RU2457764C1 - Method to obtain one-piece moulded detail of felt - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: personal use articles.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a light industry and can be used in manufacture of clothes, shoes, hats and decorative items made of felt as well as at for felt products restoration. The method includes forming a canvas by stacking layers of wool fibers and applying on the layers of wool fiber of textile material, felting, felling and drying. On the canvas from the side of textile material the layers of wool fibers are additionally placed. After felling the moulding is carried out, and after drying - wet-heating treatment. Wet-heating treatment is carried out under pressure at a temperature of 120-150° C, corresponding to a temperature of adhesion of adhesive. As textile material the easily mouldable adhesive gasket material with sparse structure is used. The adhesive gasket material can be placed in accordance with the zones marked on the detail.

EFFECT: reduction of thickness and weight of felt parts is provided, while maintaining the specified strength; obtaining one-piece moulded detail with uniform thickness, with zones which differ in properties; increasing the strength of the obtained material; preservation of appearance of felt on the front and reverse side of the product which is attractive for a consumer.

2 cl, 3 dwg, 1 tbl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to light industry and can be used in the manufacture of clothing, shoes, hats and decorative products from felt, as well as in the restoration of felt products.

There is a traditional method of obtaining a whole-molded part from felt, including the formation of the canvas by laying layers of woolen fibers, coiling, felling, molding, straightening and drying [Gusev AP, Sergeenko AP Technology of felt and felt production. - Moscow: Legprombytizdat, 1988].

A disadvantage of the traditional method of manufacturing felt is that in order to achieve the required dimensional stability and strength, material of large thickness and high surface density is made. Reducing the thickness of the felt made by this method leads to a decrease in surface density, shape stability and strength.

The closest analogue of the present invention is a method for producing felt, including the formation of the canvas by laying layers of woolen fibers and applying layers of woolen fibers of textile material, scraping, felling and drying [I. Kokareva Picturesque felt. - Moscow: Ast-press book, 2010].

The disadvantages of the method are

- low ability of the part to bulk molding, limiting the possibility of creating a complex spatial form;

- a significant increase in stiffness and thickness at the places of grooves and seams when using structural methods to give the part a three-dimensional shape;

- low stability of the connection of the fibrous layer with textile material, not allowing to increase the strength of the felt part.

The technical task of the claimed invention is to obtain a seamless form-resistant part of a three-dimensional form of felt and increase strength without a significant increase in the thickness of the part.

The problem is solved by the method of obtaining a whole-molded part from felt, including the formation of the canvas by laying layers of woolen fibers and applying layers of woolen fibers of textile material, wringing, felling and drying, which is characterized in that layers of woolen fibers are additionally laid on the canvas from the side of the textile material, after rolls, molding is carried out, and after drying, wet-heat treatment is carried out, while easily formed adhesive adhesive is used as a textile material material with a rarefied structure, and wet-heat treatment is carried out under pressure at a temperature of 120-150 ° C, corresponding to the bonding temperature of the adhesive cushioning material.

Adhesive cushioning material is arranged in accordance with the zones allocated to the part.

The method of obtaining parts and indicators of physical and mechanical properties of the material are presented in figures 1, 2, 3 and in the table.

Figure 1 reflects the location of the adhesive cushioning material 3 between the layers of woolen fibers 1,2-4,5.

Figure 2 reflects the relationship of components in a molded part:

6 - interconnection of fibers lying before scraping and roll on one side of the cushioning material;

7 - penetration of the canvas fibers into the structure of the cushioning material;

8 - interconnection of fibers lying before scaling and roll on opposite sides of the cushioning material;

9 - bonding the fibers between themselves and with the cushioning material with a molten adhesive coating or softened adhesive fibers of the cushioning material.

Figure 3 reflects the layout of the selected areas of the part with various adhesive cushioning materials:

I - zone with adhesive cushioning material on a knitted basis, having 67% polyester fibers and 33% viscose fibers, with a polyamide adhesive coating with a gluing temperature of 120-150 ° C;

II - zone with adhesive elastic cushioning material made of polyester fibers with a polyamide coating with a bonding temperature of 120-130 ° C;

III - zone with adhesive non-woven material made of hot-melt polyamide fibers with a bonding temperature of 120 ° C;

IV - zone without adhesive cushioning material.

