RU2481902C1 - Trommel screen - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to screening rocks and construction materials, crushing and sorting jobs, and screen sizing of construction materials. Proposed screen comprises trough closed on all sides with helical hollow drums arranged in tiers, one above the other, vibroexciters and elastic elements, loose material fine and coarse particles loaders and unloaders. Helical hollow drums feature convex and concave shape and are arranged in turn one above the other. Note here that helical convex drums have their perimetre composed of three and more coiled and interconnected variable-width perforated strips flexed in helical lines in transverse direction and flexed along cuts, with skewed walls in transverse-lengthwise direction, arranged in pairs at angle to each other on both sides of perforated strips on bulged mandrel to make zigzag helical lines and zigzag helical perforated surfaces with equal pitch over drum length. Note here that helical concave drums have their perimetre composed of three and more coiled and interconnected variable-width perforated strips flexed in helical lines in transverse direction and flexed along cuts, with skewed walls in transverse-lengthwise direction, arranged in pairs at angle to each other on both sides of perforated strips on concave mandrel to make zigzag helical lines and zigzag helical perforated surfaces with equal pitch over drum length.

EFFECT: expanded performances and higher efficiency.

15 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for screening rocks, building materials in preparation for transportation, to perform crushing and screening operations, as well as for the classification of building materials.

Known is a vibrating screw screen (SU 614832 A, 07.15.1978, B07B 1/40), including a housing closed on all sides, with spiral screening surfaces, vibration exciter and elastic elements, loading means and unloading

A disadvantage of the known device is low productivity, limited technological capabilities.

Closest to the proposed invention is a vibrating screw screen (patent No. 2368433, publ. 09/27/2009. Bull. No. 27), including a box closed on all sides, with belts located tiered one under the other and rigidly connected to a single technological chain by screw screening surfaces formed along the perimeter of three or more curved in a vertical plane and sequentially interconnected along the length of perforated stripes of curvilinear shape of various orders with a vibration exciter and elastic elements, with COROLLARY loading and unloading of large and small particles of bulk material.

A disadvantage of the known device is low productivity, limited technological capabilities.

The technical solution to the problem is to expand technological capabilities, increase productivity.

The technical solution is achieved by the fact that in a drum screen, including a box closed on all sides, with screw hollow drums, vibration exciter and elastic elements, means for loading and unloading small and large particles of bulk material, arranged in tiers under each other and rigidly connected to a single technological chain hollow helical drums are convex and concave in shape, mounted alternately under each other, while convex helical drums are made around the perimeter of three and b more than vertically folded and serially connected perforated stripes of variable width of a convex curvilinear shape, folded in a vertical plane in the longitudinal direction, curved along helical lines in the transverse direction and bent along notches, with beveled walls in the transverse-longitudinal direction, arranged pairwise under at an angle to one another on both sides of the perforated strips on the convex mandrel with the formation along the perimeter of the screw drum directed towards each other broken helical lines and broken helical perforated surfaces with the same variable pitch along the length of the drum, and concave helical drums are made of perforated strips of variable width of a concave shape, curved in a vertical plane in the longitudinal direction, curved along helical lines in the transverse direction and bent along the notches, with beveled walls in the transverse longitudinal direction, located at an angle to one another on both sides of the perforated strips on the concave mandrel with the formation of about the perimeter of a helical drum of a concave shape of broken helical lines directed towards each other and broken helical perforated surfaces with a variable pitch.

According to the patent literature not found a technical solution similar to the claimed, which allows to judge the inventive step of the proposed drum screen.

The novelty of the invention lies in the fact that when the exciter is operating, particles of bulk materials circulating inside screw screw screening surfaces rigidly fixed in the vibrating housing in planes perpendicular to their horizontal axes receive additional movement from the internal perforated surfaces of a curved shape, which intensifies the mixing of the loading mass and increases screening performance.

The novelty also lies in the fact that under the influence of the perturbing forces of the vibrator through the walls of the duct particles of building materials rotate in planes perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the screening surface, while screw screening surfaces change and give additional movement to the particles of building materials, provide an increase in the performance of classification of building materials by size, and also move them from loading to outlet openings.

