RU2460136C2 - Mobile ground-based special system for receiving and processing images - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: information technology.

SUBSTANCE: mobile ground-based system for receiving and processing images further includes a receiving radio channel of the L-range and a transceiving radio channel of the S-range, through which transmission of control commands to a spacecraft can be carried out, which enable to adjust orbit parameters, spatial orientation and adjustment of on-board equipment to optimise conditions for receiving information. The system is provided with a scheduling system for displaying on the ground map a potential viewing band and capturing the spacecraft at an arbitrary moment in time, mark captured areas of interest, prepare command packets for transmission to the spacecraft and transmit control commands during a communication session with the spacecraft in order to raise the speed of capturing the earth surface of interest.

EFFECT: broader functional capabilities of receiving and transmitting information, increase in quality thereof and rapid control of spacecraft.

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Description

The invention relates to telecommunication technology and can be used for direct reception / transmission and processing of data from an attracted spacecraft (SC) remote sensing of the Earth (ERS).

The closest in technical essence to the proposed invention, which resolves the issues of providing the ability to quickly obtain information from the spacecraft using ground-based receiving equipment delivered to the desired point on the Earth, is the Mobile 5.4-meter transported system of the ground-based X-band receiving station "Eagle Vision" .

The mobile ground receiving station contains a satellite information reception system as part of an antenna complex consisting of a multi-section collapsible mirror antenna, a rotary support device, and a control system. The composition of the mobile ground receiving station includes a personal computer with software that allows you to calculate the ephemeris of the selected spacecraft and its trajectory, calculate the conditions for the spacecraft to pass through the radio access zone and the direction of the signal from it, to automatically and manually control the operation of the antenna-rotary complex, as well as automatic control of the entire system.

The Eagle Vision mobile ground receiving station contains GPS navigation equipment and a time reference system.

The Eagle Vision mobile ground receiving station contains a Cassegrain 16-section antenna system with a diameter of 5.4 meters, located on a car trailer and mounted on a lifting single-bearing installation. In the transport position, all sections are located in the slots on the trailer board, and when the system is deployed, they are interconnected using fast-locking mechanisms located on each panel and providing quick assembly and disassembly of the reflector.

The configuration of the support device provides movement both with respect to the Y axis and the X axis.

The mobile device is fully autonomous and provides stable operation when deployed.

In the design of the reflector, a fast-locking mechanism is used, which provides quick assembly and disassembly of the reflector.

Panels are stored in racks on board the trailer during transport. Designed for transportation using an S-130 or similar aircraft, the system also meets the requirements for road transport.

The station has a high speed of deployment and folding - 2 people for 3 hours.

The unique single-bearing device provides alignment with high precision and efficiency.

High G / T signal to noise ratio is ensured by the use of double-shaped optics.

The location of the X- and Y-axes of the support eliminates the "dead zone" near the zenith.

The station receives signals from all satellite sensors.

The design of the trailer (trailer) is designed specifically for loading on an S-130 aircraft and is adapted for towing by various vehicles.

Station setup includes alignment of the trailer with the included corner sockets, lifting a one-post installation that automatically tracks the movement of the antenna, preparing for the assembly of the reflector. Sixteen reflector panels, removable and stored separately during transportation, are fastened with quick lockable devices located on each panel (in this case, no hardware for installation and assembly and no disassembly tools are required).

The supporting device with the antenna and the feed mechanism rises to the working position, using a special mechanism on the trailer (trailer).

The control system contains a Pentium-based PC with Windows NT compatible software for various applications

The control system implements:

- automatic updating of ephemeris data;

- preliminary mission planning;

- automatic detection of progress;

- automatic data integrity analysis system;

- determination of the direction of the signal;

- satellite capture and tracking;

- software path definition;

- integrated control of the antenna system.

Station specifications:

- a reflector with a diameter of 5.4 m, consisting of 16 aluminum segments.

- type of antenna - Cassegrain on a single-support installation with auto tracking;

- frequency range - 8.025-8.5 GHz;

- noise figure of merit - at a frequency of 8.025 GTZ - 31.00-31.5 dB / K;

- type of polarization - RHC;

- axial ratio - 1.0 dB maximum;

- tracking accuracy - 0.05 °;

- servo control modes - manual, slave, scanning, auto tracking, software maintenance;

- limits of movement on each axis - electrical 91 °, mechanical 90 °;

- speed of movement on each axis - 5 ° C;

- acceleration - 5 ° C.

Working conditions:

- temperature range outdoor equipment -30 - + 55 ° C; internal equipment 10-30 ° C; - humidity outside one hundred%; internal 85%: - wind speed working 95 km / h; limit (the antenna is directed to the zenith) 180 km / h

The objective of the claimed invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the known complex and the expansion of functionality.

The technical result is an extension of the functionality of receiving and transmitting information and improving its quality.

To achieve the technical result in a well-known mobile ground-based special complex for receiving and processing images, containing a transportable communication station with spacecraft, including a receiving system consisting of an antenna complex equipped with a collapsible antenna, which allows for quick deployment and coagulation on the ground, of a rotary support device , irradiator, transceiver, leveling device, control and monitoring system; a computerized system for processing incoming information and preparing control commands for the spacecraft, a data transmission system, on-board navigation GLONASS / GPS equipment, according to the invention, for expanding the functionality of receiving and transmitting information, improving its quality and operational control of the spacecraft, to the antenna complex an L-band receive radio path and an S-band receive-transmit radio path have been introduced, with which it can be carried out before By sending control commands on board the spacecraft that allow for the correction of its orbit, spatial orientation and on-board equipment settings to optimize the conditions for obtaining information (operational transfer of tasks or adjusting their settings for shooting areas of interest), the complex is equipped with a planning system for display on a map terrain potential range of the spacecraft’s survey and shooting at an arbitrary moment in time, mark the survey areas of interest, prepare omandnye packets for transmission on board the spacecraft, and to transfer control commands during communication with the spacecraft to increase the recording efficiency of interest of the earth's surface.

