RU2482896C1 - Method of detection of location of buried biological objects or their remains and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: rescue equipment.

SUBSTANCE: use: to search for living people or their remains in areas of earthquakes and explosions of apartment buildings as a result of household gas leakage, in the rubble and shelters, as well as in mountain climbing in searching for people buried, for example in avalanches and rockslides. The essence: the device implementing the proposed method consists of a scanning unit and transceivers placed on biological objects or their remains. The scanning unit comprises the main oscillator 1, a power amplifier 2, a circulator 3, a horn transceiving antenna 4, a high frequency amplifier 5, a phase detector 6, a computer 7, a beat-frequency oscillator 14, a mixer 15, an intermediate frequency amplifier 16, a multiplier 17, a band-pass filter 18, a synchroniser 19, a carrier frequency synthesiser 20, an AND gate 21. Each transmit-receive unit comprises a piezo-crystal 8.i, a microstrip antenna 9.i, electrodes 10.i, tires 11.i and 12.i, a set of reflectors 13i, a narrowband filter 22.i, an amplitude detector 23.i, keys 24.i, 25.i, and unit of accessibility 26.i to the interdigitated transducer (i=1, 2,…, n).

EFFECT: increase in reliability of detection and reading of identification codes simultaneously from several biological objects or their remains in the zone of the scanning unit irradiation.

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Description

The proposed method and device relates to the field of search and rescue operations and can be used to search for living people or their remains in areas of earthquakes and explosions of residential buildings as a result of leakage of domestic gas, in rubble and shelters, as well as in mountain climbing when searching for people who are bombarded, for example, snow avalanches or rockfalls.

Known methods and devices for detecting the location of buried biological objects or their remains (RF patents No. 2.076.336, 2.085.997, 2.105.432, 2.116.099, 2.141.119, 2.206.902, 2.245.733, 2.248.235, 2.288.486 , 2.306.159, 2.313.108, 2.370.792, 2.410.729; US patents Nos. 4.129.868, 4.673.936, 4.958.638, 5.479.120; EP patent No.0.075.119; V.K. Vinokurov and others Safety in mountaineering. - M .: 1983, p.136-137 and others).

Of the known methods and devices closest to the proposed ones are “A method for detecting the location of buried bioobjects or their remains and a device for its implementation” (RF patent No. 2,306.159, A62B 37/00, 2005), which are selected as the base objects.

Known technical solutions provide an increase in the sensitivity and dynamic range of the receiver of the scanning unit, as well as an increase in the reading range of information about the biological object by constructing the receiver of the scanning unit in a superheterodyne circuit.

A disadvantage of the known technical solutions is the impossibility of simultaneously polling several biological objects or their remains. Otherwise, when several bioobjects or their remains are interrogated at the same time, the response signals from them will arrive simultaneously and the code sequences overlap each other, making it impossible to independently read the identification code of each bioobject or its remains.

An object of the invention is to increase the reliability of detection and reading identification codes simultaneously from several biological objects or their remains located in the irradiation zone of the scanning unit.

The problem is solved in that a method for detecting the location of buried bioobjects or their remains, which consists in preliminary placing on a bioobject belonging to a risk group a low-power transceiver, which is used as a piezocrystal with an aluminum interdigital transducer deposited on its surface and a set of reflectors, irradiation with the help of a scanning unit of the filled area, under the surface of which there may be a biological object or its remains directed by an electromagnet signal, receiving it on a bombarded biological object or its remains, converting it into an acoustic wave, ensuring its propagation over the surface of the piezocrystal and back reflection, converting the reflected acoustic wave again into an electromagnetic signal with phase shift keying, the internal structure of which corresponds to the structure of the interdigital transducer, reradiation broadcast it, received by the scanning unit, amplified in amplitude, converted in frequency using the local oscillator voltage, intermediate frequency, multiplying it with the voltage of the driving local oscillator, isolating the electromagnetic signal with phase manipulation at the local oscillator frequency and performing its synchronous detection using the local oscillator voltage as the reference voltage, registering the selected modulating code corresponding to the structure of the interdigital converter, analyzing it, and determining the accessory of a buried biological object or its remains differs from the closest analogue in that on a scanning unit e form n interrogated radio pulses, where n is greater than or equal to the number of bioobjects or their remains located under the surface of the investigated filled area at each given time interval Δt, sufficient to read the identification code from the interdigital transducer of each transceiver, emit a reading radio pulse at frequency w _c and one of the interrogation radio pulses at the frequency w _i, where i = 1, 2, ..., n, each transceiver unit is provided with accessibility to the interdigital transducer that is configured to h sion frequency w _i of one of the interrogation radio pulses, and sequentially reads the identification codes of interdigital transducers of all the transceivers placed on biological objects or their remains under the surface of the filled portion of the test time.