The novelty of the invention lies in the fact that, since the frequency of movement of particles of the screening material in the proposed design is determined not only by the frequency of vibrations created by the vibrator, but also by the number of flat elements around the perimeter of the drums, this is their design design by increasing the number of flat elements in each section along the perimeter increases the frequency of collisions of particles of the screening materials with each other and with perforated walls of the drums, increases the performance of screening, uv lichivaet technological capabilities.

The novelty of the invention lies in the fact that such a structural design of the drums allows for a consistent gradual compaction and discharge of the material flows as they move from loading to unloading, as well as to increase the efficiency of mixing their particles, expanding technological capabilities.

The novelty is also seen in the fact that the area and shape of the cross and longitudinal sections of the drums change over the entire length many times from loading to unloading, which changes the speed and trajectory of the movement of particles of materials, expands technological capabilities.

The novelty also lies in the fact that along the perimeter of the drums formed broken helical perforated surfaces facing each other with a variable width of a concave and convex curvilinear shape in length, which provides a violation of the stationary flow of particles inside the screening surface and expands technological capabilities.

The novelty also lies in the fact that along the perimeter of the drums there are formed perforated flat faces directed towards not only each other at an angle, but also to the axis of the drums, which ensures a violation of the stationary motion of the flows of particles of materials inside the drums, while the speed of the particles of materials inside the drums in each randomly pulsates at the point of their flows; therefore, particles of materials inside the drums make unsteady random movements along complex paths, which also extends the technological possibilities STI provides a self-cleaning perforated screw faces the reels.

The novelty lies in the fact that along the perimeter of the drums, broken helical lines are formed, directed towards each other, which expands the technological capabilities.

The novelty is also due to the fact that the pitch of the helix along the perimeter varies along the length of the reels from loading to unloading, which intensifies the technological process of screening, expands technological capabilities.

The novelty lies in the fact that the twisting of each perforated strip along the notches with beveled walls in the transverse-longitudinal direction, with the notches located in pairs at an angle to one another on both sides of the perforated stripes, provides additional surface curvature around the perimeter of the drums, thereby increasing the difference between the corners the slope of the vectors of movement of particles of materials in neighboring areas of the sifting surface of the drums, so the particles of materials move along complex paths, considerably the number of collisions with each other and with the perforated walls of the drums, which intensifies screening process provides a self-cleaning perforated screw faces the reels.

The novelty is also due to the fact that the perforated strips have a curved concave shape of variable width and are ribbed in the transverse direction with the formation of alternating faces along the perimeter of the screening surface, which ensures gradual discharge and densification of material particle flows, intensifies the process of mixing and screening, and ensures self-cleaning of perforated faces screening surface of the drums.

The novelty also lies in the fact that the screening surface of the drum is made of one or more perforated tapes, which expands the technological capabilities and simplifies the manufacture.

The novelty lies in the fact that due to the curved inner screw perforated surfaces, the vectors of the material velocity during transportation from loading to unloading change, which contributes to the intensification of the mixing process and expands technological capabilities.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where: in Fig.1 shows a drum screen, General view; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1; figure 3 is a view a in figure 1; figure 4 - design of the upper drum, General view; figure 5 is a view In figure 4; figure 6 - perforated strip convex shape; Fig.7 is a section bB in Fig.6; on Fig - perforated strip of convex shape, rolled around its longitudinal axis; figure 9 is a perforated strip of convex shape, rolled up on a convex mandrel; figure 10 - design of the middle drum, General view; figure 11 is a view of B in figure 10; in Fig.12 - a perforated strip of concave shape; on Fig - section bb in Fig; on Fig - a perforated strip of concave shape, rolled around its longitudinal axis; on Fig - perforated strip of concave shape, rolled up on a concave mandrel.

The drum screen (figure 1, figure 2, figure 3) consists of a means for loading 1, means for unloading 2, 3, 4, 5 to output fractions of bulk materials outside the drum screen for classifying building materials, box 6, installed using elastic elements 7 on the base 8. In the lower part of the box 6 is mounted a vibration exciter 9. The drum screen is equipped with containers 10, 11, 12, 13 for receiving particles of bulk materials after screening. In the box 6, made closed on all sides, mounted on top of each other and connected in a single technological chain are the upper convex drum of the convex shape 14, the middle concave shape 15, the lower convex shape 16. To ensure transportation from loading to unloading each of the screw drums 14, 15.16 can be mounted in box 6 with a slope of 2 ° -5 ° to the discharge side. During the operation of the drum screen, continuous movement of bulk materials from loading to unloading is ensured.