In addition, in order to increase the accuracy of tracking the movement of the spacecraft and minimize the time it takes for the complex to aim at the spacecraft, the antenna-rotary complex contains an irradiator with couplers having two types of radiation pattern - total and difference, which are processed by identical low-noise amplifiers converters, and the difference signal is transmitted to the input of the planning and control system of the antenna-rotary complex, which includes a board automatically signal capture and auto-tracking of the spacecraft, which forms the control signal and transmits it to the electric drive system of the antenna-rotary complex, while the newly introduced radio channels of the L and S bands are implemented due to the developed combined irradiator and transceiver subsystems.

In order to improve the quality of information processing, the complex contains one or several automated workstations of operators equipped with a highly efficient complex of general and special software that allows on-site complete multi-level processing of incoming information and transfer of finished products in the form of electronic maps, digital terrain models and other formatted information directly to the consumer on devices such as a personal digital assistant with integrated navigation onnym receiver.

In order to increase the battery life of the system in remote areas, the survivability of the system and resistance to external weather and climate influences, the equipment of the complex is located in a sealed compartment of the container body, which includes highly reliable life support systems, collective protection and autonomous power supply and a filter-ventilation device.

In order to increase the efficiency of data transmission to external users, the mobile complex contains a satellite terminal for high-speed data reception and transmission, which ensures the transmission of processed information directly to the consumer to end devices such as handheld personal computers, while ensuring information security and multi-level protection against unauthorized access.

In order to more fully and efficiently meet the needs of consumers of finished products, the mobile complex contains a special device that provides for the collection, storage, automatic search and transmission of the required information at the request of consumers through a satellite communication terminal.

In order to ensure work with other moving objects, the mobile complex contains a special device that provides scheduling, monitoring and control of these moving objects with the possibility of coordinate-time reference and their display on electronic maps.

In order to ensure the possibility of working with spacecraft for remote sensing of the Earth, meteorological support, mapping, monitoring for various purposes, the receiving path of the mobile complex contains a decoding device that provides satellite signals in different frequency ranges with all kinds of signal modulations.

In order to significantly speed up the process of preparing for communication sessions with spacecraft for remote sensing of the Earth, meteorological support, mapping, monitoring, the mobile complex contains special GLONASS / GPS equipment, which allows several times to reduce the alignment process of the antenna complex.

In order to ensure the safety and security of work, the mobile complex contains a special GLONASS / GPS terminal that allows you to monitor its condition, the operation of subsystems, and, if necessary, prevent unauthorized actions of personnel and other persons using the operator’s remote workstation.

In order to ensure work from a given point on the surface of the Earth, the mobile complex is located on a transport base that allows traffic on any type of road and cross country, and also provides the ability to travel by air, rail and water.

In order to ensure autonomy of work, the mobile complex contains a universal power supply system that allows you to work both from an industrial electric network and from an autonomous diesel generator located inside the vehicle, on a special mount that reduces vibration of the container as a whole.

A mobile ground-based special image acquisition and processing complex (MNSC) is designed to solve the following problems.

1. Delivery of equipment and maintenance personnel to the venue of the communication session with the remote sensing spacecraft.

2. Deployment of the complex, on-line setup and adjustment of equipment for conducting a communication session with remote sensing spacecraft.

3. Planning for communication sessions.

4. Reception of video information from the board of a remote sensing spacecraft in the X and L frequency bands.

5. Telemetry reception and transmission of control commands on board the spacecraft in the S-band.

6. Assessment of the quality of received video information.

7. Processing of video information.

8. Registration and storage of processed video information.

9. Providing high-speed two-way satellite communications with external users for the subsequent transfer of information.

10. Transfer of processed information to end users, including the transfer of real-time information to mobile wearable devices in real time.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

figure 1 depicts a functional diagram of a mobile ground special complex;

fiu.2 - functional diagram of the antenna-rotary complex;

figure 3 - the transport base of the mobile complex in the transport position;

figure 4 - transport base of the mobile complex in the expanded position.

A mobile ground-based special complex (Fig. 1) contains an information receiving system 1, which includes an antenna-rotary 2 complex (AIC), a receiver (demodulator) 3, and a control and monitoring system 4; planning and control system (AIC) 5, which includes a planning workstation 6, board 7 for automatic signal capture and spacecraft auto tracking; information processing system 8, including one or more workstations of 9 operators; system 10 for recording and storing information; a communication and data transmission system 11, including a router 12, a satellite communication system 13 with external subscribers, an automated antenna post 14, a monitoring and navigation system 15, including an on-board navigation terminal 16 with a GLONASS / GPS 17 antenna.

Antenna-rotary complex (AIC) 2 contains (Fig. 2) an antenna system 18 constructed according to the Cassegrain scheme, a three-axis slewing rotary device 19 with an electric drive system 20, an irradiator of X- and S-bands 21, with a coupler 22, from which it is removed the total signal and the coupler 23, from which the difference signal is taken, identical low-noise converters (MSN) X and S of ranges 24 and 25, an irradiator of the L-band 26, a low-noise amplifier (LNA) of the L-band 27, the radio receiving path 28.

The AIC functionally is a mobile, tri-band, full-rotary antenna system 18, equipped with a slewing rotary device 19 for leveling and deployment, providing external and internal control modes. Structurally, the AIC is built on an automobile trailer (Fig. 3), which includes a container body 28 with an antenna satellite communication system 14, a trailer 29 with a chassis frame 30, on the base of the platform of which an antenna system 18 with a device 19 is installed.

On the basis of the platform (Fig. 4), the components of the mirror system of the antenna system 18, the leveling mechanism 31, the device 32 of the inclination of the slewing-rotary (OPU) device 19, the deployment mechanism 33 of the OPU are installed and the cabinets with radio equipment are installed, stacking for antenna reflector panels, cable reels, counterreflector suspension and ZIP-O kit. Mechanisms 31 and 33 provide the agro-industrial complex deployment in the working position and folding in the stowed.