The problem is solved in that a device for detecting the location of buried bioobjects or their remains, containing a transceiver located on a bioobject belonging to a risk group, a scanning unit consisting of a master oscillator and a series-connected power amplifier, a circulator, the input-output of which is connected to the horn transceiver antenna, high-frequency amplifier, mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the local oscillator, the intermediate frequency amplifier, multiplier, the second input It is connected to the output of the master oscillator, a bandpass filter, a phase detector, the second input of which is connected to the output of the local oscillator, and a computer, while the transceiver unit is made in the form of a microstrip antenna and a piezocrystal with an aluminum thin-film interdigital transducer and a set of reflectors deposited on its surface, the interdigital transducer contains two comb systems of electrodes, the electrodes of each of the combs are connected to each other by buses, differs from the closest analogue in that then the scanning unit is equipped with a synchronizer, a carrier frequency synthesizer and an AND logic element, and a synchronizer, a carrier frequency synthesizer and an AND logic element are connected in series to the computer output, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the synchronizer through a master oscillator, the third output of which is connected to the second input of the circulator, each transceiver is equipped with an accessibility unit for the interdigital transducer, consisting of a narrow-band antenna connected in series to the microstrip antenna a filter, an amplitude detector, and two keys connected between the microstrip antenna and the buses of the interdigital transducer, respectively.

The structural diagram of a device that implements the proposed method is presented in figures 1 and 2. The block diagram of the scanning unit is shown in figure 1. The structural diagram of the first transceiver block is shown in figure 2.

The scanning unit contains sequentially connected computer 7, a synchronizer 19, a carrier frequency synthesizer 20, an AND gate 21, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the synchronizer 19 through a master oscillator 1, a power amplifier 2, a circulator 3, the second input of which is connected to the third the output of the synchronizer 19, and the input-output is connected to the horn transceiver antenna 4, the high-frequency amplifier 5, the mixer 15, the second input of which is connected to the output of the local oscillator 14, the intermediate frequency amplifier 16, the multiplier 17, the second the input of which is connected to the output of the master oscillator 1, a bandpass filter 18 and a phase detector 6, the second input of which is connected to the output of the local oscillator 14, and the output is connected to the computer 7.

The first transceiver unit is made in the form of a piezoelectric crystal 8.1 with an aluminum thin-film interdigital transducer (IDT) deposited on its surface and a set of reflectors 13, as well as serially connected to a microstrip antenna 9.1 of a narrow-band filter 22.1, an amplitude detector 23.1, and two keys 24.1, 25.1 included between the microstrip antenna 9.1 and the buses 11.1, 12.1, respectively.

The interdigital transducer (IDT) of surface acoustic waves (SAW) contains two comb systems of electrodes 10.1, buses 11.1 and 12.1, which connect the electrodes of each of the combs to each other. Tires 11.1 and 12.1, in turn, are connected through keys 24.1 and 25.1 to microstrip antenna 9.1, respectively.

The narrow-band filter 22.1, the amplitude detector 23.1, the keys 24.1 and 25.1 form the first block 26.1 access to the interdigital converter.

The proposed method is implemented as follows.

Using the computer 7 and the synchronizer 19, the master oscillator 1 and the carrier frequency synthesizer 20 are started.

The master oscillator 1 generates a high-frequency oscillation (read radio pulse)

u _c (t) = U _c Cos (w _c t + φ _c ), 0≤t≤T _c ,

where U _c , w _c , φ _c , T _c is the amplitude, carrier frequency, initial phase, and duration of the high-frequency oscillation (readout radio pulse).

Synthesizer 20 carrier frequencies form the request radio pulses:

u ₁ (t) = U ₁ Cos (w ₁ t + φ ₁ ),

u ₂ (t) = U ₂ Cos (w ₂ t + φ ₂ ),

..................

u _i (t) = U _i Cos (w _i t + φ _i ),

...................

u _n (t) = U _n · Cos (w _n t + φ _n ), 0≤t≤T _and ,

where T _and - the duration of the requested radio pulses;

n is the number of transceivers (bioobjects or their objects).

