RU2460295C1 - Fertiliser-pesticide mixture for applying under cereal crops - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture. Fertiliser-pesticide mixture for cereal crops contains liquid nitrogen fertilisers (UAN-32), water, cowboy super and kinmix with the following component ratio, wt %: (UAN-32) - 30.0-40.0; cowboy super - 0.11-0.20; kinmix - 0.2-0.5, water is the rest up to 100.

EFFECT: invention enables to reduce the rate of application of herbicide, to reduce the pesticide load on the environment.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural production, in particular to methods of protecting crops of grain crops from weeds and pests and the application of nitrogen fertilizers.

Intensive grain cultivation technologies provide for the sequential, according to the stages of plant growth and development, use of pesticides and fertilizers, from 7 to 13 treatments of plants during the growing season. The number of these technological operations can be reduced by replacing 2-3 treatments with one, since the timing of the application of pesticides, fertilizers and biologically active substances often coincides and can be used in the form of mixtures.

Known methods of treating cereals with herbicidal-herbicidal, herbicidal-fungicidal (RU 2306703, RU 2116027, RU 2084151, RU 2106782), insect-fungicidal (RU 2059367 C1) mixtures, taking into account thresholds of harmfulness of harmful objects, short-term forecasts and signaling of their appearance , distribution and development in order to reduce the multiplicity of plant treatments and increase their biological effectiveness, expand their spectrum of action and prevent resistance.

They also find use in fertilizer-pesticidal (RU 2059367) mixtures, which, along with pesticides, include soluble solid and liquid mineral fertilizers that enhance the action of pesticides.

The use of mixtures taken as a prototype provides a reduction in pesticide application rates by 10-30% without reducing biological activity, expanding the spectrum of damage to harmful objects, and reducing costs by combining technological operations for cultivating crops.

It should be noted that the “List of pesticides and agrochemicals approved for use in agriculture of the Russian Federation” is annually updated with new highly effective pesticides that differ in chemical composition, ineffective preparations with low biological activity and economic efficiency are excluded from it.

In recent years, to control weeds, including problematic weeds, the herbicide Cowboy-Super, a water-glycol solution of diethylethanolammonium salts of dicamba and chlorosulfuron, widely produced by the Kirovo-Chepetsk company, has been widely used to control weeds. The introduction of ethoxylate instead of water increased the rate of penetration of the active substances of the herbicide into weed plants, that is, the herbicidal activity of the drug compared to the previously produced Cowboy (RF patent No. 2040179).

For non-root top dressing of grain crops in Russia (since 1986), liquid nitrogen fertilizers (UAN) are widely used - a solution of urea and ammonium nitrate (TU-113-03-27-52-83) (Application of a mixture of solutions of urea and ammonium nitrate in rural economy. - M .: IN "Agropromizdat", 1988).

In this regard, the technical task of the invention is the development of a new composition of fertilizer-pesticide mixture with higher biological activity compared to the separate application of the starting components (fertilizers and pesticides), which allows to reduce the application rate of the herbicide, environmental pollution. The agrotechnical basis for the use of nitrogen fertilizers and pesticides for cereals in the form of mixtures is the coincidence of the timing of their application [Integrated use of fertilizers in adaptive-landscape farming in the Non-Black Earth Zone of the European part of Russia (practical guide). - M .: RAAS, VNIIIA, 2005, - 160 p.].

The technical result of the present invention is to increase the effectiveness of the herbicide, reduce the application rate by 25% of the minimum recommended, reduce by 60% the operating costs and labor costs for the cultivation of crops due to the combination of technological operations of non-root roots with nitrogen and the application of pesticides.

The problem is achieved in that the fertilizer-pesticidal mixture containing liquid nitrogen fertilizers (KAS-32) and water, according to the invention additionally includes a cowboy super and kinmiks in the following ratio of components, wt.%: (KAS-32) - 30,0- 40.0, super cowboy - 0.11 ... 0.20, kinmix - 0.2 ... 0.5, water - the rest is up to 100.

