil fractions that are in liquid state at room temperature and suitable for use in internal combustion engines, for example in internal combustion engines with external (gasoline engines) or internal ignition (diesel engines) ), for example gasoline with different octane contents (regular or premium gasoline) or diesel fuels, as well as lubricants, working fluids , metalworking fluids, such as mold oil, cutting lubricants, formwork and mold lubricants, drilling oils, etc., engine coolants, transformer oils and oil for oil circuit breakers.

Examples of suitable partially aqueous functional fluids are metalworking fluids such as water in oil or oil in water, working fluids based on aqueous polyglycol / polyglycol ether mixtures, or glycol systems and aqueous glycol-based engine cooling systems.

Examples of aqueous functional fluids are industrial cooling water, filling compositions of a water conditioning installation, water vapor generation systems, sea water evaporation systems, sugar condensation systems, irrigation systems, hydrostatic boilers and heating systems or closed loop heating systems.

The composition in accordance with the invention in a preferred embodiment includes from 0.01 to 10.0 wt.%, In particular from 0.02 to 3.0 wt.%, Added mixture, which is presented above, in terms of the weight of the functional fluid.

Non-aqueous functional fluids are preferred, in particular base oils with a viscosity for lubrication, which can be used to prepare greases, metalworking fluids, gear fluids and working fluids.

Acceptable greases, metalworking fluids, gear fluids and working fluids are based, for example, on mineral or synthetic oils or mixtures thereof. Lubricants are familiar to a person skilled in the art and presented in the relevant literature, such as, for example, Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants; Mortier, R.M. and Orszulik, S.T. (editors); 1992 Blackie and Son Ltd. for GB, VCH-Publishers N.Y. for U.S., ISBN 0-216-92921-0, cf. cc. 208 et seq., 269 et seq .; in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia Chemical Thechnology, Fourth Edition, 1969, J. Wiley & Sons, New York, Vol.13, cc. 533 et seq. (working fluids); Performance Testing of Hydraulic Fluids; R.Tourret and E.P. Wright, Hyden & Son Ltd. GB, on behalf of The Institute of Petroleum London, ISBN 0855013176; Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Ind. Chem., Fifth fully revised edition, Verlag Chemie, DE-Weinheim, VCH-Publishers for U.S., Vol.A 15, cc. 423 et seq. (lubricants), Vol.A 13, cc. 165 et seq. (working fluids).

Lubricants are, in particular, oils and greases, for example based on mineral oil, synthetic oils, or vegetable and animal oils, fats, tall oil and wax, or mixtures thereof. Vegetable and animal oils, fats, tall oil and wax are, for example, palm kernel oil, palm oil, olive oil, rapeseed oil, linseed oil, soybean oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, coconut oil, corn oil, castor oil, walnut oil and mixtures thereof, fish oil and chemically modified, for example epoxidized, sulfoxidized, alkylated or hydrogenated variants or variants prepared by genetic engineering, for example soybean oil prepared using ge nna engineering.

Examples of synthetic lubricants include those based on aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid esters, polymerized esters, polyalkylene oxides, phosphoric esters, poly-α-olefins or silyl esters of dibasic acids and a monohydroxy alcohol, for example dioctyl sebacetate or dinonyl adipate, trimethyl monomeric tri-ether such acids, for example, trimethylol propane tripelargonate, trimethylol propane tricaprylate or mixtures thereof, pentaerythritol tetraester and monobasic acid, or a mixture such acids, e.g. pentaeritritiltetrakaprilata or mixed ester of monobasic and dibasic acids and polyhydric alcohols, such as trimethylolpropane and a mixed ester of caprylic and sebacic acid or mixtures thereof. Particularly acceptable, in addition to mineral oils, are, for example, poly-α-olefins, ester-based lubricants, phosphates, glycols, polyglycols and polyalkylene glycols, and mixtures thereof with water.

Mentioned lubricants or mixtures thereof can also be mixed with an organic or inorganic thickener (base solid fat). Fluids for metalworking and working fluids can be prepared on the basis of the same substances that are presented above for lubricants. Often they are also emulsions of such substances in water or other liquids.