During operation, the agro-industrial complex may be in the following positions: transport (traveling) and working (deployed).

In the stowed position, the agro-industrial complex is a car trailer 29, on the platform of which the metal structure of the collapsible antenna system 18 is mounted, mounted in the stowed position and sheathed. coils and are fixed in front of the platform. During transportation and storage of the AIC, the metal structure of the antenna system is closed with an awning and sealed.

In the working position of the transport (marching) agribusiness is translated by deployment. In the working position, the AIC is a tri-band transceiver antenna system 18, providing guidance of the mirror antenna, receiving, filtering, amplifying and converting the received signals to an intermediate frequency. The stable position of the agro-industrial complex in the working position is ensured by three jacks of the platform leveling system 31. After the agro-industrial complex is deployed, the mirror system is assembled: the reflector panels are installed, the counter-reflector suspension or the L-band irradiator is assembled and installed, the necessary cable connections are made.

The leveling of the trailer platform is carried out manually from the deployment and leveling console. A block of levels is installed on the trailer platform, with the help of which the platform is leveled.

The information receiving system 1 is designed to provide direct reception from the spacecraft of an information stream from 150 to 500 Mbit / s during a communication session.

The information receiving system 1 allows you to solve the following tasks:

- manual control of all the main components of the system when it is configured and controlled;

- brief automatic control of the station’s functioning at each load and before the start of each reception session;

- calculation of the passage schedule of satellites through the station visibility zone;

- the ability to enter data transfer schedules from outside;

- automatic activation of the application and the station for receiving data in accordance with both schedules;

- automatic programming of all station nodes to the satellite transmission format specified in the schedule;

- calculation of the satellite trajectory and antenna control while tracking the satellite during the reception session;

- formatting the received data stream, writing it to the PC hard drive and displaying it on the PC display;

- transfer of prepared packages on board the spacecraft to control the spacecraft systems;

- continuous indication and registration of the status of all the essential parameters of the station and the received stream.

The information receiving system 1 contains electronic, electromechanical, and mechanical units that interact in concert under the control of software. Some system functions are performed only by software.

Remote sensing spacecraft data is transmitted in the form of a phase-modulated radio signal in the range of 8.0 ... 8.4 GHz (X-band). This radio signal is received by the parabolic reflector of the antenna system of the AIC and is directed by it to the irradiator located at the focus of the antenna. The irradiator collects and selects the radio waves of the desired polarization, and transmits them to the input of a low-noise amplifier-converter (MSR). The MSRD amplifies the input signal, converts it into an intermediate frequency signal (720 MHz or 1.4 GHz) and transfers it to the input of the receiving device 3.

Some types of spacecraft remote sensing (meteorological) transmit a radio signal in the range of 1.0 ... 1.7 GHz (L-band) - low spatial resolution data.

An S-band communication channel is used to transmit on-board telemetry information to the Earth and receive control commands from the Earth to the ERS spacecraft.

Mirror antenna system 18 consists of a main parabolic mirror and an auxiliary mirror (counterreflector). The mirror system has a collapsible design, consisting of a base with a central part of the mirror, eight peripheral panels, elements for installing a counter-reflector suspension, or an L-band irradiator. At the base of the main mirror, an irradiator column with X and S-band irradiators and a receiving path is installed.

The antenna system 18 is equipped with two types of irradiators that are optimized for receiving signals with right and left circular polarization in two-mirror antenna systems. The first irradiator 21 is designed to receive high-resolution data transmitted from remote sensing satellites in the X-band and to receive telemetric information in the S-band. The same channel can, if necessary, be used also for transmitting control commands to the satellite. The second irradiator 25 is intended for remote sensing transmitted from meteorological satellites in the L-band. This irradiator is installed in the focus of the antenna reflector using special inclined rods.

The two-channel irradiator 21 receives and transmits signals of the X and S range on orthogonal circular polarizations. The basis of the two-channel irradiator is the X-band horn irradiator. The irradiator provides the formation at its outputs of a useful signal (direct channel) and an error signal (differential channel) to ensure auto tracking mode. The irradiator is built on the basis of a ribbed multimode horn excited by a circular waveguide that supports the propagation, in addition to the main mode TE ₁₁ , of the highest mode TE ₂₁ .

It consists of a horn in the form of an open end of a circular waveguide with a diameter of 105 mm, a polarizer and a polarizing tee. In order to ensure the installation of the X-band horn, the removal of emitters from the focal axis was ~ 130 mm. The main advantage of this irradiator is that the reception / transmission signals are separated in emitters with a sufficiently high level of isolation, and the reception and transmission channels are separated by microblocks: by a conventional adder and divider. In this case, the divider is developed to the required power level.

In addition to the horn, the X-band irradiator includes an error signal excitation device, consisting of a TE ₁₁ mode coupler 23, six double T-bridges made on a waveguide with a cross section of 28.5 × 12.6 mm, and a 90 ° polarizer on a circular waveguide with a diameter 30 mm, waveguide slotted bridge, waveguide matched loads and connecting waveguides. The coupler 22 of the TE ₂₁ mode is made on a circular waveguide with a diameter of 44.7 mm and a length of 510 mm. The excitation of each of the eight arms is carried out by 29 rectangular communication holes.

The operation of the irradiator is based on the principle of excitation in the horn emitter and mode coupler of higher types of electromagnetic waves, along with the main wave for a circular waveguide. The output circular waveguide and the mode coupler waveguide have an increased cross section, which ensures the propagation of higher types of waves in a circular waveguide. A wave of the highest type is excited in the irradiator when the front of the electromagnetic wave of the signal arrives in a direction different from the direction of the maximum of the radiation pattern formed by the distribution of the field of the main wave. Thus, a difference radiation pattern formed by a wave of the highest type has a zero level in the center and two identical maxima offset from the maximum of the total radiation pattern.

