RU2469343C1 - Stand for adjusting and monitoring parameters of relay for signalling, centralising and blocking railway lines - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: stand consists of a basic unit, a device for connecting relay to be tested to the basic unit and a device for measuring time parameters of the relay being tested. Use of modern switching devices and electronic switchboard measuring instruments enabled to make the functional part of the stand compact. Owing to its compactness and relatively low weight, the disclosed stand is mobile, which enables to rapidly set up workstations when checking a relay at any standard stand. Use of miniature electromagnetic relays and SMD components - diodes and resistors, in the stand enabled to reduce electric power consumption.

EFFECT: uniformity of measurements of relay parameter owing to use of methods and measuring devices, in repair and maintenance sections of distances for signalling, centralising and blocking railway lines, which are identical to those used at the manufacturing plant, fewer sockets and connecting hoses and cords, low power consumption.

4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for testing and calibrating devices, in particular electromagnetic relays with contacts alternately opening and closing upon successive switching on and off of the electromagnet.

Known devices (Stand for testing the relay STsB, DA, KPTSh - RD32TSSh 03.07-90. General specifications; Stand for testing relays STsB, DA, KPTSH, upgraded SIM - STsB. - TU 32 TSSh 3691-93), designed for testing and repair of DC signaling relays, single-element alternating signaling relays, self-locking decoders YES and KPTSH code track transmitters, including the stand itself, consisting of a remote control panel, separate blocks for each type of tested parts, transformers, a sconce and a table lamp, a set of measuring instruments set sockets and connecting hoses and cords, stove, stand, table, bracket.

The disadvantages of these stands are their bulkiness: installation requires at least 3 square meters. m of free space, the total mass of all nodes and blocks is more than 250 kg, for each type of equipment under test there should be an individual unit for connecting to a measuring device with connecting hoses, cords and sockets, time consuming to reconfigure and control one unit of the equipment under test, high consumption electricity.

The objective of the invention is to ensure the uniformity of measurements of relay parameters due to the application of methods and means of measurement identical to those used at the factory in repair and technical sections of signaling distances, centralization and blocking of railways, to reduce the number of outlets and connecting hoses and cords, and to reduce the consumption of electricity.

This task and technical result are achieved through the use of modern electronic measuring instruments, miniature switching electromagnetic relays, DIN series connectors, SMD components - diodes and resistors located on printed circuit boards in the stand design.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the stand consists of a main unit, a device for connecting the test relay to the main unit and a time meter for the tested relay, while the main unit is a metal case with transformers, printed circuit boards, a power supply, and incandescent lamps located inside it, on the front side of the housing are measuring instruments, buttons for selecting the type of test relay, selecting voltage and current, measuring the transition resistance of the contacts of the test about relays, fuses, a laboratory autotransformer pen, a screen for highlighting a relay with a size of at least 200x300 mm with adjustable brightness, connectors for a device for connecting a test relay, and terminals for connecting external measuring instruments, and a device for connecting a test relay is rotated in a horizontal plane on angle of at least 200 degrees and with displacement in the vertical plane by at least 100 mm, equipped with a plug connector for mounting the test relay on it and control LEDs To close the circuit of each contact of the tested relay, arranged in two rows: the upper row indicates the status of the closing contacts, the lower row indicates the status of the NC contacts, a digital parameter meter is used to measure the time parameters of the tested relays, and all the components of the stand are placed on a standard table, and the stand is powered from an AC network with a voltage of 220 V, frequency of 50 Hz, and they use POBS transformers - 3MP, OSM - 0.63, ST - 4PM, ST - 5PM, a laboratory autotransformer TDGC 0,5, incandescent lamps with a power of 5, 10, 15, 25, 35 W, panel meters: DC voltmeter Щ 02, alternating current ЩП 02, DC ammeter Ш 02, power supply for electronic panel meters БПЛ 5-1 , millivoltmeter M 42305, ammeter M 42301, external measuring instruments: digital meter of time parameters of the tested relays CHI 2400, immitance meter, voltmeter, ammeter.

Figure 1 presents the main parts of the stand, figure 2 is the front side of the housing of the main unit of the stand, figure 3 is a device for connecting the test relay to the main unit. The stand (figure 1) consists of a main unit 1, a device 2 for connecting to the main unit 1 of the test relay and a time meter for the test relay 3.