Said lubricating compositions, for example, greases, gear fluids, metalworking fluids and working fluids, may additionally contain additional additives that are added in order to further improve their fundamental properties. These include antioxidants, metal deactivators, corrosion inhibitors, “index” additives, depressants, dispersants, detergents, tackifiers, thixotropic additives, dehydrating agents, antifoam agents, demulsifiers, high pressure additives and antiwear additives. Such additives are added in amounts customary in each case for a given purpose, each in the range of 0.01 to 10.0% by weight. Examples of additional additives are the following substances.

1. Phenolic Antioxidants

1.1. Alkylated monophenols: 2,6-ditret-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-ditret-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,6-ditret-butyl-4-n -butylphenol, 2,6-ditret-butyl-4-isobutylphenol, 2,6-dicyclopentyl-4-methylphenol, 2- (α-methylcyclohexyl) -4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-dioctadecyl-4-methylphenol, 2 , 4,6-tricyclohexylphenol, 2,6-ditret-butyl-4-methoxymethylphenol, nonylphenols that are linear or branched in the side chain, for example 2,6-dinonyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6- ( 1'-methylundec-1'-yl) phenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6- (1'-methylheptadec-1'-yl) phenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6- (1'-methyltride-1'- silt) enol and mixtures thereof.

1.2. Alkylthiomethylphenols: 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-methylphenol, 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-ethylphenol, 2,6-didodecylthiomethyl-4-nonylphenol.

1.3. Hydroquinones and alkylated hydroquinones: 2,6-ditret-butyl-4-methoxyphenol, 2,5-ditret-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-ditret-amylhydroquinone, 2,6-diphenyl-4-octadecyloxyphenol, 2,6-ditret-butylhydroin , 2,5-ditret-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3,5-ditret-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3,5-ditret-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl stearate, bis (3,5-ditret-butyl-4- hydroxyphenyl) adipate.

1.4. Tocopherols: α-, β-, γ-, δ-tocopherols and their mixtures (vitamin E).

1.5. Hydroxylated thiodiphenyl ethers: 2,2'-thiobis- (6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-thiobis- (4-octylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis- (6-tert-butyl -3-methylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis- (6-tert-butyl-2-methylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis- (3,6-divtor-amylphenol), 4,4'-bis- ( 2,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) disulfide.

1.6. Alkylidenebisphenols: 2,2'-methylenebis- (6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis- (6-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis- [4- methyl-6- (α-methylcyclohexyl) phenol], 2,2'-methylenebis- (4-methyl-6-cyclohexylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis- (6-nonyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2 ' -methylenebis- (4,6-ditret-butylphenol), 2,2'-ethylidenebis- (4,6-ditret-butylphenol), 2,2'-ethylidenebis- (6-tert-butyl-4-isobutylphenol), 2 , 2'-methylenebis- [6- (α-methylbenzyl) -4-nonylphenol], 2,2'-methylenebis- [6- (α, α-dimethylbenzyl) -4-nonylphenol], 4,4'-methylenebis- (2,6-ditret-butylphenol), 4,4'-methylenebis- (6-tert-butyl-2-methylphenol), 1,1-bis- (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy -2-methylphenyl) butane, 2,6-bis- (3-tert-butyl-5-methyl-2-hydroxybenzyl) -4-methylphenol, 1,1,3-tris- (5-tert-butyl-4- hydroxy-2-methylphenyl) butane, 1,1-bis- (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl) -3-n-dodecylmercaptobutane, ethylene glycolbis- [3,3-bis- (3'-tert -butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) butyrate], bis- (3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) dicyclopentadiene, bis- [2- (3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5 ' -methylbenzyl) -6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl] terephthalate, 1,1-bis- (3,5-dimethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) butane, 2,2-bis- (3,5-ditret-butyl- 4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis- (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl) -4-n-dodecyl mercaptobut n, 1,1,5,5-tetra (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl) pentane.

1.7. O-, N- and S-benzyl compounds: 3,5,3 ', 5'-tetratret-butyl-4,4'-dihydroxydibenzyl ether, octadecyl-4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzyl mercaptoacetate, tridecyl-4- hydroxy-3,5-ditret-butylbenzyl mercaptoacetate, tris- (3,5-ditret-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) amine, bis- (4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl) dithiotherephthalate, bis- (3,5-Ditret-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) sulfide, isooctyl-3,5-ditret-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl mercaptoacetate.

