RU2455624C2 - Machine for dynamic balancing of products - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: machine comprises a bed with the first and second racks with an ability of mutual alignment movement. On each rack one end of the elastic elements is fixed, the second of their ends are attached to the installation locations for the trimmable products containing two rollers on axes in a traverse with a possibility of vertical movement. The machine has a rotation motor, balancing mandrel rotation sensor and two fluctuations sensors connected with an imbalance measuring instrument. The bed is made with a cross section in the form of two identical symmetric flanged beams installed vertically, forming the upper and lower planes, as well as the internal and external cavities. On the upper surface of I-beams the flat plates and slides secured to them are evenly placed. The flanged beams are spaced horizontally and rigidly connected to the bars with the upper inner edges of the flanged beams along their entire length to form an additional external cavity arrangements for moving racks. The internal surface of the vertical flanged beams are connected one to another at the ends and uniformly in the interior cavity of the reinforcement beams. L-distance between the beams is determined by the formula l/h<4, where h is a general height of a flanged beam, flat plate and a slide.

EFFECT: high accuracy of defining product imbalance.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to balancing equipment and can be used for dynamic balancing of products, for example rotors of motors and generators, driveshafts, impellers of double-supporting fans and other products with spaced axes. Perhaps application in various test benches.

A known machine for the dynamic balancing of products (RF patent for utility model No. 63527, M.cl. G01M 1/22, 2006), containing a base, placed on the rails two supports made with the possibility of adjustment movement along the rails. The machine has two vibration-sensing systems, two traverses with paired spherical rollers for placement of a balanced product on them. Each of the traverses is connected to the platform with the possibility of adjusting vertical movement, and the platforms are mounted with the possibility of plane-parallel displacement relative to the supports. The machine contains a rotation drive and an imbalance meter, and both traverses are made with parallel walls, between which two transverse axes with rolling bearings are fixed, on which spherical rollers are located for installing and balancing the products on them.

The presence of two traverses with parallel walls, the internal of which are located in close proximity to the balanced product, makes it difficult to determine the magnitude and direction of the imbalance of products with short supporting axes or products with a large difference in the diameters of the supporting axes and their outer diameters.

A device for dynamic balancing of rotors is known (RF patent No. 2336509, M.cl. G01M 1/22, 2008), containing a frame with a support mounted on it for a balanced product, on which one end of the elastic elements of the first vibration-sensing system is fixed, the second end which is attached to the mounting location for the rotor, a rotation motor, a balancing mandrel and a braking unit. The device includes a second vibration-sensing system, a rotation sensor and two vibration sensors connected to the unbalance meter. The bed of the device is made with a cross section in the form of two vertical, symmetrically located and adjacent to each other I-beams, forming the upper and lower solid planes, as well as the inner and outer cavities. On the upper continuous plane, flat plates are evenly spaced with guides rigidly fixed to them. The first bearings and the second bearings introduced into the device are installed on the rails, one end of the elastic elements of the second vibration-sensing system mounted on the second support, and the second end of the elastic elements of the same vibration-sensing system connected to the second mounting location for the balancing rotor introduced into the device and placed on the second support. The braking unit of the device is located in the outer cavity of the bed. An oscillation sensor connected to an unbalance meter is additionally introduced into the device, the fixed part of which is rigidly fixed to the bed, and the movable part of this oscillation sensor has the ability to interact with the balancing mandrel. This device is selected for the prototype.

The known device has the following disadvantages.

The implementation of the frame with a cross section in the form of a standard sample of two vertical, symmetrically located and adjacent to each other I-beams, which form the upper and lower solid planes, reduces the lateral rigidity of the frame, since the height of the I-beams exceeds their total width. At the same time, the stability of the bed and the machine as a whole decreases sharply, reducing the accuracy of imbalance measurements.

The extended I-beams of the bed have a reduced longitudinal stiffness. According to the recommendations of ENIMS (“Installation of machines on vibration isolating supports.” Guidelines. M., ENIMS, 1983, p. 4), machines with a rigid bed are considered machines in which the ratio L / h = 4 ... 5, where L is the length bed, h is the height of the cross section of the bed. The known invention was used in the SBS-907 machine (Operating Instructions 72642.911.00,00.000, p. 9, Fig. 31) and has a ratio L / h = 2300/340, therefore it cannot correspond to the recommended ratio, which reduces the rigidity of the machine and accuracy determining the imbalance of the balanced products, dramatically reduces the ability to install the machine on economical vibration-isolating supports.