The technology for preparing a fertilizer-pesticide mixture for applying on 10 ha of crops (consumption rate of the working solution is 200 l / ha).

Example 1

1/3 of the volume of water is poured into the sprayer tank (2000 l), 721.2 l of CAS with a density of 1.3 g / cm ³ are added, mixed, 1.1 l of super cowboy, 2 l of kinmix and water are poured until completely filled.

Example 2

1/3 of the volume of water is poured into the sprayer tank (2000 l), KAS-32 in the amount of 721.2 l with a density of 1.3 g / cm ³ is added, mixed, 1.5 l of super cowboy, 2 l of kinmix and water are filled until completely .

Field experiments to evaluate the biological and agronomic effectiveness of fertilizer-pesticide mixtures were carried out in KlinAgro LLC of the Klinsky district of the Moscow region in accordance with current regulatory documents.

In the experiment, the effect of two mixtures introduced into the tillering phase of winter wheat was compared, wt.%:

Fertilizer-pesticidal mixture No. 1. (KAS-32) - 30.0 + super cowboy - 0.15 + kinmix - 0.20 + water - the rest is up to 100

Fertilizer-pesticidal mixture No. 2. (KAS-32) - 30.0 + super cowboy - 0.11 + kinmix - 0.20 + water - the rest is up to 100

The results of field experiments showed that the cowboy’s herbicidal activity is almost equivalent in the studied mixtures, i.e. the proposed mixture No. 2 allows to achieve the task: to reduce the super cowboy application rate by 25% of the minimum recommended due to the established effect of synergism of pesticides and liquid nitrogen fertilizer, to increase the environmental safety of protective measures.

Table 1 Biological and agronomic effectiveness of fertilizer-pesticidal mixtures in field experiments with winter wheat Experience Options The average yield of winter wheat, t / ha % weed death Fertilizer-pesticidal mixture No. 1 40,4 98 Fertilizer-pesticidal mixture No. 2 39.5 95

The invention also solves the problem of reducing operational, capital, reduced and labor costs for introducing chemicals by 66, 94, 85, 40%, respectively, by combining the technological operations of fertilizing winter wheat with nitrogen fertilizers and introducing plant protection products compared to their separate application ( table 2).

table 2 Economic evaluation of the technology of separate application of liquid nitrogen fertilizers and pesticides and their mixtures in the production experiment in LLC KlinAgro of the Klin district of the Moscow region Indicators Experience Options one 2 3 KAS-32 at a dose of 30 kg / ha of nitrogen + super cowboy (0.15 l / ha) + kinmix (0.2 l / ha) - separate application to the tillering phase Fertilizer-herbicidal mixture No. 1 - introduction into the tillering phase Fertilizer-herbicidal mixture No. 2 - introduction into the tillering phase Labor costs for the introduction of chemicals, people - h / ha 0.703 0.279 0.279 Costs of applying UAN and pesticides, rub / ha: operational 166.3 66.0 66.0 capital 237.2 94.1 94.1 given 213.9 84.8 84.8 Savings on the purchase of pesticides, rub / ha 23.0 * - minimum recommended dose, l / ha

Thus, the results of field experiments and studies of the biological and agronomic efficacy of a mixture of pesticides and CAS-32 prove that the invention allows to achieve the goal - to reduce the rate of herbicide by 25% when introduced as a mixture due to the synergistic effect of the mixture, are simultaneously reduced by 60% operating costs and labor costs for the protection and top dressing of crops due to the combination of technological operations, reduces the technological load on the environment.

Claims (1)

Fertilizer-pesticidal mixture for crops containing liquid nitrogen fertilizers (KAS-32) and water, characterized in that it additionally includes super cowboy and kinmix in the following ratio, wt.%:
(KAS-32) 30.0-40.0, super cowboy 0.11-0.20, kinmix 0.2-0.5, water the rest is up to 100.