1.8. Hydroxybenzylated malonates: dioctadecyl-2,2-bis- (3,5-ditret-butyl-2-hydroxybenzyl) malonate, dioctadecyl-2- (3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylbenzyl) malonate, didodecylmercaptoethyl-2 , 2-bis- (3,5-ditret-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) malonate, bis- [4- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenyl] -2,2-bis- (3,5- ditret-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) malonate.

1.9. Aromatic hydroxybenzyl compounds: 1,3,5-tris- (3,5-ditret-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -2,4,6-trimethylbenzene, 1,4-bis- (3,5-ditret-butyl-4 -hydroxybenzyl) -2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene, 2,4,6-tris- (3,5-ditret-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) phenol.

1.10. Triazine compounds: 2,4-bisctyl mercapto-6- (3,5-ditret-butyl-4-hydroxyanilino) -1,3,5-triazine, 2-octyl mercapto-4,6-bis- (3,5-ditret- butyl-4-hydroxyanilino) -1,3,5-triazine, 2-octyl mercapto-4,6-bis- (3,5-ditret-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4 6-tris- (3,5-ditret-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy) -1,2,3-triazine, 1,3,5-tris- (3,5-ditret-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) isocyanurate, 1,3,5-tris- (4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl) isocyanurate, 2,4,6-tris- (3,5-ditret-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylethyl) -1 3,5-triazine, 1,3,5-tris- (3,5-ditret-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl) hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine, 1,3,5-tris- (3,5 dicycle ohexyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) isocyanurate.

1.11. Acylaminophenols: 4-hydroxylauranylide, 4-hydroxystearanilide, octyl-N- (3,5-ditret-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) carbamate.

1.12. Esters of beta- (3,5-ditret-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid and monohydric alcohols, for example methanol, ethanol, n-octanol, isooctanol, octadecanol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thioethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, tris- (hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, N, N'-bis- (hydroxyethyl) oxamide, 3-thiaundecanol-3-ethanoleolanolene 3-alkanoleol-3-alkanoleolanol 3 -hydroxymethyl-1-phospha-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo [2.2.2] octane.

1.13. Esters of beta- (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl) propionic acid and monohydric alcohols, for example methanol, ethanol, n-octanol, isooctanol, octadecanol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9- nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thioethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, tris- (hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, N, N'-bis- (hydroxyethyl) oxamide, 3-triol-tri-thiol-thiene-tri-thiol-thiene , 4-hydroxymethyl-1-phospha-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo [2.2.2] octane.

1.14. Esters of beta- (3,5-dicyclohexyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid and monohydric and polyhydric alcohols, for example alcohols specified in paragraph 13.

1.15. An ester of 3,5-ditret-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and monohydric and polyhydric alcohols, for example alcohols specified in paragraph 13.

1.16. Amides of beta- (3,5-ditret-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid, e.g. N, N'-bis- (3,5-ditret-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl) hexamethylenediamine, N, N'-bis- ( 3,5-ditret-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl) trimethylenediamine, N, N'-bis- (3,5-ditret-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl) hydrazine.

1.17. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C).