The highest type wave in the circular waveguide of the mode coupler 22 through the communication holes excites the main wave types for the rectangular waveguide in eight lateral arms. The lateral shoulders of the coupler 22 terminate on both sides with connecting flanges. The waveguide side outputs located near the input of the coupler 22 are loaded with matched waveguide loads to absorb spurious signal components. The waveguide side outputs located near the direct output of the coupler 23, the signals received through the differential channel are branched. The coupler 23 has eight lateral shoulders, which ensures efficient power take-off of the components of the highest type of wave along the separation channel. Further, the components are in-phase pairwise summed on double T-bridges. At the outputs of the bridges, radiation patterns of the difference channel in the E and H planes are formed. The signals of the separation channel from the outputs of these T-bridges are fed to the inputs of the slotted bridge, which provides polarization selection of signals of the left or right direction of rotation. The signals of the difference channel of the right polarization are fed to the output of the slotted bridge.

In the design of the dual-band feed, four dual-channel S emitters are used, located around the X-band horn, the signals from which are fed to the adder.

The electromagnetic wave X of the frequency range coming from the source of radio emission is reflected from the surface of the parabolic mirror, the surface of the counter-reflector and is focused at the focus of the mirror, in which the X-band irradiator is open. The electromagnetic wave L of the frequency range coming from the source of radio emission is reflected from the surface of the parabolic mirror and is focused at its focus, in which the L-band irradiator is located. The signals received by the irradiator of the corresponding frequency range are subject to (depending on the range) power, frequency selection, and amplification limits. From the output of the irradiators, signals of the corresponding frequency range are transmitted via radio-frequency cables to the RPT rack.

The radio signal is received by the parabolic reflector of the antenna system 18 and is directed to the irradiators. The irradiator 21 collects and selects the radio waves of the desired polarization in the X-band S-band.

In the design of the irradiator 21 X- and S-bands, couplers 22 and 23 are introduced, from which the total and difference signals of the X-band are removed.

The total signal of the X-band, carrying useful information, is transmitted to the input of a low-noise amplifier-converter (MSPR) 24.

The difference signal of the X-band, necessary to ensure operation in the autocapture and auto-tracking mode of the spacecraft, is transmitted to the input of an identical ballast 25.

MLR 24 and 25 amplify the signals, converts them into intermediate frequency signals (720 MHz or 1.4 GHz).

The irradiator 26 transmits radio waves in the L-band to the input of a low-noise amplifier LNA 27.

From the outputs of the ballast 24 and 25 and the LNA 27, the signals are fed to the inputs of the radio receiving path (RPT) 28.

In RPT 28 there is a formation of signals of the direct channel (useful signal) of the auto-tracking channel for the formation by the control system of the control commands of the EPA along the azimuth and elevation axes.

From the outputs of the RPT 28 useful signals of the X- and S-range are fed to the input of the receiving device 3, and the differential signal is fed to the input of the AWP 6 of the planning and control system of the AIC 5. After additional processing, the information is transmitted to the autocapture and auto-tracking board of the spacecraft 7, which forms the control the signals received at the input of the electric drive system 20 of the antenna-rotary complex 1.

Data transmission from DEZ satellites can be carried out in two modes. Direct broadcasting - the captured data is continuously transmitted from the satellite to the Earth without their accumulation on board. Dumping mode - survey data are accumulated onboard the SC and according to the schedule the necessary data are dumped at the desired point on the Earth.

To receive and transmit data from the spacecraft, a tracking antenna system is required. Tracking is carried out by mechanical rotation of the antenna system in the direction of the spacecraft. Rotation of the antenna system provides a slewing rotary device (OPU) 19 with electric drives 20.

During the reception of data on known orbital elements of the spacecraft, the position that the antenna system should occupy at each time the satellite passes through the system’s field of view and the speed at which the antenna should move is calculated. The actual position of the antenna system is determined by the position meter using the sensors installed in the OPA 19. Given the mismatch between the calculated and current positions of the antenna, as well as the characteristics of the specific OPU 19, the control program calculates the value of the necessary speeds of the OPU 19 and transmits it in the form of codes to pulse-width modulator (PWM). In PWM, these codes are compared with the actual speed codes received from the speed sensors of the control amplifier 19. Based on the comparison results and the signals from the end sensors of the control amplifier 19, the pulse-width modulator generates control pulses, which are amplified by a power amplifier and supplied to the electric motors of the electric drive system 20 of the antenna system.

The unique design of the antenna system illuminator allows you to reduce the lengthy procedure for aligning high-frequency equipment to one hour by using the technology of automatic signal capture and auto tracking of the spacecraft according to the signal level. The advanced functionality of the complex, using a three-band signal reception and transmission equipment, provides an additional opportunity to control the spacecraft (sending commands to the spacecraft in the S-band to adjust the orbit of the spacecraft, for example, in order to achieve the most favorable conditions for space imaging of an object and obtaining better information).

As a receiving device 3 in MNSC, a block is used that converts the information received from the remote sensing satellite from analog into a digital signal for subsequent computer processing.

A receiver (receiver) is capable of receiving and processing a signal from an antenna system in the frequency range from 720 MHz to 1.2 GHz, converting an analog signal into a digital one and outputting information directly to the workstation using TCP / IP protocol. The receiving device is capable of processing telemetry in real time, has a high speed of recording information on the built-in medium, using an intermediate buffer. The receiving device is capable of performing post-processing and decoding, digital filtering and signal equalization, transferring up to 2 GB of information to the AWP 9 of the information receiving and processing system 8.

