RU2477249C1 - Method of assembling fireproof structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.SUBSTANCE: invention may be sued in making fireproof assembly units intended for storage and transportation of toxic, inflammable and explosive materials sensitive to mechanical pulses. Method uses vessel with complicated-shape bottom turned upside-down. Said bottom central zone is curved inside vessel while peripheral zone features bulged profile. In comprises also case embracing said vessel from outside and composed of hollow cylinder. Said case is fitted coaxially in annular groove of auxiliary device stationary base to make clearance between walls. Constant clearance in lengthwise direction is adjusted by auxiliary L-like inserts resting on vessel bottom. Heatproof elements between walls are formed by filling hardening composition in formed clearances between cylindrical case and vessel for filling with toxic and combustible materials. Said auxiliary L-like inserts are withdrawn to bring about vertical vibration effects. Then, heatproof element is formed at vessel convex-concave outer surface for filling toxic and combustible materials by arranging alternating layers of hardening composition and fabric layers. Produced assembly is subjected to vibration in vertical direction to tighten auxiliary cover with drain holes made therein and fabric material layer of density exceeding that of fabric gasket. Then formed heatproof elements between walls are hardened at temperature not exceeding 250°C with subsequent removal of auxiliary device, auxiliary cover, and auxiliary mounts. Hardening composition represents heatproof composite material containing in wt %: ashy microspheres - 30-40, sodium fluosilicates - 2.4-3.2, polyatomic alcohol - 1.2-1.6, liquid glass, a binder, making the rest.EFFECT: higher safety, non-polluting process.2 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl, 2 ex

Description

The present invention relates to the manufacture of fire-resistant assembly systems for storing, transporting toxic, flammable and explosive materials and can be used to prevent the unauthorized impact of environmentally hazardous materials on the environment.

There is a method of assembling a device for transporting combustible and toxic materials, according to which a liquid combustible material is placed in a tank equipped with flexible rods for establishing the equilibrium position of the device during transportation and support rollers on fastening devices, as well as elastic pads for tightness of the internal cavity of the device, the body of the device is made in the form of combined shaped modules with the formation of longitudinal corrugations (RF patent No. 2103213, IPC B65D 90/28, publ. 01.27.1998).

The disadvantages of the known device is not a sufficiently high degree of fire and explosion protection.

Known as the closest to the proposed method of obtaining a fire-retardant assembly system (RF application No. 97120486, IPC B65D 90/08, publ. 12/9/97), according to which a structure is assembled comprising a housing with a lid, with a container with toxic and combustible materials, equipped with heat-shielding inter-wall elements made in the form of a heat and fire protection screen (shell), painted with a heat-resistant reflective composition.

The disadvantages of the known device are the insufficiently high degree of safety of the structure filled with toxic and flammable materials, and low environmental safety when transporting or storing it under the influence of fire or mechanical loads.

The task of the authors of the invention is to develop an effective and efficient method of assembling a fire-resistant structure with toxic and flammable materials, with increased safety and a degree of heat and fire protection.

A new technical result provided by using the proposed method of assembling a fire-resistant structure is to increase the safety and degree of heat and fire protection of the structure, to increase environmental safety during transportation or storage under the influence of fire or mechanical loads.

These tasks and a new technical result are ensured by the fact that in the known method of assembling a fire-resistant structure, consisting of a housing with a container located inside this housing for filling toxic and combustible materials sensitive to mechanical impulse, equipped with heat-protective inter-wall elements, according to the invention, the tank for filling toxic and combustible materials, made in the form of a glass turned upside down with the bottom of a complex profile, the central zone of which is concave inside the container, and the peripheral zone has an outward convex profile, and the housing surrounding the container from the outside, made in the form of a hollow cylinder, is installed in an annular groove on the fixed base of the auxiliary device coaxially to each other with the formation of a wall gap, the constancy of which is regulated in the longitudinal direction by auxiliary L-shaped liners resting on the bottom of the tank, then form heat-protective interwall elements by pouring the cured composition into the formed the azoors between the cylindrical body and the container for filling with toxic and combustible materials, then remove the auxiliary L-shaped liners and carry out the vibration effect in the vertical direction, then form a heat-shielding element on the convex - concave outer surface of the container for filling with toxic and combustible materials by sequentially placing layers of cured composition and fabric pads, after which they carry out a vibrational effect on the resulting assembly in the vertical direction and then tightening the auxiliary cover, in which the drainage holes are made and a layer of fabric material is placed, the density of which is higher than the density of the fabric gaskets of the interstitial heat-protective element, using a system of auxiliary installation elements, then the formed heat-protective inter-wall elements are cured under heat treatment at a temperature of no more than 250 ° С followed by removal of the base of the auxiliary device, auxiliary cover, auxiliary lips new elements, after which the assembled fire-resistant structure is prepared for filling with toxic and combustible materials.