The nozzle of the loading device 1 is mounted in the inlet of the screw convex shape of the drum 14. The outlet 17 of the screw convex shape of the drum 14 is closed by a lid 18, which overlaps at the same time the inlet 19 of the screw concave shape of the drum 15 and allows the masses of bulk materials to move from the upper convex shape of the screw drum 14 into the underlying concave-shaped screw drum 15, namely from the outlet 17 of the screw convex-shaped drum 14 into the inlet 19 of the screw concave-shaped b Arabana 15. The outlet 20 of the second concave helical shape of the drum 15 is closed by a lid 21, which also covers the inlet 22 of the underlying third screw convex shape of the drum 16, allowing bulk materials to be transferred from the second middle concave shape of the drum 15 to the lower third convex shape of the drum 16 To receive small fractions of the classified material, a means for unloading 2 is mounted under the first convex screw-shaped drum 14, and a mounter 15 is mounted under the second concave screw-shaped drum Unloading means 3 is set, under the third convex screw shape of the drums 16, unloading means 4 are mounted. Under the outlet 23 of the third screening surface 16, the unloading device 5 is mounted.

The upper convex-shaped drum 14 (Fig. 4, Fig. 5) is made of perforated strips 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 of variable width (Fig. 6) with notches (Fig. 7) folded in a vertical plane in the longitudinal direction relative to its own axis of symmetry of the perforated strip (Fig. 8), curved along helical lines in the transverse direction on a convex shaped mandrel 30 (Fig. 9) and bent along notches, with beveled walls in the transverse-longitudinal direction, arranged in pairs at an angle of one to to the other, on both sides of the perforated strips, cuts are shown in Fig.7.

Since the perforated strips 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 have a variable width (Fig. 6), the screw convex-shaped drum 14 (Fig. 4, Fig. 5) has a variable longitudinal section and a variable passage section along the length of the screw the convex shape of the drum 14. In addition, the perforated strips 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 are ribbed in the longitudinal transverse direction, forming (Fig. 4, Fig. 5) alternating faces, for example, 31, 32, 33, 34 for strip 24. Moreover, every two adjacent faces, for example, 31 and 32, 32 and 33, 33 and 34, etc., are located at an obtuse angle to one another from the outside and inside th side of the perforated strips intersect with each other with the formation of helical lines of the main direction, for example 35-36-37-38-39-40-41 on the outer surface and helical grooves on the inner surface of the screw convex shape of the drum 14. In Fig.4, Fig .5 one of the helical lines of the main direction 35-36-37-38-39-40-41 is shown by a thickened line. On the outer surface of the convex convex shape of the drum 14, helical grooves and helical lines of the opposite direction are also formed, for example, 42-43-44-38-45-46-47, which are also shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 by thickened lines. The helical lines along the outer surface of the convex convex shape of the drum 14 have the same position designations with their corresponding grooves on the inner surface, and the helical grooves and helical lines of the convex convex shape of the drum 14 can have a different number of strokes and different steps. On the perforated strips 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, before cutting, cuts 48, 49 are made (FIG. 6, FIG. 7) with beveled walls arranged in pairs at an angle to one another, such as in FIG. 6, FIG. .7, through milling, pressure treatment, etc. The geometry and magnitude of the angles Δ, ξ, σ, τ, ν, χ of the bevels of the notches and their mutual arrangement corresponds to the number of approaches and the magnitude of the steps of helical lines of the opposite direction. The notches 48 and 49 create (Fig.6, Fig.7) alternately from opposite sides of each perforated strip 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29. Then, relative to the longitudinal axis, each of the stripes 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 are twisted in a vertical plane relative to the longitudinal axis of the perforated strip (Fig. 8). On Fig shows one of the perforated strips, for example 24, twisted in a vertical plane along its longitudinal axis, with lateral edges 50 and 51 located along helical lines along the longitudinal axis. Pre-twisted perforated strip in a vertical plane relative to the longitudinal axis, for example 24, placed on the convex mandrel 30 (Fig.9) and bent so that the edges 50 and 51 are placed along helical lines and in the transverse direction. After bending in the transverse direction, each perforated strip is rotated relative to the longitudinal axis of the screw drum 14 so that its edges form in the transverse direction a perforated strip and a helical line with the same pitch for all perforated strips. After that, the perforated strip 14 is deformed and removed from the mandrel 30. The remaining perforated strips, for example 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, are treated in a similar manner. Then, all the perforated strips thus deformed are combined and joined by known methods, for example, by welding.

