RU2476411C2 - Method of emulsion granulite preparation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ammonia-saltpetre explosive substances and can be used for preparation of emulsion granulite. Method includes crushing and dispersion of ammonia saltpetre with hot water, preparation of mixture of crude oil product with emulsifier, emulsification of obtained mixture, all actions being carried out in grinding-mixing disintegrator. After that, matrix emulsion is directed to reservoir, into which solid inflammable additive is supplied. As additive used is preliminarily magnetised powder of ferrosilicoaluminium.

EFFECT: method ensures high efficiency of emulsion granulite preparation due to high degree of dispersion in preparation of oxidation solution, reduction of mixture viscosity in preparation of oil phase, high rate emulsification with obtaining of "long-living" emulsion.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the simplest ammonium nitrate explosive substances (BB) and can be used to prepare emulsion granulite.

A known method of preparing a loose explosive substance (BB) based on ammonium nitrate, oil and aluminum powder, including processing in a mixer of ammonium nitrate with a petroleum product with the addition of aluminum powder, in a proportion determined by the conditions for blasting (Technology for the preparation and use of simple explosives / G.I .Tambiev, A.M. Beisebaev and V.Yu. Fadeev, etc. Under the editorship of G.I. Tambiev. - M.: IPKON RAS, 1996. - P.98-104).

The disadvantage of this method is the limited performance due to the cyclical nature of the mixer; the difficulty of obtaining uniformity of granules of ammonium nitrate and their shape, the inability to increase the density of the mass of more than 0.80-0.83 g / cm ³ ; the difficulty of retaining drops of oil on granules of ammonium nitrate for a long time; limited performance of explosives (AS-DT); high hygroscopicity.

The closest in technological essence to the claimed method is the method of preparation of emulsion granulite based on ammonium nitrate, an emulsifier oil product, solid combustible additives (aluminum powder), coal powder and polystyrene foam selected as a prototype (Technology for the preparation and use of simple explosives / G.I. Tambiev , A.M. Beisebaev and V.Yu. Fadeev et al. Edited by G.I. Tambiev. - M.: IPKON RAS, 1996. - P.120-121).

The prototype method has several disadvantages: the complexity of the hardware design of the technology for the preparation of explosives; mixers used to prepare an oxidation solution and a mixture of an oil product with an emulsifier cannot, on the one hand, provide a high degree of dispersion of the solution (aqueous phase), and on the other hand, an effective viscosity of the mixture (oil phase), the emulsifier used makes it difficult to obtain a “long-lived” emulsion.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of preparation of emulsion granulite, simplification of the technological scheme for the preparation of granulite, ensuring a high degree of dispersion in the preparation of the oxidation solution, lowering the viscosity of the mixture when preparing the oil phase of the emulsion, high-speed emulsification to obtain a "long-lived" emulsion.

The technical solution of the claimed object is that when grinding and dispersing ammonium nitrate with hot water, when preparing a mixture of an oil product with an emulsifier and to emulsify the resulting solution and mixture, a grinding and mixing disintegrator is used, after which the matrix emulsion is sent to a drive into which a solid hot additive, which is used as a powder of ferrosiliconum with its preliminary magnetization.

A method of preparing emulsion granulite is as follows (figure 1).

Without preliminary crushing of packed pieces of ammonium nitrate, 75% of nitrate and 25% of hot water (90 ° C) are fed to the disintegrator for grinding and dispersion. The processing mode (rotor speed, operating time) of the mixture is set based on the required dispersion of the oxidation solution (aqueous phase). The finished oxidation solution is sent to the supply tank 1, then the disintegrator is used to prepare a mixture of oil with an emulsifier in a ratio of 5: 2. An ANS 6 substance is used as an emulsifier. The composition mixing mode is selected depending on the desired density and viscosity of the mixture (low viscosity improves fluidity).

The finished mixture (oil phase) is sent to the supply tank 2. In the freed disintegrator from the supply tank 1 and tank 2, the aqueous and oil phases are pumped for emulsification. The mixing of the phases is carried out in a mode that provides a given density and viscosity of the emulsion. The mode of operation of the disintegrator is selected experimentally. The resulting matrix emulsion is sent to the drive, the same, in the required quantity serves powder of ferrosilicon (pre-magnetized). The components are mixed in a disintegrator at a reduced rotor speed. The prepared mixture is fed by a vane pump through a dispenser to the mixer, and ammonium nitrate granules are also fed there, where the cold process of obtaining emulsion granulite takes place.

Ready granulite is unloaded into a hopper or containers (bags) and sent for use in blasting.

The method is relatively simple in technical performance and more cost effective than the prototype method.

Claims (1)

A method of preparing emulsion granulite, including the use of ammonium nitrate, water, an oil product, an emulsifier and a solid combustible additive, characterized in that when grinding and dispersing ammonium nitrate with hot water, when grinding a mixture of an oil product with an emulsifier and to emulsify the resulting solution in a mixture, grinding is used mixing disintegrator, after which the matrix emulsion is sent to the drive, which serves a solid combustible additive, which is used as a powder of ferrosil Coaluminium with its preliminary magnetization.

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