The reading radio pulse u _c (t) and the first interrogating radio pulse u ₁ (t) through the logic element “I” 21, the power amplifier 2 and the circulator 3 enter the horn transceiver antenna 4 and are broadcast. With the help of a horn antenna 4, a bombarded area is sequentially irradiated, under the surface of which biological objects or their remains are supposedly located.

The reading u _c (t) and the first interrogating u ₁ (t) radio pulses are received by the microstrip antenna 9.1 of the first transceiver located on the first biological object. In this case, the first interrogation radio pulse u ₁ (t) is extracted by the first narrow-band filter 22.1 tuned to the frequency w ₁ and is detected by the first amplitude detector 23.1. The detected direct voltage is supplied to the control inputs of the keys 24.1 and 25.1, opening them. In the initial state, the keys 24.1 and 25.1 are always closed. In this case, the reading radio pulse u _c (t) from the output of the microstrip antenna 9.1 through the public keys 24.1 and 25.1 is fed to the first piezoelectric crystal 8.1 with an aluminum interdigital transducer (IDT) deposited on its surface, which consists of two comb systems of electrodes 10.1 deposited on piezocrystal surface 8.1. The electrodes of each of the combs are connected to each other by buses 11.1 and 12.1.

The received readout radio pulse u _c (t) is converted by IDT into an acoustic wave, which propagates along the surface of piezoelectric crystal 8.1, is reflected from a set of reflectors 13.1, and is again converted into an electromagnetic signal with phase shift keying

u _c1 (t) = U _c1 · Cos [w _c t + φ _к1 (t) + φ _с ], 0≤t≤T _s ,

where φ _к1 (t) = {0, π} is the manipulated component of the phase that displays the law of phase manipulation in accordance with the modulating code M ₁ (t), and φ _к1 (t) = const for Kτ _e <t <(k + 1 ) τ _e and can change abruptly at t = Kτ _e , i.e. at the borders between elementary premises (K = 1, 2, ..., N-1);

τ _e , N is the duration and number of chips that make up a signal of duration T _s ( T _c = N · τ _e ).

In this case, the internal structure of the generated QPSK signal is determined by the IDT topology, has an individual character and contains all the necessary unique information about the owner, for example, last name, first name, middle name, year of birth, etc.

The resonant frequency w _c IDT is determined by the distance between the electrodes 10.1.

The generated PSK signal u _c1 (t) is radiated by the microstrip antenna 9.1, received by the antenna of the scanning unit 4, and fed through the circulator 3 and the high-frequency amplifier 5 to the first input of the mixer 15, to the second input of which the local oscillator voltage 14

u _g (t) = U _g Cos (w _g t + φ _g ).

At the output of the mixer 15, voltages of combination frequencies are generated. The amplifier 16 is allocated voltage intermediate (differential) frequency

u _up (t) = U _CR · Cos [w _up t + φ _к1 (t) + φ _up ], 0≤t≤T _s ,

Where

w _up = w _c -w _g is the intermediate (difference) frequency;

φ _up = φ _c -φ _g ,

which is fed to the first input of the multiplier 17, to the second input of which a high-frequency oscillation u _c (t) is supplied from the output of the master oscillator 1. A voltage is generated at the output of the multiplier 17

u _c2 (t) = U _c2 · Cos [w _g t + φ _к1 (t) + φ _g ], 0≤t≤T _s ,

Where

which is a PSK signal at a frequency w _{g of the} local oscillator 14 and is fed to the first (information) input of the phase detector 6. The voltage u _g (t) of the local oscillator 14 is supplied as the reference voltage to the second (reference) input of the phase detector 6. As a result of synchronous detection at the output of the phase detector 6 produces a low-frequency voltage

u _н1 (t) = U _н1 · _{Cosφ к} (t),

;Where

;

proportional to the modulating code M ₁ (t). This voltage is recorded and analyzed in computer 7.

Narrow-band filters 22.i of all IDT access blocks 26.i are tuned to the frequency w _{i of the} requested radio pulses (i = 1, 2, ..., n). The duration T _and each interrogated radio pulse is chosen such that the code sequence φ _k1 (t) generated by the reading radio pulse u _c (t) can be transmitted completely to the scanning unit.

When the radiation of the read radio pulse u _c (t) and the first interrogated radio pulse u ₁ (t), the circulator 3 is set to the transmission mode by a command from the synchronizer 19. After the transmission of these radio pulses after a time Δt, the circulator 3 at the command of the synchronizer 19 is put into receive mode.