Mounting the axes of paired rollers on two parallel side walls of the traverses facing the outer diameter of the balanced products reduces the technological capabilities of the machine, especially with short supporting axes of the balanced products.

The continuous long guides of the machine are not technologically advanced to manufacture, since their length is many times greater than their width and thickness, which makes it difficult to heat-treat the guides (hardening to increase their hardness and strength) not only because of their own non-rigidity, but also difficulties in choosing equipment for them heat treatment (furnaces, bathtubs).

The objective of the invention is the elimination of these disadvantages.

The technical result of the invention is to improve the accuracy of determining the imbalance of products, to increase the technological capabilities of machines, to increase efficiency by installing machines on vibration isolating supports.

The technical result is ensured by the fact that in the machine containing the bed with the first and second racks mounted on the rails with the possibility of mutual adjustment movement, on each of which one end of the elastic elements of the vibration-sensing systems is fixed, the second ends of the elastic elements are attached to the mounting places for the balanced product containing two rollers mounted on axles in the traverse with the possibility of vertical movement, a rotation motor, a balancing mandrel, a rotation sensor and two sensors the oscillations connected to the imbalance meter, and the bed is made with a cross section in the form of two identical vertically mounted symmetrical I-beams, forming the upper and lower planes, as well as the inner and outer cavities, while on the upper planes of the I-beams there are evenly flat plates and fixed to them guides, I-beams are horizontally spaced and rigidly connected by a channel with the upper internal edges of the I-beams along their entire length with the formation of an additional external cavity for I place the mechanisms for moving the racks along the guides in it, the internal vertical surfaces of the I-beams are connected at the ends and evenly in the internal cavity by stiffeners, and the distance between the stiffeners “l” is determined by the expression l / h <4, where h is the total height of the I-beam, flat plate and guide.

In the machine, the axles mounted in the traverse walls carry radial bearings on which the rollers are gaplessly located, and in the wall facing the balanced product, a radial recess is made to accommodate the balanced product. The guides of the machine along the length are made integral with straight or angular joints between their parts.

The invention is illustrated by the description and drawings, where Fig. 1 shows a general view of the machine, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the machine (section A-A in Fig. 1), Fig. 3 is a plan view of the machine, in Fig. 4 - mounting location with twin rollers (section BB in figure 2), figure 5 is a view of the radial recess on the side bars (section BB in figure 1).

The machine contains a frame 1 (Fig.1 and 2), consisting of vertically symmetrically mounted two I-beams 2 (Fig.2), forming the inner 3 and outer 4 cavities, as well as the upper 5 and lower 6 supporting plane. On the upper planes 5 (FIG. 2), flat plates 7 are installed on which the guides 8 are mounted with the first 9 and second 10 racks (FIGS. 1, 2) placed on them, having the ability to move them along the guides 8 and installed in a position defined the length of the balanced products 11 (Fig.1-3). I-beams 2 are horizontally spaced (Fig. 2) by a channel 12, the edges of which are connected (welded) with the upper inner edges of the I-beams with the formation of an additional external cavity 13 for the movement mechanism 14 of the racks 9 and 10. Between them I-beams 2 along the ends and evenly in the inner cavity 3 connected by stiffeners 15 (figures 1 and 2). The distance "l" between the ribs 15 is determined by the expression l / h <4, where h is the total height of the I-beam 2, the flat plate 7 and the guide 8. On the first and second supports 9 and 10, both vibration-sensing systems are fixed with the upper parts of the elastic elements 16, and the lower parts of these elastic elements 16 are fixed on the platforms 17. On the rolling pins 18 of the platforms 17 with the possibility of adjusting vertical movement by a screw 19, traverses 20 with two rollers 21 are placed. These are installation locations for the balanced product 11 (Figs. 2, 4 and 5). The yoke 20 carries on the parallel walls 22 and 23 on the axes 24 the radial bearings 25, on which the rollers 21 are axially fixed by the covers 26 (Figs. 4, 5). The walls 23 facing the balanced product on both traverses 20 are made with a radial recess 27 to accommodate the balanced product. On the first 9 and second 10 racks, the housing of the vibration sensors 28 and 29, the movable rods of which abut against the elastic elements 16 (Figs. 1 and 2), are fixedly fixed. The rotation engine 30 (Fig. 1) is connected through the balancing mandrel 31 to the axis of the product being balanced 11. The rotation sensor 32 is mounted on the engine 30. The outputs of the vibration sensors 28 and 29 and the rotation sensor 32 are connected to the imbalance meter 33. Flat guides 8 are made integral with straight or angular 34 joints between their parts. In figure 3, the guides 8 are shown with corner joints. On the rolling pins 18 are placed the clamps 35 of the product 11 to the rollers 21.