1.18. Amine antioxidants: N, N'-diisopropyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-divtor-butyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-bis- (1,4-dimethylpentyl) -p-phenylenediamine, N, N ' -bis- (1-ethyl-3-methylpentyl) -p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-bis- (1-methylheptyl) -p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-dicyclohexyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N'- diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-bis- (naphth-2-yl) -p-phenylenediamine, N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N- (1,3-dimethylbutyl) -N ' -phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N- (1-methylheptyl) -N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-cyclohexyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, 4- (p-toluenesulfonamido) diphenylamine, N, N ' -dimethyl-N, N'-divtor-butyl-p-phenylenediamine, diphenylamine, N-allyldiphenylamine, 4-isopropoxydiphenylamine, N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine, N- (4-tert-octylphenyl) -1-naphthylamine, N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine, octylated diphenylamine, for example p, p'-ditret -octyl diphenylamine, 4-n-butylaminophenol, 4-butyrylaminophenol, 4-nonanoylaminophenol, 4-dodecanoylaminophenol, 4-octadecanoylaminophenol, di (4-methoxyphenyl) amine, 2,6-ditret-butyl-4-methyl-4-dimethyl diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, N, N, N ', N'-tetramethyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 1,2-di - [(2-methylphenyl) amino] ethane, 1,2-di ( phenylamino) propane, (o-tolyl) biguanide, di [4- (1 ' , 3'-dimethylbutyl) phenyl] amine, tert-octylated N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine, a mixture of mono- and dialkylated tert-butyl / tert-octyldiphenylamines, a mixture of mono- and dialkylated nonyl diphenylamines, a mixture of mono- and dialkylated dodecyldiphenylamines, a mixture of mono - and dialkylated isopropyl / isohexyl diphenylamines, a mixture of mono- and dialkylated tert-butyl diphenylamines, 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-4H-1,4-benzothiazine, phenothiazine, a mixture of mono- and dialkylated tert-butyltret-octylphenothiazines, a mixture mono- and dialkylated tert-octylphenothiazines, N-allyl notiazin, N, N, N ', N'-tetraphenyl-1,4-diaminobut-2-en, N, N-bis- (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) hexamethylenediamine, bis- ( 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-one, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-ol.

2. Additional antioxidants: aliphatic or aromatic phosphites, esters of thiodipropionic acid, thiodioacetic acid or a salt of dithiocarbamic or dithiophosphoric acid, 2,2,12,12-tetramethyl-5,9-dihydroxy-3,7,11-trithiatridecane and 2,2 , 15,15-tetramethyl-5,12-dihydroxy-3,7,10,14-tetratihexadecane.

3. Additional metal deactivators

3.1. Benzotriazoles and their derivatives: 2-mercaptobenzotriazole, 2,5-dimercaptobenzotriazole, 4- and 5-alkylbenzotriazoles (for example, tolutriazole) and their derivatives, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzotriazole, 5,5'-methylenebisbenzotriazole; Mannich bases of benzotriazole or tolutriazole, such as 1- [di (2-ethylhexylaminomethyl)] tolutriazole and 1- [di (2-ethylhexylaminomethyl)] benzotriazole; alkoxyalkylbenzotriazoles, such as 1- (nonyloxymethyl) benzotriazole, 1- (1-butoxyethyl) benzotriazole and 1- (1-cyclohexyloxybutyl) tolutriazole.

3.2. 1,2,4-Triazoles and their derivatives: 3-alkyl (and aryl) -1,2,4-triazoles, Mannich bases of 1,2,4-triazoles, such as 1- [di (2-ethylhexyl) aminomethyl] -1,2,4-triazole; alkoxyalkyl-1,2,4-triazoles, such as 1- (1-butoxyethyl) -1,2,4-triazole; acylated 3-amino-1,2,4-triazoles.

3.3. Imidazole derivatives: 4,4'-methylenebis- (2-undecyl-5-methylimidazole), bis [(N-methyl) imidazol-2-yl] carbinol-ethyl ether.

3.4. Sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds: 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2,5-dimercaptobenzothiadiazole and their derivatives; 3,5-bis [di (2-ethylhexyl) aminomethyl] -1,3,4-thiadiazolin-2-one.

3.5. Amine compounds: salicylidene propylene diamine, salicylaminoguanidine and their salts 4. Corrosion inhibitors:

4.1. Organic acids, their esters, metal salts, amine salts and anhydrides: alkyl and alkenyl succinic acids and their partial esters with alcohols, diols or hydroxycarboxylic acids, partial amides of alkyl and alkenyl succinic acids, 4-nonylphenoxyacetic acid, alkoxy and alkoxyethoxycarboxylic acids such as dodecyloxyacetic acid, dodecyloxy (ethoxy) acetic acid and their amine salts, and in addition, N-oleylsarcosine, sorbitan monooleate, lead naphthenate, alkenyl succinic anhydrides, for example, dodecenyl succinic anhydride, 2- (2-carboxye tyl) -1-dodecyl-3-methylglycerol and its salts, in particular sodium salts and triethanolamine salts.