The receiver 3 is designed for broadband data reception in the L, S, X-band of frequencies and transmission in the S-band. This equipment is a versatile and reliable digital high-speed modulator / demodulator. The powerful architecture on a one-piece chassis provides the user with the ability to receive data at high speeds. The receiver has the following specifications:

- input frequency: 2 × 720 MHz + 200 MHz, 1 × 1.2 GHz + 300 MHz

- carrier synchronization range + 10 kHz to + 1 MHz

- demodulation and bit synchronization

- supported schemes BPSK, QPSK, O / S QPSK, A / U QPSK, 8PSK, GMSK, 16 APSK, 16 QAM

- bit rate of reception from 500 kbit / s to 2 Gbit / s

- deterioration of BER (error bit rate) <1 dB at 1 Gbit / s, there is a built-in BER

The receiver allows filtering signals in the modes of static cable compensator and self-adjusting compensator

The receiver allows decoding of signals: light-4D-TCM (communication channel multiplexer) (2/3 and 2.5 / 3); Viterbi: Stacked Viterbi (SNUG).

The signal processing post can be carried out according to the following algorithms: LDPC 7/8 Nasa, LDPC 1/2 Nasa (AR4JA), Reed Solomon (DVB, CCSDS 223, CCSDS 239).

The receiver has an expanded set of functionality:

- turbo decoding

- communication processor (FEP)

- real-time data recording at all supported speeds

- internal memory for data storage: 1Tbit

- external plug-in memory for data storage: from 3 to 12 TB

- programmable frame synchronizer and derandomizer

- control and display unit for quick telemetry viewing

- real-time data output via TCP-IP (up to 2x1 Gb / s)

- data output of different times (storage and sending) over TCP-IP.

The use of a receiver as part of the MNSS allows the complex to receive information from spacecraft for various purposes, using radio signals of various ranges and types of modulation to transmit information.

The planning and management system of AIC 5 is designed to solve the following problems:

- management of the operation of MNSK systems;

- development and monitoring of plans of MNSK;

- receiving the planned schedule of sessions via an external communication channel, receiving information from the spacecraft and target designations for MNSK;

- receiving satellite meteorological information;

- management and continuous monitoring of the state of the antenna system throughout the communication session.

The structure of the planning and management system of the agro-industrial complex includes an automated workplan of planning, a control board, an auto-tracking board according to the signal level from a remote sensing satellite, a software for planning communication sessions and antenna control.

At the beginning of the operation of the antenna complex, the AIC planning and control system identifies and adjusts the antenna system, activates the antenna settings (azimuth, elevation, range of angles and orientation of the APU, the current position of the antenna, step-by-step antenna movement, rotation coordinates, antenna parking).

Before the start of the session, the trajectory of the spacecraft is automatically calculated and loaded, the drive is turned on, and the antenna device goes to the starting point of the spacecraft tracking. After the antenna has moved to the starting point, the operator is informed that the antenna is ready for operation. The setup of the receiving device is automatically turned on and the reception of information starts, after which the received information is recorded on the hard drive. At the end of the session, a session passport is automatically created, which is necessary to obtain information about the session (satellite name, latitude, longitude, altitude, settings files, time zone and the amount of received information). The operator is notified of the end of the session.

At the end of the session, the operator receives a report on the received sessions. The information processing system 8 is intended for unpacking, a preliminary assessment of the quality of information reception during a data discharge session from the remote sensing spacecraft, and subsequent processing of the received data in special software modules.

The information processing system includes one or more automated workstations of operators 9, depending on the volume and complexity of the specific tasks to be solved.

The information processing system 8 allows for multi-level processing of incoming information.

At the first stage of processing, the obtained data are unpacked, the quality of the received information is evaluated and displayed, and the material is prepared for quick viewing on the operator’s monitor.

At the next stage of information processing, the recovery of faulty information and its geographical reference are carried out.

At the final stage of information processing, orthophotomaps are created with high accuracy of the location, stereo images are processed, topographic maps of various scales are created and updated, three-dimensional terrain models are created.

Based on the stereo pair processing, three-dimensional relief models are constructed.

Orthophotomaps are created in specialized software products using a digital terrain model, highly detailed data from a remote sensing satellite and a set of GPS / GLONASS reference points. According to a planimetrically accurate image (orthophotomap), the interpretation of terrain objects (topographic objects and special-purpose objects) is performed.

Based on the data obtained at the previous stages, an electronic map is created in specialized software products with current topographic information and an updated terrain.

Using the wide capabilities of the hardware and software, the operating personnel can not only receive the image from the satellite, but also carry out all the procedures for processing, geo-referencing and decrypting the image of any complexity, and maintaining the archive.

Special means of high-speed satellite communications make it possible to transfer the results of work to consumers, while ensuring multi-level information security of data.

The system of registration and storage of information 10 provides the user with the ability to store both raw and processed data received from various satellites in a single database.

The system of registration and storage of information 10 includes a database designed to store an array of data up to 20 TB; automated storage and registration of data in the database; storage of attribute information together with data.

In order to more fully and efficiently provide consumer requests for finished products, the information recording and storage system 10 contains server software that provides for the collection, storage, automatic search and transmission of the required information at the request of consumers through a satellite communication terminal.

The communication system and data transmission 11 is designed to exchange data with external users.

The main tasks of the communication and data transmission system are internal data exchange between MNSC workstations via LAN, data exchange and voice communication between MNSC and external users, information security of transmitted data.

The system includes the equipment of a local area network (LAN), combining all the computers that make up the MNSC, equipment for the security of data transmission (router) 12, equipment for long-distance communication and data exchange 13 with external users.

The task of routing and ensuring information security of data transmitted to external subscribers can be performed by the Cisco router, as well as the built-in router of the VSAT equipment.

Cisco routers protect your network from external intrusions by performing the functions of a firewall with packet inspection, antivirus protection, schedule control, URL filtering and connection authorization.

The management of the Cisco router can be carried out on the basis of the integrated Cisco IOS operating system or through the WEB interface. A set of predefined configuration scripts simplifies administration.

