RU2458186C1 - Anode device of aluminium electrolyser - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: anode device includes steel structure with mechanism moving anode bus with screw jack all installed on the steel structure. Screw jack consists of nut and located in the housing and interconnected worm, worm wheel and screw connected to anode bus. The screw is connected to the anode bus via carrier arm mounted on the jack screw. There is a nut rigidly fixed inside the carrier arm on spherically processed lower and upper parts, the nut has spherically processed ends and can move vertically up and down along the jack screw. Worm wheel located in jack reducer at the upper and lower part leans on spherical supports through thrust bearings. The lower part of jack screw is fixed inside the worm wheel via articulated coupling leaning from above and below on spherical supports through thrust bearings. The screw is connected to the articulated coupling with the possibility of transferring the torsion movement from worm wheel to screw for conversion vertical reciprocating movement of nut with carrier arm. Carrier arm has shackles for anode bus and cover with lugs attachment.

EFFECT: decrease of dimensions, increase of reliability and extension of reducers service life.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the metallurgy of non-ferrous metals, in particular to the equipment of workshops for the production of aluminum by the electrolytic method in cryolite-alumina melts, namely, the design of the anode device of an aluminum electrolyzer with a mechanism for moving the anode busbar.

The anode device of an aluminum electrolyzer is known (RF patent 2214482, IPC C25C 3/12, 2003), including a collector beam, anode busbar with anodes mounted on it with a certain pitch and a busbar movement mechanism with an electromechanical drive and jacks. Screw jacks are installed on the upper belt of the collector, the screws of which are connected to the anode busbar, and their input shafts are connected with additional rollers to an electromechanical drive consisting of an electric motor in combination with worm and bevel gearboxes with couplings. The combination of these gearboxes may be different. So, for electrolyzers with a capacity of up to 200 kA, a device with four jacks can be used with electric drives placed at the ends of the collector, because in this case, the length of the busbar is relatively small and two points of its connection with the jack screws on each side are sufficient.

Known design has disadvantages:

- a serial arrangement of the jack gear in the vertical direction increases the height of the jack, which leads to an increase in the height of the cell;

- during operation, the worm wheel experiences sliding friction with the sleeve on which it rests, which leads to an increase in the torque on the worm;

- a screw pair (screw-nut) does not have the ability to peel off in a vertical position, which leads to the appearance of transverse loads in the screw pair.

A known anode device of an aluminum electrolyzer (RF patent 2214481, IPC C25C 3/12, 2003), adopted as a prototype. The movement mechanism of the anode busbar consists of an electric motor, screw jacks connected to the busbar packages of the anode busbar. The jacks consist of a worm located in its housing and interconnected, a worm wheel with a hub, inside of which there is a nut with a screw. The worm wheel is mounted on a sleeve fixed to the base of the jack body. The nut is installed inside the hub of the worm wheel and connected to it by a spline connection made with a gap of 1-3 mm. The nut with the upper and lower ends is supported through spherical bearings through thrust bearings.

The above prototype design has disadvantages:

- the location of the structural elements leads to an increase in the height of the screw jack, due to the fact that when the anode busbar is lifted, the screw turns up;

- during operation, the worm wheel experiences sliding friction with the sleeve on which it rests, which leads to an increase in the torque on the worm.

As a result of this, horizontal loads occur in the screw-nut pair, which leads to a decrease in the reliability and life of the anode device.

The technical result of the invention is the creation of a mechanism for moving the anode busbar, which allows to reduce the dimensions of the gear housing and the height of the electrolyzer, which allows more compact arrangement of technological equipment, while improving reliability and increasing the life of the jack reducers.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the anode device comprising a metal structure with a mechanism for moving the anode busbar mounted on it with a screw jack, consisting of a nut and housed in the housing and interconnected by a worm, a worm wheel and a screw connected to the anode busbar, according to the claimed invention , the connection of the screw and the anode busbar is made through a suspension mounted on the screw of the jack, while inside the suspension is fixedly fixed on the spherically machined lower and upper parts, a nut made with spherically machined ends, with the possibility of vertical movement up and down on the jack screw, and the worm wheel placed in the jack reducer is supported from the top and bottom by spherical bearings through axial rolling bearings, and the lower part of the jack screw is fixed inside the worm wheel by means of an articulated clutch, supported above and below on spherical bearings, through thrust rolling bearings, in addition, the screw is coupled to the articulated clutch with the possibility of transmitting torque from the worm a wheel screw for converting a reciprocating vertical motion of the nut with the suspension.

