RU2472680C2 - Unit for compaction of loose materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to chemical industry and may be used for compaction of fine loose materials disposed to adhesion. Proposed unit comprises bed, loading and unloading devices, and deformable chamber made of plates closed on sides by elastic blinds and provided with deformation mechanism. Plates are hinged at bottom to their drives located on said bed, lengthwise channels being made on inner surface while vibration devices are arranged on outer surface. Deformable chamber bottom accommodates chamber closing mechanism composed of cover provided with mechanism for its horizontal displacement.

EFFECT: higher quality of compaction, decreased sizes, power savings.

5 dwg

Description

The present invention is intended for use in the chemical industry for compaction of finely dispersed, prone to adhesion bulk materials.

A known unit for mixing and compaction of bulk materials containing a bed, loading and unloading devices, a deformable chamber, consisting of flat plates, pivotally connected to each other, and having elastic curtains from the ends. The deformable chamber is equipped with a deformation mechanism and a rotation device [RF Patent No. 2317140].

The disadvantages of this unit include the complexity of the design and the low degree of compaction caused by the swelling of the sealed material due to the expansion of the remaining gas in it.

Closest to the proposed invention is an aggregate for mixing and compaction of bulk materials, containing a bed, loading and unloading devices, a mixer, a sealing chamber made of 4 flat plates, hingedly connected to each other, the lower ones having material unloading windows equipped with a closing device and openings, and pivotally connected to the translational motion device. The upper plates are connected to the device for unloading from the housing, for example, through a lock gate and are equipped with gas outlet pipes, and the sealing chamber has corrugated elastic shutters attached to the plates from the ends [RF Patent No. 2311222].

The disadvantages of this unit include the complexity of the design and the decrease in the degree of compaction caused by the swelling of the sealed material due to the expansion of the remaining gas in it.

The objective of the invention is the creation of an aggregate for compaction of bulk materials of a relatively simple design having a high degree of compaction.

This object is achieved by the fact that in the aggregate for compaction of bulk materials containing a bed, loading and unloading devices, a deformable chamber made of plates closed laterally by elastic shutters and equipped with a deformation mechanism, the plates on the inner surface have longitudinal channels, on the outer vibration device, and in the lower part of the deformable chamber there is a closing device in the form of a cover with a horizontal displacement mechanism, and the plate in the lower part is pivotally attached They are attached to the mechanisms of horizontal movement installed on the bed.

Figure 1 shows the unit for compaction of bulk materials.

Figure 2 shows a view A.

Figure 3 presents the phase of complete compaction.

Figure 4 shows the time of unloading the compacted product.

Figure 5 shows a view of B.

The aggregate for compaction of bulk materials contains a frame 1, on which a deformable chamber is installed, consisting of plates 2. On the inner surfaces of the plates 2, vertical channels 3 are made to reduce friction and remove gas from the zones adjacent to the plates. The plates in the lower part are hinged to the installed ones on the bed 1 to the mechanisms of their horizontal movement 4. In the upper part of the plates there is a deformation mechanism 5, which is a hydraulic cylinder. The loading of the material to be sealed is carried out from the loading device 6. The compacted product is unloaded through the unloading device 7 located under the deformable chamber and representing a cover equipped with a horizontal displacement mechanism. To increase the degree of compaction and to ensure gas escape during the deaeration, vibrators 8 are installed on the outer surfaces of the plates 2. On the sides of the deformable chamber there are elastic shutters 9 preventing the material from moving in the lateral directions.

The unit operates as follows. The bulk material to be sealed flows from the loading device 6 into the internal cavity of the deformable chamber, formed by plates 2, elastic shutters 9 and the unloading device 7. At the time of loading, the cover of the unloading device 7 closes the gap between the plates 2, in the upper and lower parts of the plate are moved apart by a mechanism deformation 5 and the horizontal movement mechanism 4. After the loading process, the vibrators 8 and the horizontal movement mechanism 4 are turned on, while the lower parts of the plates begin to converge. When the plates approach each other, the material is densified in the lower zone of the deformable chamber. The gas generated during the deaeration process moves up through the unconsolidated material and is removed. From the zones located at the plates, the gas is removed to the upper part of the sealing chamber through vertical longitudinal channels made in the plates. The horizontal movement mechanism 4 stops and the deformation mechanism 5 is turned on, bringing the plates 2 together in the upper part. When the plates approach each other, gas is removed from the middle and upper parts of the sealing chamber. At the end of the compaction process, the finished product is unloaded. The lower parts of the plates are moved apart, the lid of the discharge device opens and the compacted material is removed from the deformable chamber. Next, the plates take their initial position and the process repeats.

Due to the fact that the compaction process occurs sequentially from the lower part of the deformable chamber to the upper one, the gas released during deaeration, moving upward through the unconsolidated material, is almost completely removed.

Due to the fact that longitudinal vertical channels are made on the inner surfaces of the plates, the material is prevented from creeping laterally during the compaction process, which positively affects the degree of compaction.

The proposed unit for compaction of bulk materials allows for low energy consumption and relatively small dimensions to provide a high degree of compaction.

Claims (1)

A unit for compaction of bulk materials containing a bed, loading and unloading devices, a deformable chamber made of plates, laterally closed by elastic shutters and equipped with a deformation mechanism, characterized in that the plates in the lower part are pivotally attached to mechanisms for their horizontal movement mounted on the bed, they have longitudinal channels on the inner surface, vibration devices are installed on the outer surface, and a closing device in the form of a cover with a mechanism is placed in the lower part of the deformable chamber displacement in the horizontal plane.

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