In addition, to implement the proposed method as a curable composition using a heat-flame-retardant composite material, which contains, wt.%: Ash microspheres 30-40, sodium hexafluorosilicate 2.4-3.2; polyhydric alcohol - 1.2-1.6, a binder - liquid glass - the rest.

The proposed method is illustrated as follows.

The drawing shows a General view obtained by the proposed method of a collapsible fireproof design, where 1 is the base of the auxiliary device with an annular groove, 2 is the container for filling with toxic and combustible materials, 3 is the housing, 4 is the auxiliary cover, 5 is the L-shaped insert, 6 is auxiliary installation element, 7 - inter-wall clearance for heat-protective element.

The specified fire-resistant design is assembled as follows.

Initially, they take a container 2, made in the form of a glass turned upside down with a complex profile bottom with toxic and combustible materials absent at the time of assembly, and a cylindrical body 3 and install them in an annular groove on the fixed base 1 of the auxiliary device coaxially to each other using Г -shaped inserts 5 and auxiliary mounting elements 6 in such a way that the housing covers the container outside the assembly with the formation of an inter-wall gap 7. The constancy of the gap in the longitudinal direction Adjusts by the auxiliary T-shaped shells 5, resting on the bottom of the container.

This mutual orientation of the housing 3 and the tank 2 with the help of the fixing elements contributes to higher stability and strength of the Assembly.

Then, heat-protective inter-wall elements are formed by pouring a heat-fire-retardant curable composition into the formed inter-wall gaps 7 between the cylindrical body 3 and the container 2 using vibratory action in the vertical direction, which is necessary to remove air inclusions and ensure a uniform structure of the cured composition.

After filling the inter-wall gaps 7, under the auxiliary cover 4, gaskets made of fabric material, for example gauze, are installed, which is necessary to prevent the material from cracking during curing by reinforcing the layer with threads of fabric material, a heat-protective element is formed on the convex-concave outer surface of the container to fill toxic and combustible materials by sequentially placing on it layers of a curable composition and fabric gaskets using vibrators onnogo impact.

Through the through holes in the auxiliary cover 4, the gaseous products of the curing of the heat-shielding composition are provided, which is used as a heat-resistant composite material, which contains, wt.%: Ash microspheres 30-40, sodium hexafluorosilicate 2.4-3.2; polyhydric alcohol - 1.2-1.6, a binder - liquid glass - the rest. A layer of fabric material is laid on the inner surface of the auxiliary cover 4, the density of which exceeds the density of the fabric gaskets of the inter-wall heat-protective element, for example, calico, which is necessary not only to prevent the liquid from flowing out through the drainage holes of the auxiliary cover 4, but also for the unhindered exit of gaseous products.

Then tighten the auxiliary cover 4 using the system of auxiliary mounting elements 6.

The curing of the composition is carried out according to a stepwise temperature regime with a rise in temperature to 250 ° C.

After the curing process is completed, the fire-resistant structure is disassembled with the removal of the base 1 of the auxiliary device, auxiliary cover 4, auxiliary installation elements 6, and then the assembled fire-resistant structure is prepared for filling with toxic and combustible materials through the neck of the container and its subsequent sealing.

To confirm the achieved technical result, the obtained fire-resistant design is subjected to control tests, the results of which are shown in table 1.

Thus, as verification tests have confirmed, the use of the proposed method of assembling a fire-resistant structure provides increased safety and the degree of heat and fire protection of the structure, increased environmental friendliness during transportation or storage under the influence of thermal or mechanical loads.

The possibility of industrial implementation of the proposed method is confirmed by the following examples.

Example 1. In laboratory conditions, the proposed method is implemented on a prototype of the proposed fire-resistant design.

