RU2475342C2 - Device for electromechanical hardening of lather bed guides - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machining and is intended for hardening V-like, prismatic and flat lathe bed guides. Proposed device comprises posts arranged on lathe carriage saddles, holder with tool roller fitted on said post, and checkout gear. Said device is connected via electric cable with power transformer to make, together with lathe bed and tool roller, a common electric circuit. Lathe carriage is articulated with lathe feed box drive to allow its automatic displacement in lathe guides. L-like post is fitted in lathe carriage transverse saddles to displace therein and to turn about vertical axis. Holder with rotary tool roller is fitted in post smaller vertical arm outer side to position the holder and turn in steps along sector through angle of, at least, 90 degrees.

EFFECT: higher quality of hardening, expanded lathing performances.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for metalworking, in particular, it is intended for electromechanical hardening of V-shaped, prismatic and flat guides of the lathe bed.

Known tool heads for electromechanical surface treatment of products installed on various metal-cutting machines [1, 2], which include a holder with a working tool placed in it, fixed, for example, directly in the tool holder of a lathe, and supply cables of single-phase alternating or direct current . This design of the head allows you to get a solid and wear-resistant surface layer on the part.

The disadvantages of the head are:

- a significant complication of the technological process, for example, when processing flat surfaces of parts on a lathe;

- the use of a stationary tool roller during operation contributes to its increased wear;

- there is no possibility of processing the surfaces of the guides of the bed directly of the machine itself, both with its disassembly and without disassembly, in particular without removing the longitudinal support from the bed.

A device for processing guide rails [3] (according to the copyright certificate No. 691251, adopted as a prototype, see bulletin No. 38 dated 10/15/79), containing a rack mounted on the machine with the ability to move along the rails with a rotary traverse made of pivotally interconnected links and carrying the tool head. However, this device, in general, allowing to carry out the corresponding operation (grinding) of the bed guides, does not provide for the hardening of these guides, does not have wide versatility and simplicity of design.

The technical result of the invention is achieved in that the device for electromechanical hardening of the guides of the bed of the lathe includes a stand mounted on the transverse slides of the support of the machine, a holder with a tool roller mounted on the stand, and control and regulation equipment, while it is technologically connected by an electric cable to a power transformer forming a common electric circuit with the machine bed and the tool roller, and the machine support is kinematically connected to the gearbox drive innings machine for automatically moving it along the guide frame. The stand is L-shaped and placed on the transverse slide of the machine support with the possibility of its displacement along the plane of the slide and turn around the vertical axis, and the holder with a tool rotating roller is mounted on the small vertical shoulder of the rack from the outside with the possibility of positioning the position of the holder and its discrete rotation along the sector by an angle in the range of not less than 90 °, while the working surface of the rotating roller is made with a profile that provides regular microrelief on the surface rashnosti guides of a bed.

Figure 1 shows the design (General view) of the proposed device for electromechanical hardening of the guides of the bed of a lathe; figure 2 is a top view explaining the installation of the device on the slide in figure 1; figure 3 is a side view of figure 1.

The device consists of a base rack 1, made L-shaped. On a small vertically located shoulder of the rack 1 from the outside in the corresponding grooves (electrically isolated from the rack 1) with the possibility of positioning and discrete rotation in the sector by a predetermined angle in the range of at least 90 °, depending on the angle of inclination of the corresponding guide surface, a holder is installed 2.

The option of re-fixing the holder 2 relative to additional bases located at certain fixed angles (not shown) is provided.

The holder 2, in addition, has the ability to position its linear coordinate position along its own longitudinal axis. In the holder 2, a rotating tool roller 3 is mounted on the axis, the working surface of which is made with a profile to form a regular microrelief of the hardened surface. The rack 1 L-shaped is placed on the transverse slide 4 of the machine support with the possibility of its installation displacement along the plane of the slide 4 and the possibility of rotation of the rack 1 around the vertical axis of the slide 4 by 180 °, thus ensuring the hardening of various surfaces of the respective guides of the machine bed. Moreover, the machine support is kinematically connected to the drive from the feed box (not shown) to realize the automatic movement of the device along the guides of the bed, and the device is connected by an electric cable to the power transformer, forming a common electric circuit with the machine bed and the tool roller 3. On a power rack (not shown) is placed control and regulation equipment for current density, voltage, etc.

The device operates as follows: the rack 1 is placed and based on a circular groove on the transverse slide 4 of the lathe support (the upper support with a tool holder is previously removed from the machine). At the base of the rack 1, additional grooves are provided for this, providing reinstallation of the device on the slide 4.

On the small vertical shoulder of the rack 1, the holder 2 is fixed on the outside with the tool roller 3 installed in it. It is preliminarily oriented in the angle (according to the marks placed on the rack next to the grooves for mounting the holder 2) and in the axial direction relative to the guide surface “A”, providing contact of the working surface of the roller 3 with the mirror of the guide bed with a given force of 200-500 N (not shown on the indicator mounted on the holder 2). An electric roller of high density and low voltage is supplied to the tool roller 3, brought to the surface of the guide and moved at a speed of 0.8-1.5 m / min relative to it by means of the kinematics of the machine from the drive from the side of the feed box, from the power plant. In this case, the bed guide is the second electrode. As a result of the flow of a large force (for example, 800 A) through the contact zone of the roller 3 and the bed (for example, 800 A), the surface layer of the bed instantly warms up, plastically deforms and hardens (the depth of the heated metal layer, its plastic deformation is regulated based on the requirements of the technological process).

Before hardening of the surfaces of the guides B, C, D of the bed guides, respectively, additional adjustments are performed one by one, the holder 2 is placed in the corresponding position relative to one or another surface of the guides, and the position of the rack 1 relative to the transverse slide 4 is adjusted if the latter is not sufficiently moved. The procedure for hardening the guides is sequentially performed by a roller 3 located relative to the support on the machine, both from the side of the headstock and from the side of the tailstock. As a result of electromechanical hardening by a roller of the corresponding working profile on the machined surface of the guides, characteristic hardened tracks are formed with regular directed microrelief, which helps to maintain lubrication on the friction surface.

Thus, the use of the proposed technical solution for the electromechanical hardening of the guides of the bed of lathes reduces the material costs of this operation, provides a specific microrelief and structure of the hardened surface layer of the guides of the machine with improved dynamic characteristics for the node in the boundary friction mode.

Literature

1. Askinazi B.M. Hardening and restoration of parts by electromechanical processing. - L .: Mechanical engineering. - 1989. - 184 p.

2. Bagmutov V.P., Parshev S.N., Dudkina N.G., Zakharov I.N. Electromechanical processing: technological and physical foundations, properties, implementation. - Novosibirsk: Science. - 2003. - 318 p.

3. USSR copyright certificate No. 691251, class. B23C 1/20, 1979.

Claims (1)

A device for electromechanical hardening of the guides of a lathe bed, comprising a rack mounted on the transverse slides of the machine support, a tool holder with a tool roller mounted on the rack, and control and regulation equipment, while it is technologically connected by an electric cable to a power transformer, forming with the machine bed and a common electric circuit with a tool roller, and the machine support is kinematically connected to the drive from the machine feed box for automatic moving along the guides of the bed, characterized in that the stand is L-shaped and placed on the transverse slide of the machine support with the possibility of its displacement along the plane of the slide and turn around the vertical axis, and the holder with a tool rotating roller is mounted on the small vertical shoulder of the rack on the outside with the ability to position the position of the holder and its discrete rotation in the sector at an angle in the range of at least 90 °, while the working surface of the rotating roller is made with a profile, providing regular microrelief on the surface of the bed guides.

Images