The middle screw drum 15 is made concave (Fig. 10, Fig. 11) from perforated strips 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57 of variable width (Fig. 12) with notches with beveled walls in the transverse-longitudinal direction, arranged in pairs at an angle to one another on both sides of the perforated strips (Fig. 12, Fig. 13), folded in a vertical plane in the longitudinal direction relative to the axis of symmetry of the perforated strip (Fig. 14), bent along helical lines in the transverse direction (Fig. 15 )

Since the perforated strips 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57 have a variable width (FIG. 10), the screw drum 15 (FIG. 10, FIG. 11) has a variable longitudinal section and a variable flow cross section along the length of the screw concave drum shape 15.

In addition, the perforated strips 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57 are made ribbed in the longitudinal transverse direction, forming (Fig. 10, Fig. 11) alternating perforated triangular faces, for example, 58, 59, 60, 61 for perforated strips 52. In this case, every two adjacent perforated faces, for example 58 and 59, 59 and 60, 60 and 61, etc., are located at an obtuse angle to one another on the outer and inner sides of the perforated strips, intersect with each other with the formation of helical main lines, for example, 62-63-64-65-66-67-68-69-70 on the outer surface and screw channels wok on the inner surface of the screw concave shape of the drum 15. In Fig.10, Fig.11 one of the helical lines of the main direction 62-63-64-65-66-67-68-69-70 shown by a thickened line. On the outer surface of the screw concave shape of the drum 15, helical grooves and helical lines of the opposite direction are also formed, for example, 71-72-73-74-75-65-76-77, (Fig. 10, Fig. 11) are shown by a thickened line. The helical lines along the outer surface of the concave helical shape of the drum 14 have the same position designations with their corresponding grooves on the inner surface, and the helical grooves and helical lines of the helical drum 14 can have a different number of starts and different steps. On the perforated strips 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57 of concave shape (Fig. 12, Fig. 13), for example 52, before folding, cuts 79 and 80 are made with beveled walls arranged in pairs at an angle to one another, such as for example, in FIG. 12, FIG. 13 by means of milling, pressure treatment and the like. The geometry and magnitude of the angles Ψ, α, β, ω, λ, φ of the bevels of the notches and their relative positions correspond to the number of approaches and the step sizes of helical lines of the opposite direction. The notches 79 and 80 create (FIG. 12, FIG. 13) alternately from opposite sides of each perforated strip 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57. Then, relative to the longitudinal axis, each of the stripes 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57 are twisted in a vertical plane relative to the longitudinal axis of the strip (Fig. 14). On Fig shows one of the strips, twisted in a vertical plane along its longitudinal axis, with lateral edges 81 and 82 located along helical lines along the longitudinal axis. A perforated strip pre-twisted in a vertical plane relative to the longitudinal axis, for example, is placed on the mandrel 83 ( 15) and bend so that the edges 81 and 82 are placed along helical lines and in the transverse direction. After bending in the cross section, each perforated strip is rotated relative to the longitudinal axis of the strip so that its edges 81 and 82 form a helical line in the transverse direction of the perforated strip with the same pitch for all perforated stripes. After that, the strip 52 is deformed and removed from the mandrel 83. The remaining perforated strips, for example 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, are processed in a similar manner. Further, all the strips so deformed are combined and joined by known methods, for example, welding.

