RU2454856C1 - Method of surface watering - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method includes treatment of strips of an irrigated area surface, covering of strips with a synthetic film and supply of watering water under the film. Prior to coating of irrigated area surface strips with a synthetic film, a pest control agent Trichlorfon is applied on a part of the film surface. The film surface faces heads of irrigated area surface strips.

EFFECT: technology will make it possible to expand functional capabilities of watering by development of conditions to suppress crop pests.

Description

The present invention relates to irrigation, and more particularly to surface irrigation methods.

There is a method of furrow irrigation by cutting irrigation furrows and supplying water to them, described in the book: S.F. Averyanova and others. Workshop on agricultural land reclamation. - M: Ear. 1970. S. 30-31.

The disadvantage of this method of irrigation is the loss due to evaporation from the surface of the water and from the slopes of the furrow.

The closest in technical essence and purpose of the proposed technical solution is the method of surface irrigation by treating the surface strips of the irrigated area with simultaneous coating with a synthetic film, applying irrigation water under the film described in patent No. 2365095. IPC A01G 25/00 (2006.01), RU, published in Bul. No.24 08/27/2009.

The method lacks the ability to suppress pests of crops.

The aim of the invention is to expand the functionality of the irrigation method by creating conditions for the suppression of crop pests.

This goal is achieved by the fact that before coating the strips of the surface of the irrigated area with a synthetic film, chlorophos is applied to a part of the surface of the film facing the heads of the strips of the surface of the irrigated area.

To implement the method, the middle parts are loosened and the side parts of the strips of the surface of the irrigated area are compacted. Each strip is covered with a synthetic film, the edges of which are embedded in the soil. Before coating the strips, chlorophos is applied to a part of the surface of the film facing the heads of the strips of the surface of the irrigated area. Then, irrigation water is supplied under the film. Irrigation water dissolves the drug, is filtered into the slopes of the furrow, and in the form of a solution enters the soil. After 5-8 days, soil pests die.

Chlorophos, soil pest control preparations are applied to the film in the form of granules encapsulated by sticky polymer hydrogels based on N-vinylpyrrolidone, polyamines, cellulose. On the film, the drug can be applied in two doses. At the first stage, a layer of sticky polymer hydrogel is applied to the film, and then particles of the preparation. Polymer hydrogels do not adversely affect the quality of irrigation water, plants, soil and do not reduce the effectiveness of the drug. The length of the zone of application of the drug in the head of the strip take no more than 1/3 of the length of the irrigation strip. The increase in the length of the zone of application of the drug in excess of 1/3 reduces the uniformity of its distribution along the length of the irrigation strip. Reducing the length of the zone of application of the drug increases the complexity of setting the dispensers.

Application rates are set according to the reference and regulatory literature, in accordance with the type of pests, type of cultivated plants, type of soil. To adjust the dispensers serving the drug, the application rate in units of kg / ha is converted to units - kilogram per irrigation strip. Recalculation is performed according to the formula: n = (N · l · a ) / 10000, where n is the rate of application of the drug kg / lane; N is the rate of application of the drug, kg / ha; l is the length of the irrigation strip, m; and - the distance between the axes of the irrigation strips, m. For example, the rate of introduction of chlorophos at the cabbage planting is 30 kg / ha of active substance. The distance between the axes of the irrigation strips with a length of 92 m is 0.6 m. The dispensers supplying the herbicide are adjusted to the consumption of the preparation (30 · 92 · 0.6) / 10000 kg / strip.

The length of irrigation strips is taken from 75 to 120 m. Simultaneously with the treatment, irrigation strips are covered with a synthetic film, the longitudinal edges of which are embedded in the soil. The edges of the film in the heads of irrigation strips are fixed on the underground outlets of distribution pipelines. 0.25 l / s is fed to the heads of irrigation strips under pressure. The pressure value is taken within 0.4-0.6 m water column (0.04-0.06 atm). With a pressure of less than 0.4 m. Art. the rate of movement of water along the length of the irrigation strip decreases sharply. With a pressure of more than 0.6 m. Art. tearing of the synthetic film is possible.

The width of irrigation strips is taken in the range from 0.2 to 0.4 m. When the width of the irrigation strip is less than 0.2 m, the irrigation time increases significantly due to the reduction in the absorption area of irrigation water. With an irrigation band width of more than 0.4 m, formation of a faulty flow and soil water erosion are possible.

It is rational to use an opaque reclamation film 120-150 microns thick as a synthetic film.

The proposed method of irrigation along the stripes of the surface of the irrigated area extends the functionality of the analogue method by applying a crop pest control agent to a part of the film surface facing the heads of the stripes of the surface of the irrigated area, which suppresses the vital activity of soil pests.

Claims (1)

The method of irrigation, including processing the surface strips of the irrigated area, coating the strips with a synthetic film and feeding irrigation water under the film, characterized in that chlorophos is applied to the part of the film surface facing the heads of the strips of the surface of the irrigated area.