RU2471617C1 - Method of making composite face decorative boards - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture. Hardwood is selected in whatever composition and dried at 30-90°C for 14-30 days to moisture content of 6-9%. Dried timber is subjected to butt-end reducing to make 50-60cm-long different-diametre billets. Different-shape moulds are filled by made billets in arbitrary order and poured with fast-curing resin to fill all cavities between billets without air gaps. Note here that resin is premixed with different dyes and moulds are held unless hardening of resin. Blanks are removed from moulds and cut across fibres to plates to be used for gluing on solid substrate or used directly without gluing onto whatever substrate. Note here that glue used contains no water while gluing is carried out in clamp carrier. Thereafter, board is finished at grinding-and-polishing machine and coated with water-resistant lacquer applied in several layers, every layer being dried.

EFFECT: reduced labour input, ease of manufacture, higher efficiency.

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Description

The invention relates to the woodworking industry and can be used in the manufacture of end decorative panels used in the interior of rooms: floors, walls, countertops, furniture facades, etc.

A known method of manufacturing decorative plates from wood material [RF Patent No. 2062230, IPC Cl ⁷ B27M 3/04, publ. 1994], including cutting the churak of the required length from wood material, freeing the churak from the bark, drying the churak in the drying chamber with periodic steaming, sawing out the chunks of the bars, the cross-section of which looks like an equilateral regular polygon, grouping and gluing the bars into a bag in long longitudinal edges, laying the bag in the conductor and tightly tightening it, cross-cutting the glued bag into plates of a given thickness, grinding the end surface of the plates, varnishing or skom.

Disadvantages: low productivity, laboriousness, complexity and duration of the panel manufacturing process, low yield of finished products.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is a method of manufacturing an end decorative panel [RF Patent No. 2164429, IPC B27M 3/04, publ. 1999], including cylindering of churaks from coniferous and deciduous species of wood, impregnation of cylindrical churaks with water until they reach a moisture content of 80-120%, preliminary compression of cylindrical churaks along their entire length, shaping of blanks by contour pressing in profile forms, followed by drying in these the same forms, joining the blanks into a bag by gluing them along the longitudinal edges, followed by compressing the bag, sawing the bag into plates by format cutting the latter into elements, which are then glued onto SVA to give a decorative pattern, grinding panels, coating several layers of water-resistant varnish and then drying each layer.

Disadvantages: complexity, laboriousness and length of the process of producing panels due to the need to reject wood material after drying, preliminary calibration of churaks, i.e. giving them a cylindrical shape with a certain diameter, impregnating cylindrical churaks with water until they reach a moisture content of 80-120%, shaping in order to obtain blanks in the form of regular multifaceted prisms from cylindrical chura and high cost of the finished product.

The technical task of the invention is to develop a method of manufacturing composite end decorative panels, which eliminates the stage of rejection of wood material after drying, simplify and intensify the production process of end decorative panels, reduce the complexity of their manufacture, increase the decorativeness of panels, increase the operational properties (hardness, wear resistance) of finished products products, increase productivity, reduce their cost.

To solve the technical problem of the invention, a method for manufacturing composite end decorative panels is proposed, characterized in that hardwoods of deciduous trees, such as oak, beech, acacia, ash, birch, apple, etc., taken in any composition and ratio, the mixed wood material is dried at a temperature of 30-90 ° C for 14-30 days to a moisture content of 6-9%, then the dried wood material is subjected to cylindering and churaks of 50-60 cm in length of different diameters are prepared from it, the resulting workpieces they randomly fill out forms of various configurations: square, rectangular, rhombic, etc., the configuration of the forms and their sizes depend on the design and purpose, then the forms are filled with quick curing resin so that all voids between the churaks are filled with resin and not air gaps, and the resin, if necessary, is pre-mixed with various dyes, depending on the design and purpose, and can withstand forms with blanks until the resin has cured, while churaks are firmly bonded between battle, after which the preforms are removed from the molds, glued along the longitudinal fibers, cut across the fibers into plates of various thicknesses depending on the design and purpose, the resulting plates are used for gluing on a solid base of the required thickness: plywood, chipboard (wood chipboard), wood - fiber board (fiberboard), drywall, MDF, etc. or they are used for their intended purpose without gluing on any base, moreover, an adhesive that does not contain water is used for gluing, gluing on the base is done in a tape, the exposure time in the press is determined by the instructions for using the adhesive used, after gluing and exposure in the press, the panel is sanded grinding and calibration machine and cover with moisture-resistant colorless varnish or varnish of any color scale in several layers, followed by drying of each layer.

The technical result of the invention is to reduce the complexity of the manufacture of panels, simplify and intensify the process of their manufacture, to increase decorativeness, to increase productivity, to improve the operational properties of the resulting products.