Cisco routers provide advanced VPN connectivity based on public networks to create secure communication channels between remote offices. Cisco supports up to 50 concurrent VPN tunnels with hardware-based encryption of transmitted data.

Data exchange and reliable communication with external users can be ensured, for example, using the VSAT equipment set (satellite Internet).

VSAT technology differs from traditional types of Internet connection. VSAT networks are built on the basis of geostationary relay satellites. This makes it possible to simplify the design of subscriber terminals as much as possible and equip them with simple fixed antennas without a satellite tracking system. A satellite receives a signal from an earth station, amplifies it and directs it back to Earth. The most important satellite characteristics are the power of the airborne transmitters and the number of radio frequency channels (trunks or transponders) on it. To ensure operation through small-sized subscriber stations such as VSAT, transmitters with an output power of about 40 watts are required.

The VSAT equipment includes an automated antenna post 14 with an antenna with a diameter of 1.2 m (consisting of: mirror, irradiator, slewing ring, rods), which is located on the roof of the car; 2 W transceiver; satellite modem Hn 7000.

The system terminals are designed for round-the-clock operation, while ensuring the guaranteed operating time of the station - at least 140,000 hours.

The equipment includes: an integrated communication security system (availability of an integrated router), built-in TCP accelerators, a chassis for installing an antenna - 1321 mm long, 559 mm wide.

The equipment is distinguished by low total energy consumption (no more than 120 W in active mode), low transmitter power (2 W), full compatibility with channel-forming equipment for organizing SCPC channels - CDM-570L and CDM-600L, the ability to remotely diagnose a station with a central control center.

Operator maintenance of the station is minimized;

The main technical characteristics of VSAT:

- the operating frequency range for transmission is 13.75-14.5 GHz;

- the working frequency range for reception is 10.95-12.75 GHz;

- the antenna is direct focus, offset;

- the mass of the antenna is 92 kg;

- antenna diameter 1.2 m;

- antenna height (in the expanded state) 1727 mm;

- operating temperature range for the antenna from -32 ° С X to + 55 ° С, for indoor units from 0 ° С to + 40 ° С;

- the speed of rotation of the antenna in elevation 2 ° per second;

- antenna rotation speed in azimuth of 10 ° s second;

- power supply: 100-240 V.

This equipment provides voice communication and Internet access via a communication satellite, in particular a satellite located in geostationary orbit, for transmitting voice messages and data packets in the satellite coverage area.

Monitoring and navigation system

The monitoring and navigation system 15 "TRITON" provides continuous online monitoring of MNSK at low operating costs through the use of modern mobile wireless communications technology and professional navigation and communications equipment.

The composition of the monitoring and navigation system 15 includes a handheld personal computer (industrial design); airborne terminal 16 Triton Compact, Triton Advance; GLONASS / GPS antenna 17.

The monitoring and navigation system 15 solves the following tasks:

- continuous determination of the display on the monitor of the coordinates of the location of MNSC, speed, course and exact time from the navigation GLONASS / GPS terminal.

- continuous monitoring of MNSK and nodal units; determining the location, course and speed of movement;

- ensuring traffic safety of MNSC;

- continuous monitoring and identification of dishonest personnel of MNSC;

- prompt transfer of information from MNSK to the workplace of the operator of the dispatch center and CPC command staff;

- immediate response to unauthorized opening of MNSK and the launch of power units;

- ensuring compliance with the operating conditions of MNSK, identifying and suppressing the overload of individual units and assemblies.

GLONASS / GPS equipment included in the MNSC is designed to solve the following problems:

- continuous determination of one's own location;

- precise geodetic reference for pointing the antenna;

- Definition of the exact UTC universal time.

The Triton Advance on-board terminal includes: GPS or GLONASS / GPS-receiver, backup power supply, built-in memory, driver identification system, CAN interface (SAE Л 939), RS-485 interface, a large set of discrete and analog sensors of the technical state of operation modes and security status of the transport system.

The terminal provides operation in the modes (CSD, GPRS, SMS); two-way voice communication, sleep mode, setting via SMS.

The transport base of the mobile complex (figure 3) performs the tasks of transporting equipment and maintenance personnel to the venue of the planned communication sessions with the remote sensing spacecraft.

The basis of the transport system is a tractor based on the chassis of both a domestic car, KAMA3-43118 with a turbocharged diesel engine, and on the basis of imported cars, which allows you to move both on roads of all types and in difficult terrain, which gives the complex advantages over its analogues.

To accommodate equipment and maintenance personnel, a sealed container body 28 is used.

The body - container 28 of model 573606 on the KAMA3-43118-0001098-10 chassis is designed to provide mobile movement, operation in points remote from the home, at an ambient temperature of -10 to + 50 ° C and humidity from 30% to 90%.

1.2 Specifications

1. Mass of additional equipment, kg 2780 2. The mass of the equipped container, kg 3540 3. Curb weight of the chassis, kg 8840 4. The mass of the body - the container in running order, 6290 5. Mass distribution container body in running order, kg - through the tires of the front wheels 5100 - through the tires of the rear wheels 4470 6. The total mass of the body - the container, kg 16000 including: - through the tires of the front wheels 5800 - through the tires of the rear wheels 10200 7. Overall dimensions of the container body, mm - length 6150 - width 2795 - height 2570 8. Internal dimensions of the van, mm - length of habitable compartment 4740 - width 2250 - height of the inhabited compartment 2075 9. Rated voltage of electric consumers van V. 24, 220, 380.

The container body 28 is manufactured in the climatic version T1 according to GOST 15150, with the exception of individual components, designed for operation in the dry tropics.

The container body 28 is adapted for transportation by all means of transport and can be operated both in conjunction with vehicles that meet the requirements for the dimensions of the loading area on the chassis with unified embedded locks, and separately from it.

For the container, two main states (positions) are established: working (deployed) and transport (minimized or marching).

All equipment installed in the container has regular places of installation and fastening in the working and transport positions.