The machine operates as follows.

The position of the racks 9 and 10 on the machine guides 8 is set by the movement mechanism 14 depending on the length of the product 11. To compensate for the diameters of the supporting axes of the products 11, two traverses 20 are mounted in height with screws 19 so that the axis of the balanced product 11 mounted on the rollers 21 and the the output shaft of the engine rotation 30 matched. After that, the paired rollers 21 with the clip 35 removed are gently, without jerks, the product 11 is laid using jacks. Using the balancing mandrel 31, the product 11 is connected to the rotation motor 30. The smooth rotation of the product 11 is facilitated by its installation on the rollers 21 rotating relative to the axes 24, as well as by controlling the location of the product 11 on the rollers 21 with clamps 35.

When the product 11 is rotated to a frequency higher than the oscillation frequency of the platforms 17 of the traverse 20, the signals from the vibration sensors 28 and 29 from the vibrations of the elastic elements 16 and the rotation speed sensor 32 are fed to the imbalance meter 33, in which the determination of the imbalance components is the size and angle of imbalance of the balanced product 11.

In the balancing process, the well-known method of accelerated acceleration into the resonant mode and braking after determining the imbalance is used. The imbalance is eliminated by installing compensating plates by welding or by drilling the product material 11. Their mass and location are determined on the machine.

The advantages of the invention in improving the accuracy of determining the phase and amplitude of the imbalance due to the increase in lateral and longitudinal stiffness. The transverse stiffness is increased by the introduction of the channel 12, the stiffeners 15. The longitudinal stiffness increases due to the stiffeners 15 placed along the ends of the frame 1 and evenly in the inner cavity 3 at a distance of 1, where 1 is the distance between the stiffeners, h is the total height of the I-beam, flat plate and guide from the condition l / h <4. Technological capabilities are expanded by introducing a radial recess 29 on the inner walls 25 of the traverse 20. Manufacturability is achieved by using composite guides 8 with straight or angular joints 34. Additionally, by installing machines on vibration isolating supports in the vicinity of the ribs 15 and the ends of the bed, the installation of machines at the consumer is economical.

Claims (3)

1. A machine for dynamic balancing of products, comprising a bed with first and second racks mounted on rails with the possibility of mutual adjustment movement, on each of which one end of the elastic elements of vibration-sensing systems is fixed, the second ends of the elastic elements are attached to mounting locations for a balanced product, containing two rollers mounted on axles in the traverse with the possibility of vertical movement, a rotation motor, a balancing mandrel, a rotation sensor and two count sensors bans connected to the imbalance meter, and the bed is made with a cross section in the form of two identical vertically mounted symmetrical I-beams, forming the upper and lower planes, as well as the inner and outer cavities, while flat plates and guides fixed to them are uniformly placed on the upper planes of the I-beams characterized in that the I-beams are horizontally spaced and rigidly connected by a channel with the upper inner edges of the I-beams along their entire length with the formation of an additional bend cavity to accommodate the mechanisms of movement of the racks along the rails in it, the internal vertical surfaces of the I-beams are interconnected at the ends and evenly in the internal cavity by stiffeners, and the distance “l” between the stiffeners is determined by the expression l / h <4, where h is the total height I-beams, flat plate and guide. 2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the axles mounted in the walls of the traverse bear radial bearings on which the rollers are gaplessly located, and a radial recess is made in the wall facing the balanced product to accommodate the balanced product. 3. The machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guides along the length are made integral with straight or angular joints between their parts.

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