Figure 1 presents the elements of the composite end decorative panels.

A method of manufacturing a composite end decorative panels is as follows.

Hardwood of deciduous trees, such as: oak, beech, acacia, ash, birch, apple tree, etc., taken in any composition and in any ratio, is dried at a temperature of 30-90 ° C, for 14-30 days humidity of 6–9%, the higher the drying temperature, the shorter the drying time, the dried wood material is cylinderized and churaks of 50-60 cm in length are prepared from it, the blanks obtained randomly fill out shapes of various configurations: square, rectangular, rhombic etc., configuration of forms and their times measures depend on the purpose, then the molds are filled with quick-curing resin so that all voids between the churaks are filled with resin and there are no air gaps, and if necessary, the resin is mixed with various dyes and the molds are held until cured. After curing the resin, i.e. after polymerization, from the shapes of the workpiece, glued along the longitudinal fibers, they are cut across the fibers into plates of various thicknesses depending on the design and purpose, for example, for furniture facades about 7 mm, the plates obtained are used for gluing on a solid base the required thickness: plywood, chipboard, Fiberboard, drywall, MDF, etc. or use without gluing on any base, then the thickness of the plates will be greater, for example, for countertops of at least 1.5 cm, moreover, glue that does not contain water is used for gluing, gluing on the base is carried out in a crochet, the exposure time in the press is determined by the instructions for the use of glue used. Get the panel, for example, in the form of a square, rhombus or rectangle of the desired size. After exposure to the press, they begin finishing operations. The panel is ground on a grinding and calibration machine and coated with a moisture-resistant colorless varnish or varnish of any color scale in several layers, followed by drying of each layer. The configuration of the forms and their sizes, the color of the resin and moisture-proof varnish and the thickness of the plates into which the blanks are cut, the color of the base onto which the plates are glued, depend on the design and purpose.

A method of manufacturing composite end decorative panels is illustrated by the following example.

For the manufacture of the end decorative panel, oak, apple, birch and acacia are used as wood material in an arbitrary ratio, the wood material is dried in a drying chamber at a temperature of 90 ° C for 14 days to a moisture content of 8%, cylinder on a lathe, kept in air in for 1 hour and cut out churaks 50 cm long, the resulting blanks of different diameters randomly fill a rectangular shape, fill it with epoxy mixed with brown dye, maintain the shape until the resin cures, then glued blanks are cut with a band saw across the wood fibers into 7 mm thick plates and glued to a wood-fiber board (Fiberboard), a sticker that does not contain water, KS-1, is used for the sticker, and a decorative panel is obtained, gluing to the base is done in the groove , exposure time 1 hour. Then the panel is ground on a grinding and calibration machine and three layers of moisture-proof colorless varnish are applied to the front side of the panel, followed by drying of each layer. The resulting decorative panel is presented in figure 1.

As can be seen from figure 1, the decorative panel looks colorful, while the production process is quite simple, less labor-intensive compared to known methods, which allows to intensify the production process of panels, increase productivity and reduce the cost of the finished product, in addition, the panel is quite durable for due to the use of hardwoods of deciduous trees and due to the fact that the blanks are filled with resin in such an amount that allows reliable bonding of wood material between each other.

The proposed method for the production of composite end decorative panels allows you to:

- increase decorativeness;

- reduce the complexity;

- simplify manufacturing technology;

- increase productivity;

- increase operational properties (hardness and wear resistance);

- extend the service life;

- reduce the cost.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing composite end decorative panels, characterized in that for their manufacture use hardwood hardwood, such as: oak, beech, acacia, ash, birch, apple tree, taken in any composition and ratio, the mixed wood material is dried at a temperature of 30 -90 ° C for 14-30 days to a moisture content of 6-9%, then the dried wood material is subjected to cylindering and churaks of 50-60 cm in length are prepared from it, of different diameters obtained by blanks randomly fill out various configuration shapes tion: square, rectangular, rhombic, the configuration of the shapes and their sizes depend on the design and purpose, then the molds are filled with quick-curing resin, so that all voids between the churaks are filled with resin and there are no air gaps, and if necessary, the resin is pre-mixed with different dyes, depending on the design and purpose, and withstand molds with preforms until the resin is cured, while churaks reliably stick together, after which blanks are glued from the molds glued along fibers, cut across the fibers into plates of different thicknesses depending on the design and purpose, the resulting plates are used for gluing on a solid base of the required thickness: plywood, chipboard, chipboard, drywall, MDF or used for its intended purpose without sticking to any base, moreover, glue that does not contain water is used for gluing, gluing to the base is carried out in a wipe, the exposure time in the press is determined by the instructions for use glue, after gluing and holding in the press, the panel is ground on a grinding and calibration machine and coated with a moisture-resistant colorless varnish or varnish of any color in several layers, followed by drying of each layer.