Examples of the method.

Example 1. When forming the canvas after laying two layers of wool fibers (1, 2 - Figure 1), an easily formable adhesive cushioning material is applied on a knitted basis, having 67% polyester fibers and 33% viscose fibers, with a polyamide adhesive coating with a bonding temperature of 120 -150 ° С (3 - figure 1). After that, two more layers of woolen fibers are laid on the side of the adhesive cushioning material (4, 5 - Figure 1). Then carry out salting, roll, molding, straightening, drying and wet-heat treatment. Molding is carried out by fitting the forming surface. Wet-heat treatment occurs using pressure at a temperature corresponding to the bonding temperature of the adhesive cushioning material.

This method allows to obtain form-resistant parts from felt with significantly increased strength and sufficiently high elasticity (sample I, table) without a noticeable increase in thickness compared to parts without cushioning material (sample IV, table). Compared with the sample made according to the technology of the prototype (sample V, table), the obtained part has significantly reduced thickness and surface density, increased strength, while maintaining such dimensional stability indicators as rigidity and elasticity. Improving the stability of the connection of the fibrous layer with the textile material and the strength of the part is ensured by the location of this material between the fiber layers and the formation of an adhesive joint (Figure 2).

Example 2. When forming according to the canvas template, the parts also lay layers of woolen fibers. Then, different types of adhesive cushioning materials are applied to different parts of the parts in accordance with the zones highlighted on the templates:

- in the upper part of the back and the shelf (zone II - figure 3) an adhesive elastic cushioning material that provides increased elasticity and elongation at break to form resistance to operational loads (sample II, table);

- in the lower part of the back, shelves and sleeves (zone III - figure 3) adhesive non-woven material, providing increased rigidity and strength of the felt to maintain shape and fix the bottom line (sample III, table);

- in the elbow area (zone I - figure 3) adhesive adhesive material on a knitted basis, providing increased strength, stiffness and elasticity to impart wear resistance (sample I, table);

- in areas requiring reduced stiffness, shown in Figure 3 without hatching, for example, in the middle of the back, shelf, upper and front of the sleeve (zone IV - figure 3), adhesive gasket material is not used (sample IV, table).

Further, the whole process is carried out as in example 1. Wet-heat treatment is carried out at a temperature of 120 ° C. As a result, in accordance with the requirements for the product, parts with zones differing in properties are obtained. At the same time, the thickness of the parts remains fairly uniform, since the thickness difference is no more than 12%.

Felt Test Results Identification arr. Used for laying canvas procl. material Thickness mm Breaking load, daN Elongation at break, mm Rigidity, cN Elasticity,% Pow. pl., g / m ² based by duck based by duck based by duck based by duck one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 I knitted adhesive backing material with PA adhesive coating 1.4 28.3 26,4 67.6 66.6 8.01 7.48 68.6 68.7 249 II adhesive elastic cushioning material made of PE fibers with PA adhesive coating 1.36 13.6 13.5 70.3 73.1 5.02 6.07 74.3 67.3 220 III adhesive non-woven material made of hot-melt PA fibers 1.27 14.1 68.3 7.39 70.6 225 IV control sample, without procl. mat la 1.24 12.7 64.3 4.75 58.3 200 V prototype technology sample 1.9 22.6 64.6 10.85 72 329

The proposed method allows

- reduce the thickness and mass of felt parts while maintaining a given strength;

- to obtain uniform in thickness uniformly formed parts with zones that differ in properties;

- increase the strength of the obtained material;

- to keep the appearance of felt attractive to the consumer from the front and back sides of the product.

Claims (2)

1. A method of obtaining a whole-molded part from felt, comprising forming a canvas by laying layers of woolen fibers and applying textile layers to the layers of woolen fibers, felting, felling and drying, characterized in that layers of woolen fibers are additionally laid on the canvas from the side of the textile material, after felling carry out molding, and after drying - wet-heat treatment, while easily molded adhesive cushioning material with sparse structures is used as a textile material minutes, and wet-heat treatment is carried out under pressure at a temperature of 120-150 ° C, an appropriate temperature bonding adhesive gasket material. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive cushioning material is arranged in accordance with the zones allocated to the part.

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