4.2. Nitrogen-containing compounds.

4.2.1. Tertiary aliphatic and cycloaliphatic amines and amine salts of organic and inorganic acids, for example oil-soluble alkylammonium carboxylates, and, in addition, 1- [N, N-bis- (2-hydroxyethyl) amino] -3- (4-nonylphenoxy) propan-2- ol.

4.2.2. Heterocyclic compounds, for example substituted imidazolines and oxazolines, in particular 2-heptadecenyl-1- (2-hydroxyethyl) imidazoline.

5. Sulfur-containing compounds: barium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonates, petroleum calcium sulfonates, alkylthio substituted aliphatic carboxylic acids, esters of aliphatic 2-sulfocarboxylic acids and their salts.

6. "Index" additives: polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, vinylpyrrolidone-methacrylate copolymers, polyvinylpyrrolidiones, polybutenes, olefin copolymers, styrene-acrylate copolymers, polyethers.

7. Depressant additives: poly (meth) acrylates, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, alkyl polystyrenes, fumarate copolymers, alkyl derivatives of naphthalene.

8. Dispersants / surfactants:

polybutenyl succinamides or polybutenyl succinimides, derivatives of polybutenylphosphonic acid, basic magnesium, calcium and barium sulfonates and phenolates.

18. High pressure and antiwear additives: sulfur and halide compounds, such as chlorinated paraffins, sulfonated olefins or vegetable oils (soybean oil, rapeseed oil), alkyl or aryl di or trisulfides, benzotriazoles or their derivatives, such as bis (2-ethylhexyl) aminomethyltolutriazoles, dithiocarbamates such as methylenebisdibutyl dithiocarbamate, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole derivatives such as 1- [N, N-bis- (2-ethylhexyl) aminomethyl] -2-mercapto-1H-1,3-mer 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, such as 2,5-bis- (tert-nonyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole.

10. Substances to reduce the coefficient of friction: pork olein, oleic acid, tall oil, rapeseed oil, sulfonated solid fats, amines. Other examples are presented in EP-A-0565487.

11. Special additives for use in water-oil fluids for metalworking and working fluids.

11.1. Emulsifiers: petroleum sulfonates, amines such as polyoxyethylene fatty amines, nonionic surfactants.

11.2. Buffers: alkanolamines.

11.3. Biocides: triazines, thiazolinones, trisnitromethane, morpholine, sodium pyridinethiol.

11.4. Additives to increase processing speed: calcium sulfonates and barium sulfonates.

11.5. Tackifying agents: acrylamide copolymer, polyisobutene resins.

11.6. Thixotropic additives: microcrystalline waxes, oxidized waxes and oxidized esters.

11.7. Dehydrating agents: polyglycol ethers, butyldiglycols.

Mentioned components can be mixed with lubricants according to a method that is known. It is also possible to prepare a concentrate or the so-called additive package, which can be diluted to the concentrations used for the corresponding lubricant in accordance with the intended use.

The ratio of component a) to component b) to component c) contained in the added mixture A) can be varied within the range of from about 10:10:80 and 80:10:10 to 10:80:10 wt.%.

Although the total content of the added mixture A) in the composition is not critical, the preferred total content of the added mixture A) in the composition is in the range from 10.0 to 0.01, preferably from 10.0 to 0.1, or from 3.0 to 0.1 wt.%, Calculated on the total weight of the composition.

Another embodiment of the invention is an added mixture, which essentially includes

a) at least one half-ester of alkenyl succinic acid (I) in which R ₁ is C ₆ -C ₁₈ alkenyl, R ₂ is a hydrogen atom or methyl, and n is a number from 0 to 100;

b) at least one imidazoline compound (II) in which one of R ₁ and R ₂ is a hydrogen atom and the other is a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl , amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, phenyl, phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl, and C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl;

or

in which both R ₁ and R ₂ are substituents selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, phenyl, phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl, and C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl; and

c) at least one ammonium salt of a partial ester of phosphoric acid (III),

in which m is 1 or 2, n is 2, if m is 1, or 1, if m is 2;

R is a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₂₀ alkenyl, phenyl, phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl phenyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl, C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl -C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl and C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl; and R _a , R _b , R _c and R _d independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl, hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, amino-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkenyl, phenyl, phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylphenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl, C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl, and C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-C ₄ -C ₈ cycloalkyl-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl.