By design, the body-container 28 is two-section, consisting of an aggregate and inhabited compartment.

The first section, which is an aggregate compartment, serves to accommodate the equipment of the autonomous power supply system and life support, contains:

- a diesel generator with an output power of 24 kW with an automatic start device;

- a filtration and ventilation installation for air supply of the container body during the sandstorm and the creation of excess pressure, which provides local cleaning and air supply to personnel in the form of pressurization in the inhabited compartment;

- two air conditioners supporting the required temperature;

- Fire detector IP 212-5 OM with a fire extinguishing aerosol generator ATS-11/5, providing fire safety in the aggregate compartment.

The second section, which is the inhabited compartment, serves to place the target equipment, workstations and maintenance personnel of MNSC.

The internal dimensions of the inhabited compartment are 4000 × 2315 × 2180 mm, which allows equipping it with six automated workstations for operators to meet ergonomic requirements.

The design of the container body provides increased survivability and resistance to external atmospheric influences compared to the analogues of the complex and provides maintenance personnel with quite comfortable working conditions even in extreme weather and climate conditions and guarantees safety in case of emergency.

On the roof of the container body 28, an antenna satellite communication system 14 is located.

To place an antenna with high-frequency reception equipment, the base of a two-axle automobile trailer model ChMZAP-83352 is used.

The trailer chassis 29 automobile multipurpose ChMZAP-83352 is intended for installation and transportation of box body type KP4M, as well as special equipment.

The trailer is designed for operation with army multi-purpose vehicles on all types of roads and terrain, on which a train can move without losing patency.

As part of the MNSC, the trailer is used to place the antenna system 18 with a triaxial with a slewing device 19. To accommodate the equipment, the trailer frame 29 is equipped with reinforced spars, on which a platform is mounted to accommodate a triaxial slewing device 19 with an antenna system 18. Platform with slewing ring equipped with leveling and deployment system. The system is designed to level the plane of the trailer platform to the horizon and transfer the antenna from the stowed position to the working one or vice versa using the deployment mechanism.

A view of the trailer 29 with the antenna system 18 and the slewing device 19 in the transport state is shown in Fig. 3a, in the operational state is shown in Fig. 4.

The agro-leveling and deployment system (A&G) of the agro-industrial complex enables personnel to quickly assess the angle and degree of inclination of the trailer for taking measures to expose it horizontally. SGiR contains an adjusted (verified) system of eight levels (spirit levels) mounted on the frame at the corners of the trailer.

Structurally, the SGiR is placed on the basis of the chassis of the ChMZAP-83352 trailer. The basis for the construction of the SGiR is the frame 30, which is attached to the chassis of the trailer at four points using bolted connections. Three leveling mechanisms 31 are attached to the frame using clamps. A deployment device is installed on the frame. The deployment device is the base to which the tilt device 32 of the control gear is attached. The transfer of the slope device 32 of the control gear from the traveling position to the working position and vice versa is carried out using the deployment mechanism 33. The engine is switched off when the base reaches the working (upper) position using the limit switches built into the mechanism. Turning off the engine of the deployment mechanism 33 when the mechanism reaches the stowed (lower) position is carried out using the limit switch installed in the lower part of the base. The locking of the inclination device 32 of the control gear in the working position is carried out using two bolt locks.

In order to prevent an emergency and failure of the deployment mechanism 33, a limit switch has been introduced into the engine control circuit, blocking its inclusion until the tilt device 32 of the control gear is brought into a safe area after the fixing bolts are removed. The output of the device inclination 32 OPU in a safe area is carried out manually by the handle of a manual drive.

Technical characteristics of the leveling and deployment system:

- the number of mechanisms for leveling the platform - 3 pcs .;

- the number of mechanisms for deployment of the antenna - 1 pc .;

- rated power of engines of deployment and leveling mechanisms - 1.5 kW;

- supply voltage of the engines of mechanisms - 3ph (380 ± 38) V, (50 ± 1) Hz;

- the release time of the rods of the leveling mechanisms before touching the supporting platforms - (5 ± 1) s;

- the time of transfer of the antenna from the stowed position by the deployment device to the working one or vice versa - (130 ± 5) s.

To protect the installed equipment from environmental influences, the penetration of precipitation during rain and sand during movement and a sandstorm, the car trailer is equipped with a quick-opening tent with a ventilation valve. During transportation, the antenna mirror is disassembled and transported in boxes with a lodgement.

Suspension brackets of a two-axle trailer with coupled (closely spaced) axles are equipped with anti-roll bars, which reduces tire wear and compensates for the "pull" of the trailer when cornering.

A comparison of the characteristics of the proposed mobile ground-based special complex for the reception and processing of MNSC images and the prototype — the mobile 5.4-meter transported system of the ground-based X-band receiving station “Eagle Vision” is shown in the table.

Table Name of parameters Eagle Vision MNSC Antenna diameter 5,4 m 3,5 m frequency range 8.025-8.5 GHz L-band - 7,800-8,500 GTZ X-band - 1,400-1,700 GSC S-band - 2,025-2,110 reception 2,200-2,290 transmission Ability to transfer control commands no there is Multi-Level Image Processing no there is Transfer of processed data to external users via satellite high-speed communication channel no there is Ability to work with satellites for various purposes no there is STR of the dispatch center and monitoring no there is GLONASS / GPS tracking terminal no there is Rough terrain no there is Operating temperature range -30 - + 55 ° С -55 - + 60 ° С

The above analysis indicates that the claimed combination of elements and connections of MNSK allows to achieve the goals due to the original combination of devices and devices used in the technique of receiving signals from spacecraft in both their direct and non-standard applications.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the claimed mobile ground-based special image acquisition complex is distinguished by the presence of new units: the L-band receiving path, the S-band receiving and transmitting path, one or more automated workstations of operators equipped with a highly efficient complex of general and special software support, allowing on-site full multi-level processing of incoming information.

