RU2476697C2 - Internal combustion engine with high restrictive characteristic and high load receiving speed - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: internal combustion engine includes two turbocompressors (2) and (3) with different adjustment, one of which (2) has a nozzle block with a larger cross section. Supply of exhaust gases to each turbocompressor (2) and (3) is performed via individual gas supply circuits (4) and (5) with connection pipeline (6). Shutoff devices (7) and (8) are installed in gas supply circuits (4) and (5). Inlet devices of compressors are combined with common branch pipe (12), from which parallel pipelines (13) and (14) with shutoff members (15) and (16) installed on them are branched. Driven supercharger (17) is installed on one pipeline (13). Gas flow controlling member (11) is installed after the turbine of turbomachine (3) with smaller cross section of nozzle block. Driven supercharger (17) located in one of parallel pipelines (13) is activated from an outside source.

EFFECT: increasing economy, power and reliability of the engine.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to engine building.

Known V-shaped internal combustion engine containing two turbocompressors of different settings with a separate supply of exhaust gases to them and a bypass pipe between the gas inlets (RF patent No. 2383756). The turbocharger is turned off by shut-off devices installed in the gas inlet pipe and the discharge cavity. The discharge cavity and the gas inlet of the non-shutting off turbocharger are connected by a pipeline with a shut-off device, and a bypass pipe is installed between the gas-receiving nozzle and the exhaust path with a device for discharging part of the exhaust gases in order to limit the speed of the non-shutting off turbocharger. In the gas inlets in front of each turbine, additional combustion chambers can be installed.

The specified technical solution has several disadvantages. The engine has two regulation zones. When moving from a zone of operation with one turbocharger to a zone of work with two turbochargers, a decrease in boost pressure and engine power is observed due to insufficient power developed by the included gas turbine of the turbocompressor in these modes. To compensate for the decrease in boost pressure during the transition from one zone to another and to achieve a high limiting characteristic, additional energy must be supplied to the exhaust gases in front of the turbine by the combustion chamber. The use of the combustion chamber is limited by the permissible temperature of the exhaust gases in front of the turbine.

The engine according to the present invention provides a high limiting characteristic without loss of power when turning on the second turbine by increasing the boost pressure.

The objective of the invention is to increase the power and efficiency of diesel engines operating in a wide range of loads and rotational speed of the crankshaft due to the fact that on the engine having two turbocompressors with different sections of nozzle apparatuses, shut-off devices are additionally installed, allowing for separate and joint operation of turbocompressors, and in individual engine operating modes - connecting a drive supercharger, due to which an increase in boost pressure is achieved, good agreement of the hydraulic engine and turbochargers, emergency stop is carried out.

This task is achieved by the fact that the internal combustion engine contains two turbocompressors with different settings, one of which has a larger nozzle section, the exhaust gases are supplied to each turbocompressor via separate gas supply paths with a connecting pipeline, according to the invention, shut-off devices are installed on the gas supply paths, compressor input devices are combined by a common pipe, from which parallel pipelines with shut-off valves installed on them organs, moreover, on one pipeline installed drive supercharger.

Behind the turbine of a turbocompressor with a smaller nozzle section, a gas flow regulating organ is installed.

A drive supercharger located in one of the parallel additional pipelines is switched on from an external source.

The drawing shows the main elements of the engine.

The V-shaped internal combustion engine 1 contains two turbocompressors 2 and 3, one of them, turbocompressor 2 has a larger section of the nozzle apparatus of the turbine (T), the other turbocompressor 3 is 25 ... 30% less than turbocharger 2. Supply of exhaust gases to each of the turbochargers is provided with separate gas supply paths 4, 5 connected by a connecting pipe 6. On the gas supply paths 4, 5, shut-off devices 7, 8 are installed, which enable each of the two turbocompressors to be switched on (off) and to ensure their joint th job with additional inclusion Regulator 11 for the turbocharger 3. To turn off each of the turbochargers are additional locking devices 9, 10 for pressure lines compressor (K).

The input devices of the compressors are combined by one common pipeline 12, two additional parallel pipelines 13, 14 are connected to it with shut-off bodies 15, 16 installed on them. A drive supercharger 17 is installed on the pipeline 13, which turns on if necessary.

In this case, the locking member 16 is closed, and the locking member 15 is open. When the engine is running without a drive supercharger, the shut-off member 16 is open and 15 is closed. For emergency engine shutdown provides for the closure of locking bodies (locking devices) 15, 16 and 9, 10.

Under static conditions in the low-speed region of the crankshaft, the engine 1 operates with a turbocompressor 3 having a smaller nozzle area, while the shut-off devices 7, 9 are closed and the shut-off devices 8, 10 and the regulating body 11 are open. The exhaust gases from the engine from both gas supply paths 4 and 5 enter the turbine (T) of the turbocharger 3, and gas from the path 4 enters through the pipe 6. If necessary, the drive supercharger 17 can be turned on to increase the boost pressure. At the moment the drive is turned on, the shut-off element 15 open, and the locking body 16 is closed. Air through the filter 18 enters the supercharger 17, where it is pre-compressed, then the air enters the compressor (K) of the turbocharger 3 and then through the charge air cooler (ONV) 19 to the engine receiver. Turbocharger 3 provides the engine in the low-frequency zone of rotation of the crankshaft (the first zone of operating conditions).

With an increase in the rotational speed of the crankshaft and torque, the turbocharger 2 with a large nozzle section is turned on, and the turbocharger 3 is turned off, while the shut-off devices 7, 9 are open, and the devices 8, 10 are closed. Turbocharger 2 provides the engine at medium speeds of rotation of the crankshaft (second zone of operating conditions).

When switching to operating modes close to nominal (the third zone of operating modes), a turbocompressor 3 is connected in parallel with turbocompressor 2, all shut-off devices 7, 8, 9, 10 are open. To limit the rotational speed of the rotor of the turbocompressor 3 and the redistribution of costs between the turbocompressors 2 and 3 is the regulatory body 11.

When switching from turbocharger 3 to turbocharger 2 (from the first zone of engine operating modes to the second) or when switching from turbocharger 2 to two at the same time 2 and 3 (from the second zone to zone three) due to a sharp increase in the total flow area nozzle devices there is a decrease in boost pressure.

To compensate for the decrease in boost pressure during the transition from one zone of operating modes to another during operation near the limiting characteristic and to accelerate transient processes, the drive supercharger 17 is turned on. If the air supply system provides the engine operating modes with turbochargers, the drive supercharger does not turn on.

The proposed internal combustion engine allows you to include in the operation of each turbocharger individually or both together, and, if necessary, connect a drive supercharger. At the same time, three engine operating zones are provided with high boost pressure, high restrictive characteristic and economy.

Claims (3)

1. An internal combustion engine containing two turbocompressors with different settings, one of which has a larger nozzle section, the exhaust gases are supplied to each turbocharger via separate gas supply paths with a connecting pipeline, characterized in that shut-off devices, input devices are installed on the gas supply paths compressors are combined by a common pipe, from which parallel pipelines with shut-off bodies installed on them, and on one pipe Gadfly mounted drive the supercharger. 2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that behind the turbine of the turbocompressor with a smaller section of the nozzle apparatus, an organ that regulates the gas flow is installed. 3. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive supercharger located in one of the parallel additional pipelines is turned on from an external source.