The definitions of components a), b) and c) contained in the added mixture correspond to the definitions of components a), b) and c) contained in the compositions presented above.

According to a preferred embodiment, an object of the invention is an added mixture, which is presented above, used as additives in metalworking fluids.

The invention also relates to a method of protecting against corrosion or oxidative degradation of metals, in which the metal is exposed to a functional fluid, including the added mixture, which is presented above.

According to a preferred embodiment, an object of the invention is a method of protecting against corrosion or oxidative degradation of zinc, aluminum or their alloys, in which zinc, aluminum or their alloys is exposed to a functional fluid, including the added mixture, which is presented above.

An additional embodiment of the invention is a method of protecting against corrosion or oxidative degradation of zinc, aluminum or their alloys, in which zinc, aluminum or their alloys is exposed to a functional fluid comprising at least one alkenyl succinic acid half-ester of formula (I) as described above, which R ₁ is C ₆ -C ₁₈ alkenyl, R ₂ is a hydrogen atom or methyl, and n is a number from 1 to 100.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples:

Application examples

A typical test process for testing a corrosion-inhibiting ability is a climatic chamber test in accordance with DIN EN ISO 6270-2. This test is slightly modified using several different metal samples and more severe conditions. Each sample is processed in the next test cycle.

Exposure for 8 hours in a closed climate chamber at 50 ± 3 ° C, humidity of about 100%, followed by 16 hours in an open climate chamber, cooling to 21 ± 3 ° C and at a humidity approaching room temperature. Such test cycles are repeated until 100% corrosion is visually detected. In the case when the test sample does not corrode, after 24 cycles the test process is stopped (see table).

Corrosion inhibitor Test sample The number of cycles performed Processing Aid Consumption Comparative oil Zinc 19 approx. 15-20% Mixture A Zinc > 24 3% Mixture B Zinc > 24 5% Mixture B Zinc > 24 3% Mixture G Zinc twenty 3% Comparative oil Aluminum 0 approx. 15-20% Mixture A Aluminum > 15 3% Mixture B Aluminum > 15 5% Mixture B Aluminum > 15 3% Mixture G Aluminum > 15 3%

Comparative oil: as presented in "VDA-prüfblatt" of May 2003; VDA 230-201:

Mixture A: 3% Irgacor ^® L12 in paraffin base oil

Mixture B: 5% Irgalube ^® 349 in paraffin base oil

Mixture B: 0.9% IRGACOR L12; 1.5% Amine O; 0.6% IRGALUBE 349 in naphthenic base oil

Mixture G: 0.6% IRGACOR L12; 0.9% Amine O; 1.5% IRGALUBE 349 in 5 paraffin base oil.

Claims (2)

1. Composition for protecting zinc and aluminum from corrosion, which includes
A) an added mixture, which essentially includes
a) at least one half-ester of alkenyl succinic acid of the formula

in which R ₁ is C ₁₂ -C ₁₆ alkenyl, R ₂ is methyl, and n is a number from 1 to 20;
b) at least one imidazoline compound of the formula

in which one of R ₁ and R ₂ is a hydrogen atom, and the other is a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl and C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ alkenyl; or
in which both R ₁ and R ₂ are substituents selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl and C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ alkenyl; and
c) at least one ammonium salt of a partial ester of phosphoric acid of the formula

in which m is 1 or 2;
n is 2 if m is 1, or is 1 if m is 2;
R is a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl and hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl; but
R _a , R _b , R _e and R _d independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkyl and hydroxy-C ₂ -C ₁₂ alkyl; and
B) functional fluid. 2. The composition according to claim 1, in which the functional fluid B) is a non-aqueous functional fluid selected from the group consisting of lubricants, hydraulic fluids, metalworking fluids, engine cooling fluids, transformer oils and oil for oil circuit breakers.