MNSK has an X-band irradiator design that allows implementing the automatic signal capture and auto-tracking technology of the spacecraft signal, a unique design of a sealed container body to accommodate the main equipment and workplaces of MNSK, which includes highly reliable life support systems, collective protection and autonomous power supply and a filter-ventilation device that creates the compartments of the container are excess air pressure.

The presence of the S-band transceiver path as part of the MNSC allows receiving telemetric information from the spacecraft and analyzing the conditions for obtaining space images of an object on the Earth's surface. If necessary, control teams can be transferred aboard the spacecraft, which allow to correct its orbit, orientation in space, quickly carry out the necessary equipment settings and, thus, optimize the conditions for obtaining satellite images to obtain high-quality materials.

Thus, the claimed mobile ground-based special complex for receiving images meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty." A comparison of the proposed solution with other technical solutions shows that the blocks newly introduced into the proposed mobile ground-based special image acquisition complex are technically feasible.

In the study of known technical solutions in the art, a set of features that distinguish the claimed object was identified. The proposed solution is significantly different from the known.

The claimed solution explicitly does not follow from the prior art and has an inventive step.

The inventive mobile ground-based special image-receiving complex can be implemented using existing means and equipment used in the technique of receiving signals from spacecraft and computer networks, and is industrially applicable.

The technical efficiency of the proposed mobile ground-based special image acquisition complex is to expand the functionality while improving the accuracy of tracking the movement of the spacecraft and minimizing the time it takes for the complex to aim at the spacecraft.

Of great practical importance is the opportunity provided to MNSC users to carry out on-site the full range of necessary processing of incoming information and transmit the processing results to external subscribers through available highly efficient satellite communications channels covering almost the entire Earth’s surface.

A positive factor of the proposed mobile complex also includes the opportunity for users to work in almost any weather and climate conditions of the Earth, and ensuring a high degree of personnel safety in extreme weather conditions and in case of emergency situations.

Tests of the manufactured MNSK sample showed that it is operational and ensures the achievement of the goal.

Claims (12)

1. A mobile ground-based complex for receiving and processing images containing a transportable communication station with spacecraft, including a receiving system consisting of an antenna complex equipped with a collapsible antenna that allows for quick deployment and coagulation on the ground, a slewing ring, irradiator, transceiver, leveling devices, control and monitoring systems; a computerized system for processing incoming information and preparing control commands for the spacecraft, a data transmission system, on-board navigation GLONASS / GPS equipment, characterized in that the antenna complex also includes an L-band receive radio path and an S-band radio transmit / receive, with which it can transfer of control commands on board the spacecraft, allowing to correct the parameters of its orbit, spatial orientation and mood on-board equipment to optimize the conditions for obtaining information (operational transfer of tasks or adjusting their settings for shooting areas of interest), while the complex is equipped with a planning system for displaying a potential field of view and shooting of a spacecraft on an area map at any time, note the areas of interest, prepare command packages for transferring the spacecraft on board and transfer control commands during a communication session with the spacecraft To increase the efficiency of surveying the Earth's surface of interest. 2. The mobile ground-based image acquisition and processing complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the antenna-rotary complex contains an irradiator with couplers having two types of radiation pattern - total and difference, which are processed by identical low-noise amplifiers-converters, and the difference signal is transmitted to the input of the planning and control system of the antenna-rotary complex, which includes a board for automatic signal capture and auto-tracking of the spacecraft, forming the control signal and transmitting it to the electric drive system of the antenna-rotary complex, while the newly introduced radio channels of the L and S bands are implemented due to the developed combined feed and transceiver subsystems. 3. The mobile ground-based complex for receiving and processing images according to claim 1, characterized in that the complex contains one or more automated workstations of operators equipped with a software package that allows on-site full multi-level processing of incoming information and the transfer of finished products in the form of electronic maps , digital terrain models and other formatted information directly to the consumer on devices such as a personal digital assistant with built-in navigation nnym receiver. 4. The mobile ground-based image acquisition and processing complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the equipment of the complex is located in a sealed compartment of the container body, which includes life support systems, collective protection and autonomous power supply and a filter-ventilation device. 5. The mobile ground-based complex for receiving and processing images according to claim 1, characterized in that the mobile complex contains a satellite terminal for high-speed data reception and transmission, providing the transmission of processed information directly to the consumer on end devices such as personal digital assistants. 6. The mobile ground-based complex for receiving and processing images according to claim 1, characterized in that the mobile complex comprises a device for collecting, storing, automatically searching and transmitting the required information at the request of consumers via a satellite communication terminal. 7. The mobile ground-based complex for receiving and processing images according to claim 1, characterized in that the mobile complex comprises a device for dispatching, monitoring and managing data of moving objects with the possibility of time-coordinate referencing and their display on electronic maps. 8. The mobile ground-based complex for receiving and processing images according to claim 1, characterized in that the receiving path of the mobile complex contains a decoding device for receiving satellite signals in different frequency ranges with all kinds of signal modulations. 9. The mobile ground-based complex for receiving and processing images according to claim 1, characterized in that the mobile complex contains GLONASS / GPS equipment to reduce the alignment process of the antenna complex. 10. The mobile ground-based complex for receiving and processing images according to claim 1, characterized in that the mobile complex contains a GLONASS / GPS terminal that allows you to monitor its status, the operation of subsystems and, if necessary, prevent unauthorized actions of personnel and other persons using a remote workstation the operator. 11. The mobile ground-based complex for receiving and processing images according to claim 1, characterized in that the mobile complex is located on a transport base for driving on roads of any type and on rough terrain, as well as providing movement by air, rail and water. 12. The mobile ground-based image acquisition and processing complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the mobile complex contains a universal power supply system for operating both from an industrial electric network and from an autonomous diesel generator located inside the vehicle, on a mount that reduces vibrational vibrations of the container as a whole.

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