Upon receipt of the first code sequence u _n1 (t) in computer 7, the latter issues a command to the synchronizer 19, and then to the master oscillator 1 and the carrier frequency synthesizer 20, which form the readout radio pulse u ₂ (t). In this case, the request radio pulse u ₂ (t) is allocated by the narrow-band filter 22.2 of the second IDT accessibility block 26.2. Further, everything happens, as in the previous case, and so on until all transceivers in the radiation field of the scanning unit are read.

Thus, the proposed method and device for detecting the location of buried biological objects or their remains in comparison with prototypes provide increased reliability of the detection and reading of identification codes simultaneously from several biological objects or their remains located in the irradiation zone of the scanning unit. This is achieved using interrogated radio pulses u _i (t) and blocks 26.i accessibility to interdigital converters (IDT) (i = 1, 2, ..., n), which allow to interrogate all transceivers sequentially in time. In this case, it is possible to organize the reception of signals reflected from various transceivers at different points in time. In this case, the code sequences from various transceivers will not overlap and the identification code of each transceiver located in the radiation field of the scanning unit will be read.

Claims (2)

1. A method for detecting the location of buried bioobjects or their remains, which consists in preliminary placing on a bioobject belonging to a risk group a low-power transceiver, which is used as a piezocrystal with an aluminum interdigital transducer deposited on its surface and a set of reflectors, irradiation using a scanning unit a filled area, under the surface of which there may be a biological object or its remains directed by an electromagnetic signal, receiving it for a filled biological object or its remains, converting into an acoustic wave, ensuring its propagation over the surface of the piezocrystal and back reflection, converting the reflected acoustic wave again into an electromagnetic signal with phase shift keying, the internal structure of which corresponds to the structure of the interdigital transducer, re-emitting it to the ether, receiving by scanning block, amplification in amplitude, frequency conversion using a local oscillator voltage, isolation of an intermediate frequency voltage, ac knocking it with the voltage of the driving local oscillator, isolating the electromagnetic signal with phase shift keying at the local oscillator frequency and performing its synchronous detection using the local oscillator voltage as a reference voltage for detecting the selected modulating code corresponding to the structure of the interdigital transducer, analyzing it, and determining whether or not the filled biological object remains, characterized in that n scanning radio pulses are formed on the scanning block, where n is greater than or p clearly the number of biological objects or their remains under the surface of the backfilled area, at each predetermined time interval Δt, sufficient for reading the identification code from the interdigital transducer of each transceiver emit a reading RF pulse at frequency w _c and one of the interrogation radio pulses at the frequency w _i where i = 1, 2, ..., n, each transceiver unit to supply availability interdigital transducer tuned to the frequency w _i of one of the interrogation radio pulses, and a sequence tionary time reads identification codes interdigital transducers of all the transceivers placed on biological objects or their remains under the surface of the backfilled area. 2. A device for detecting the location of bombarded bioobjects or their remains, containing a transceiver located on a bioobject belonging to a risk group, a scanning unit consisting of a master oscillator and series-connected power amplifier, a circulator, the input-output of which is connected to a horn transceiver antenna, amplifier high frequency mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the local oscillator, an intermediate frequency amplifier, a multiplier, the second input of which is connected to the output of the master g an oscillator, a bandpass filter, a phase detector, the second input of which is connected to the output of the local oscillator, and a computer, while the transceiver unit is made in the form of a microstrip antenna and a piezocrystal with an aluminum thin-film interdigital transducer and a set of reflectors deposited on its surface, the interdigital transducer contains two comb systems of electrodes, electrodes of each of the combs are connected to each other by buses, the converter contains two comb systems of electrodes, electrodes of the dies of the combs are connected to each other by buses, characterized in that the scanning unit is equipped with a synchronizer, a synthesizer of carrier frequencies and a logical element "I", with a synchronizer, a synthesizer of carrier frequencies and a logic element "I" connected in series to the output of the computer, the second input of which the master oscillator is connected to the second output of the synchronizer, the third output of which is connected to the second input of the circulator, each transceiver is equipped with an accessibility unit to the interdigital converter, consisting from a narrow-band filter, an amplitude detector, and two keys connected in series between the microstrip antenna and the buses of the interdigital converter, respectively, connected to the microstrip antenna of the narrowband filter.

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