Initially, the container 2 (see drawing), made in the form of a glass turned upside down, and the housing 3, made in the form of a hollow cylinder, is mounted on a fixed base 1 coaxially to each other. Form interwall gaps 7 between the housing 3 and the capacity 2 using the L-shaped inserts 5.

Then heat-protective interwall elements are formed by pouring a curable composition, which is used as a composition that contains wt.%: Ash microspheres - 30, sodium hexafluorosilicate - 2.4; polyhydric alcohol - 1.2, a binder - liquid glass - the rest, in the gaps 7 between the capacity 2 and the housing 3 using vibration exposure with a frequency of 30-40 Hz.

After filling the inter-wall gaps 7, 5 pieces of gauze are installed under the auxiliary cover 4 and a heat-shielding element is formed on the convex-concave outer surface of the container 2 by sequentially placing layers of the curable composition and fabric gaskets. Then, using the auxiliary mounting elements 6, the auxiliary device 1 is connected to the auxiliary cover 4. Then, the formed heat-protective inter-wall elements are cured under heat treatment at a temperature of not more than 250 ° C.

After curing the composition and cooling the assembly, the base of the auxiliary device 1, auxiliary cover 4, auxiliary mounting elements 6 are removed, after which the assembly of the fire-resistant structure is prepared for filling with toxic materials.

Example 2. In the conditions of example 1, the proposed method is implemented, but as the casting heat-shielding composition, the following composition was used,% wt .:

- ash microspheres - 40;

- sodium hexafluorosilicate - 3.2;

- polyhydric alcohol - 1.6;

- binder - liquid glass - the rest.

Table 1 shows the test results of the resulting assembly.

As experiments have shown, the use of the proposed method provides increased safety and the degree of heat and fire protection of the structure, increased environmental friendliness when transporting or storing it under the influence of thermal or mechanical loads.

Table 1. Implementation examples Density, kg / m ³ Heat resistance of the assembly (the presence of destruction under temperature effects from -50 ° C to + 50 ° C) Resistance to shock during overloads up to 100g for 3-7 ms, number of cycles Throw tests to failure Exposure without ignition in a fire at 550-600 ° C, min The complexity of the assembly, people / days one 2 3 four 5 6 7 Prototype 600 - - 6 - 24 The proposed method Example 1 550 No destruction 8000 12 No destruction 25 16 Example 2 600 No destruction 8000 12 No destruction 25 16

Claims (2)

1. The method of assembly of a fire-resistant structure, consisting of a housing with a container located inside the housing for filling toxic and combustible materials sensitive to mechanical impulse, equipped with heat-protective interwall elements, characterized in that the tank for filling toxic and combustible materials, made in the form of upside down the bottom of the glass with the bottom of a complex profile, the central zone of which is concave inside the tank, and the peripheral zone has a convex outward profile, and a body covering this tank the span outside, made in the form of a hollow cylinder, is installed in an annular groove on the fixed base of the auxiliary device coaxially to each other with the formation of a wall gap, the constancy of the magnitude of which in the longitudinal direction is controlled by auxiliary L-shaped inserts resting on the bottom of the tank, then heat-protective wall elements are formed by pouring a curable composition into the formed gaps between the cylindrical body and the container for filling with toxic and combustible materials then the auxiliary L-shaped inserts are removed and the vibration effect is applied in the vertical direction, then a heat-shielding element is formed on the convex-concave outer surface of the container to be filled with toxic and combustible materials by sequentially placing layers of the cured composition and fabric gaskets, after which a vibration effect is applied to the obtained assembly in the vertical direction, followed by tightening the auxiliary cover, in which the drainage holes are made, and a layer of fabric material whose density is higher than the density of the fabric gaskets of the interwall heat-protective element is replaced using a system of auxiliary installation elements, then the formed heat-protective inter-wall elements are cured under heat treatment at a temperature of no more than 250 ° C, followed by removal of the base of the auxiliary device, auxiliary cover, auxiliary installation elements, after which the assembled fire-resistant structure is prepared for filling current with combustible materials. 2. The composition of the curable composition for implementing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that it uses a heat-flame-retardant composite material, which contains, wt.%: Ash microspheres 30-40, sodium hexafluorosilicate 2.4-3.2; polyhydric alcohol - 1.2-1.6, a binder - liquid glass - the rest.

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