The lower drum 16 is made in the form of a convex screw drum similar to a screw convex shape of the drum 14. Since the screw drums are made of a convex shape 14, concave shape 15, convex shape 16 and installed alternately under each other, it is provided with an increase in the volume of the inner spaces of the drums 14, 15 , 16 preservation of overall dimensions in height compared with the prototype due to the alternately mounted convex and concave screw drums, which by their convexity enter the concavity next to the mounted bar ana, such as the helical drum convexity 14 enters the concavity 15 of the drum concave and convex bulge drum 16 enters the concavity 15 of the screw drum.

Drum screen works as follows.

By means of a loading device 1, classified granular material is continuously charged into the upper screening surface 14. Under the influence of the disturbing forces of the rotating vibrator 9, disturbing forces are transmitted to the particles of bulk materials through the walls of the box 6 and rigidly connected to the sieving surfaces 14, 15, 16. Particles of bulk materials under the influence of these disturbing forces under the influence of vibration rotate in planes perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the sieving surface 14, 15, 16. The screw perforated walls of the curved shape of the sieving surfaces 14, 15, 16 change and give additional movements to the particles of bulk materials and provide increasing the classification performance of bulk materials by size, and also move them from loading to the outlet, for example, to the outlet 17 screening surface 14. As the particles of bulk materials move along the horizontal axis of the screening surface 14, small particles of bulk materials are separated and they are discharged through the holes of the screw screening surface 14 into the means for unloading 2 and then beyond the vibration of the screw screen. Under the influence of vibration and with the help of the lid 18, the particles of bulk materials are reloaded through the hole 19 into the underlying screening surface 15, along the perimeter of which there are helical lines whose direction is opposite to the direction of the helical lines of the upper screening surface 14. With their help and under the influence of vibration, small particles of bulk materials through the holes of the screw screening surface 15 are discharged into the means for unloading 3 and then beyond the limits of the vibrating screw screen, and larger fractions of all materials are moved to the outlet 20 and through the cover 21 are moved through the inlet 22 into the internal cavity of the sieving surface 16. Under the influence of vibration of the screw perforated walls of a curved shape and helical lines along the perimeter of the sieving surface 16, small fractions of bulk materials are discharged into the means for unloading 4 and further beyond the vibrational screw screen, and large particles of bulk materials are moved along the horizontal axis and through the hole 23 and using unloading 5 LfTetanus output device beyond the helical vibratory screen.

The technical and economic advantages of the invention arise due to an increase in miscibility, imposition on the complex rotational movement of bulk materials from vibration in planes perpendicular to the horizontal axis of the screening surface, additional movement imparted by curvilinear walls of different orders of screw screening surfaces, which facilitates the passage of particles through openings of screening surfaces screw drums and expands technological capabilities. In the process of moving bulk materials from loading to unloading, their particles make a complex spatial movement, since the direction of their movement under the influence of vibration changes under the influence of the walls of the curved shape of the screw drums concave and convex shape, which intensifies the process of mixing and screening.

Claims (1)

Drum screen, including a box closed on all sides, with belt-mounted screw hollow drums, vibration exciter and elastic elements, means for loading and unloading small and large particles of granular material, which are tucked under each other and rigidly connected to a single technological chain, characterized in that the screw hollow drums made convex and concave in shape, mounted alternately under each other, while the convex-shaped screw drums are made around the perimeter of three or more vertically folded the horizontal plane and serially connected perforated strips of variable width of a convex curvilinear shape, folded in a vertical plane in the longitudinal direction, curved along helical lines in the transverse direction and bent along notches, with beveled walls in the transverse-longitudinal direction, arranged in pairs at an angle of one to to the other, on both sides of the perforated strips on a convex mandrel with the formation along the perimeter of the helical drum of broken helical lines directed towards each other perforated screw and polygonal surfaces with the same variable pitch length of the drum; and concave helical drums are made of perforated strips of variable width of concave shape, folded in a vertical plane in the longitudinal direction, curved along helical lines in the transverse direction and bent along notches, with beveled walls in the transverse-longitudinal direction, located at an angle to one another both sides of the perforated strips on a concave mandrel with the formation along the perimeter of the screw drum of a concave shape directed towards each other broken helical lines and broken screws x perforated surfaces with variable pitch.

Images