The gimbal is equipped with earrings for securing the anode busbar and a lid with bosses locking the nut from turning.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1 is a view of the anode device from the longitudinal side;

figure 2 is a main view of the anode device (in plan);

figure 3 is a section aa in figure 1 (construction of the jack and suspension).

In the proposed anode device, the mechanism for moving the anodes (MPA) is depicted in figures 1, 2, 3, contains an asynchronous electric motor 1, a worm gear MPA 2, two angular bevel gears 3. The worm gear MPA 2 has an output shaft with two ends, which through the sleeve finger couplings 4 are connected to angular bevel gears 3. Each bevel gear 3 is connected by a driveshaft 5 to a group of 4 screw jacks 6 connected in series 6 (see Fig. 1). The motor 1 through a sleeve-finger coupling 7 is connected to the input shaft of the worm gear MPA 2 (see figure 2 main view). The screw jacks 6 are interconnected by cardan shafts 8 and with the worm gears of the jack 9. The mechanism for moving the anodes is mounted on the metal structures of the electrolyzer 10. The screw 11 of the screw jack 6 is connected by a swivel coupling 12 (see Fig. 3) to the worm wheel 13 with the possibility of rotation by the worm 14 together with the worm wheel 13. To exclude horizontal loads, the articulated coupling 12 with a screw rests on spherical bearings 15 and 16, made in the form of washers. The nut 17 is fixedly mounted in the suspension 18 and, when the screw rotates, rises or falls along it, while the anode busbar moves. The nut 17 is made with spherical ends, which rests in a suspension 18 on spherically machined surfaces. The worm wheel 13, located in the gearbox of the screw jack 9, is supported from above and below by spherical bearings 15 and 16 through axial rolling bearings 19 and 20. The suspension 18 is equipped with earrings 21 for fixing the anode bus and the lid with bosses 22.

The movement of the anode busbar is carried out by rotating the screws 11 of the screw jacks 6, the driveshafts 5 and 8 through the MPA 2 reducers from the electric motor 1 located in the end part on the front side of the metal structure 10. Since the screw jacks 6 are located on the edges of the upper part of the beam collector, so the middle part remains free.

The difference of the claimed design is that the jack screw is connected by an articulated coupling, and the articulated coupling is supported by spherical bearings on the upper and lower ends through thrust bearings, this makes it possible to eliminate horizontal loads in the screw-nut pair and increases the reliability and life of the structure. The fastening position of the jack screws ensures a minimum deflection of the anode busbar.

In this design, a scheme is used when the screw is connected through a hinge to the worm gear of the screw jack reducer and rotates together with the worm gear, which reduces the dimensions of the gear housing and the height of the electrolyzer, which makes it possible to arrange the process equipment more compactly.

The list of structural elements:

asynchronous electric motor 1,

worm gear MPA 2,

two angular bevel gears 3,

sleeve-finger couplings 4,

driveshaft 5,

screw jack 6,

sleeve-finger coupling 7,

driveshaft 8,

worm gear of the jack 9,

metal structure of the electrolyzer 10,

screw 11,

swivel coupling 12,

the worm wheel 13,

worm 14,

spherical bearings 15 and 16,

nut 17,

suspension 18,

persistent rolling bearings 19 and 20,

earrings 21,

lid with lugs 22.

Claims (2)

1. An anode device of an aluminum electrolyzer containing a metal structure with a mechanism for moving the anode busbar with a screw jack consisting of a nut and interconnected worm, a worm wheel and a screw connected to the anode busbar, characterized in that the screw is connected with the anode busbar by means of a suspension mounted on the screw of the jack, while inside the suspension it is fixed on a spherically machined lower and upper parts of the nut, which is made spherically machined ends, with the possibility of vertical movement up and down on the jack screw, and the worm wheel placed in the jack reducer is supported from above and below by spherical bearings through axial rolling bearings, and the lower part of the jack screw is fixed inside the worm wheel by means of a hinge a coupling supported on top and bottom by spherical bearings through axial rolling bearings, the screw being coupled to an articulated coupling with the possibility of transmitting torque from the worm wheel to the screw for azovaniya in vertical reciprocating nuts with the suspension. 2. The anode device according to claim 1, characterized in that the suspension is equipped with earrings for securing the anode busbar and a lid with bosses.

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