Fuses 4, terminals 5 and 6 for connecting external measuring instruments, connectors 7 for the device for connecting the test relay, buttons for selecting control modes 8, 9, 10, 20, 21, the power supply of panel electronic devices 11, Shch02 12 direct current ammeter, ShchP02 13 direct current voltmeter, Shch02 14 direct current voltmeter 14, relay 15 highlight screen, M42305 type millivoltmeter 16, M42301 17 ammeter, panel of buttons for selecting contact groups of tested relays for measuring transient resistance 18, p PFA laboratory autotransformer 19, "Network" switch 22.

The device 2 (Fig. 3) for connecting the test relay to the main unit 1 of the stand includes a housing 23 in which a receptacle 24 for installing the test relay is placed, two rows of LEDs 25, the housing is mounted on a rotation axis 26 connected to a height adjustment screw 27 for movement in the vertical plane and the threaded sleeve 28, through the connecting strip 29, the housing of the device 2 is supported by a support disk 30.

The proposed stand works as follows.

The stand for regulating and monitoring the parameters of the alarm relay, centralization and blocking of railways allows, without removing the tested relay from the device to connect to the main unit, to adjust the gaps, contact pressing, simultaneous closing and opening of contacts with subsequent control of the voltage of attraction and release of the armature, time of attraction and release anchors, transition resistance of the closing and opening contacts of the alarm relay, centralization and blocking type NMSh1, NMShM1, NMSh2, NMShM2, NMSh . . It is possible to test AOSH-180 / 0.45, AOSH2-1 relays in blinking mode with a choice of lamp power depending on the type and mode of relay testing and in double voltage reduction mode, and OMSh2-46 relays are checked with a cold and hot filament , and also carry out control on "sticking".

Before starting work on the stand, you need to make sure that all buttons are in the off position, and device 2 must be connected to the main unit 1.

When button 22 is pressed, the mains voltage (~ 220 V, 50 Hz) is supplied through one of the fuses 4 to the primary winding of the transformer type OCM1-0.16 (not shown in the diagram), from the secondary windings of which the obtained voltages of 12 and 24 V AC are supplied to the rectifier board (not shown in the diagram) of the main unit 1. A rectified voltage of 12 V is used to measure the transition resistance of the contacts of the tested relay by an indirect method, and a rectified voltage of 24 V is used to power the backlight of the buttons for selecting control modes 8, 9, 10, 2 0, 21 and power supply of miniature electromagnetic relays designed for switching control circuits and placed on printed circuit boards inside the main unit 1 of the stand.

Adjustable voltage from the laboratory autotransformer 19 is supplied to the primary winding of the POBS-ZMP transformer (not shown in the diagram). It is possible to switch voltages from the secondary windings of the POBS-ZMP transformer or directly to the power circuit of the tested relays or to a rectifier (not shown in the diagram) to obtain the corresponding constant voltages.

Choose the type of current (alternating or constant) depending on the type of relay under test and the voltage range for applying to the windings of the relay under test when checking it. Use the buttons from rows 8, 9, 10 to select the switching of the relay windings (first coil, second coil, series connection of coils, parallel connection of coils) to prepare the necessary supply circuits for the windings of the relay under test, depending on the test circuit.

If you need to use external measuring devices for measuring voltage or current, you must use the corresponding button "Internal" or "External" from row 20 (figure 2).

To check the currents and voltages of the actuation and release of the relay, it is necessary to turn the knob 19 of the laboratory autotransformer to obtain values recorded using the built-in measuring instruments 12, 13, 14 or external, connected to the terminals 5 and 6 of the measuring instruments.

By rotating the knob 19 of the laboratory autotransformer, the voltage or current equal to the overload depending on the type of the tested relay is supplied to the coils of the tested relay.

Smoothly reduce the voltage or current until the moment of opening all the closing contacts in the tested relay and fix the value of the voltage or release current.

Further, the voltage or current is reduced to zero, the power circuit of the tested relay is interrupted for a short time, and then voltage or current is applied to the coils of the tested relay in the same direction, gradually increasing it by turning the knob 19 of the laboratory autotransformer until the relay arm is fully pulled. Fix the value of the voltage or current tripping.

After changing the polarity, the voltage or current of the test relay with the reverse polarity is measured on its coils in the same way as in the previous process.

To measure and adjust the contact pressure, select the display mode for this type of tested relay. In this case, the leftmost lamp on the relay connection device (Fig. 3) will glow when the front contacts “82-81” or the rear contacts “81-83” are closed, depending on the position of the relay armature. The remaining lamps will light up similarly when the corresponding contacts are closed.

