RU2461174C1 - Cutting agricultural machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in machines for harvesting herbage plant and stem crops. Cutting device contains a frame with two cutting blades mounted on it one above the other and making oncoming traffic. The cutting blades are made in the form of endless traction elements, stretched on the leading and trailing pulleys. On the endless traction elements with one fastener the cutting segment blades are attached. All knifes of the segment blades of the upper endless traction element have edges with smooth sharpening, and knifes of the segment blades of the lower endless traction element have a notch.

EFFECT: invention provides a quality slice of plant mass.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to machines for mowing plants and stem crops.

Known cutting devices containing an endless traction element with knives, opposing elements and drive [1, 2]. The disadvantage of these cutting devices is that the traction element is a chain that requires constant lubrication, as well as noise operation and high metal consumption of the structure.

Also known is a cutting apparatus of an agricultural harvesting machine, including a driving and driven elements, enveloping their endless traction element with cutting segments fixed to it, a fixed beam with opposing plates and a drive, the drive having a directional control valve with reverse direction of movement [3]. But in view of the presence of a passive opposing plate, a large stubble bending occurs, resulting in a point load on the cutting element, which is a disadvantage of all rusting devices having fixed opposing plates.

Closest to the invention is a cutting apparatus comprising a beam with lower guide rails mounted on top of it, between which two cutting knives are mounted [4]. The disadvantage of this cutting apparatus, as well as others with reciprocating motion of the knives, is the presence of inertia forces that require additional energy.

The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of the technological process of cutting, reducing metal consumption.

This goal is achieved in that the oncoming movement of the endless traction elements ensures a high speed of movement of the cutting knives (up to 10 m / s), and also increases the productivity of the cutting apparatus.

By increasing the speed of movement of the cutting knives, making the oncoming movement, the cutting speed is increased, which allows the machine to work at higher translational speeds.

It is known that from the point of view of energy expenditures for a certain part of plant species, it is preferable to mow with knives with smooth sharpening, and for other species with notched sharpening. The designs of existing cutting devices do not allow in the process of working to rebuild their knives and counter plates in relation to specific conditions, which leads to additional costs of energy and labor. This type of cutting apparatus is applicable not only for mowing grassy plants, but also for artisanal stem crops, as it has a reverse movement and different sharpening of segment knives of the upper and lower endless traction elements.

The invention is illustrated by drawings: in figure 1 shows a General view of the cutting apparatus, figure 2 is a fragment of the cutting apparatus in figure 1, figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic actuator.

The cutting apparatus contains a frame 1 on which two cutting knives 2 are mounted one above the other, made in the form of endless traction elements tensioned on the leading 3 and driven pulleys 4. The endless traction elements are driven by a hydraulic motor 6 and a two-way directional control valve with reverse direction control movement. Segment knives 6 and 7 are fixed on two endless traction elements, and the segment knives are fastened with the help of a fixing element 8 in one place with a guaranteed gap between adjacent segment knives, which allows reducing the size of the driving and driven pulleys. All blades of the segment knives 6 of the upper endless traction element have edges with smooth sharpening, and the blades of the segment knives 7 of the lower endless traction element have a notch, providing a qualitative cut of the plant mass.

The cutting apparatus operates as follows.

The drive through the driving pulleys 3 feeds continuous oncoming motion to two cutting knives 2, made in the form of endless traction elements with segment knives 6 and 7. Segment knives 6 and 7 fixed to endless traction elements pinch the stems of the plants and cut them off. The notch on the edges of the segment knives 7 of the lower endless traction element prevents the stems from pushing out of the cutting pair. In this case, the operator using the valve can change the direction of movement of the cutting knives to the required for a particular crop, while the driven pulley 4 becomes the leading one.

Information sources

1. Patent RU No. 2064232, IPC A01D 34/83, application 93006343/15, 03.02.1993. Myshko A.V., Utyapov R.Sh.

2. Patent RU No. 2224405, IPC A01D 34/83, application 2002114302/12, 05.31.2002. Shikhin I.N.

3. Patent RU No. 2299549, IPC A01D 34/83, application 2005137503/12, 12/01/2005. Tavasiev P.M., Gappoev T.T., Bideeva I.Kh, Bideev S.I.

4. Patent RU No. 21266619, IPC A01D 34/13, A01D 34/17, application 97113501/13, 08/06/1997. Pautov P.I.

Claims (2)

1. The cutting apparatus of an agricultural machine, comprising a drive, a frame on which two cutting knives are mounted one above the other, characterized in that the cutting knives are made in the form of endless traction elements with segmented knives, wherein the segmented knives are attached to the endless traction element by one fixing element element with a guaranteed gap between adjacent segmented knives, while all the blades of the segmented knives of the upper endless traction element have edges with smooth sharpening, and the blades are segmental entent knives of the lower endless traction element - with a notch. 2. The cutting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive of the cutting knives is equipped with reverse control of the direction of movement.

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