The contact resistance of the contacts of the tested relay is measured by the indirect method (voltmeter-ammeter method) by pressing the R-x button or by direct measurement using a milliometer.

Choose one of the measurement methods. Each button Rx on the panel 18 corresponds to a pair of contacts "11-12", "11-13" and so on, to be measured. When measured by the indirect method, for example, by pressing the “11-12” button of the corresponding pair of contacts, a current of 0.5 A should be established on the ammeter 17, and the voltage in millivolts is counted on the millivoltmeter 16. Values of the actual transient resistance are calculated by the formula:

,

,

where U is the voltage by millivoltmeter, V; I - ammeter current, A.

To measure the release time or response time of the tested relay, select the "Slow" mode for this type of tested relay, while the relay power must be turned on. The switches T1, T2, T3, T4 located on the digital meter 3 time parameters CHI 2400 (Fig. 1) select the necessary mode: mode T1 is designed to check for the first contact closure, and mode T3 for the first open. Switching the power of the tested relay in these modes is carried out by the “Start” toggle switch of device 3 ЧИ2400 (Fig. 1). Having set the rated voltage or current using the handle 19 of the laboratory autotransformer, turn on the “Start” toggle switch on the device 3 CHI2400 (Fig. 1) and, at the end of the countdown, record readings characterizing the state of the tested relay.

Thus, the proposed stand is a compact device, consists of three functional blocks with a total weight of about 25 kg. The use of modern switching devices and electronic panel meters allows the functional part of the stand to be compact. The selection and change of control modes of the tested relays is carried out by switching the corresponding buttons located on the front side of the main unit, which also displays the measurement results, which is convenient for the operator. The proposed stand, due to its compactness and relatively small mass, is mobile, which will quickly organize workplaces for relay testing on any standard table. The use of miniature electromagnetic relays, SMD components - diodes and resistors in the design of the stand allows to reduce the electric power consumed from the network.

Claims (4)

1. A stand for regulating and monitoring the parameters of the alarm relay, centralization and blocking of railways, including a control panel, a unit for checking decoder cells, a device for repairing and testing relays, a set of measuring instruments, a set of sockets and connecting hoses and cords, a plate, a stand, bracket, table, characterized in that the stand consists of a main unit, a device for connecting the test relay to the main unit and a time meter for the test relay, while the main unit is a meta A case with transformers, printed circuit boards, a power supply, incandescent lamps located inside it, measuring instruments, buttons for selecting the type of relay to be tested, voltage and current, measuring the contact resistance of the contacts of the tested relay, fuses, laboratory autotransformer handle are placed on the front side of the case, screen for highlighting the relay with a size of at least 200 × 300 mm with adjustable brightness, connectors for the device to connect the tested relay, as well as terminals for connecting external measuring instruments, and the device for connecting the test relay is rotatable in the horizontal plane by an angle of at least 200 ° and moving in the vertical plane by at least 100 mm, is equipped with a plug connector for installing the test relay on it and LEDs for monitoring the circuit of each contact of the test relays arranged in two rows: the upper row indicates the status of the make contacts, the bottom row shows the status of the make contacts to measure the time parameters of the tested relays they use a digital parameter meter, and all the components of the stand are placed on a standard table, and the stand is powered from an AC network with a voltage of 220 V, frequency of 50 Hz. 2. A stand for regulating and monitoring the parameters of the alarm relay, centralization and blocking of railways according to claim 1, characterized in that the POBS-3MP, OSM-0.63, ST-4PM, ST-5PM and laboratory transformers are located inside the main unit body autotransformer TDGC 0.5, as well as incandescent lamps with a power of 5, 10, 15, 25, 35 watts. 3. The stand for regulating and monitoring the parameters of the alarm relay, centralization and blocking of railways according to claim 1, characterized in that on the front side of the main unit body there are panel meters: a direct current voltmeter of type Щ02, an alternating current voltmeter of type ЩП02, a constant current meter current type Shch02, power supply unit of electronic panel meters BPL5-1, millivoltmeter type M 42305, ammeter type M42301. 4. The stand for regulating and controlling the parameters of the alarm relay, centralization and blocking of railways according to claim 1, characterized in that as an external measuring means use a digital meter of the time parameters of the tested relay CHI 2400, an imitation meter, a voltmeter, ammeter.

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